Participatory Media and Moral Panic - Calenda

... "moral panic", by focusing on the ways in which participatory media enables the public's participation in moral panic. The coproduction of moral panic, ... AccueilParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanic AccueilParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanic AppelàcontributionSociologie Dates 26 fév 2015 Catégories Information Étudesdupolitique ParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanic Panelon"ParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanic"attheSocialMediaandSocietyconference *  *  * Publiélejeudi12février2015parCélineGuilleux Résumé Thetransformationofthemedialandscapeinvitesustorethinkthedialecticbetween"media"and"moralpanic",byfocusingonthewaysinwhichparticipatorymediaenablesthepublic’sparticipationinmoralpanic. Thecoproductionofmoralpanic,viamediaparticipation,canbeanalyzedtodocumenthowindividuals,throughtheirrelationallinks,trigger,maintainandpropagatemoralpanicorhowtheseformsofmoralregulationaffectsociability,notablythosestigmatizedbythecontroversialsubject.Thismayalsoallowthestudyofhowmediatizationofsocialrelations,stemmingfromparticipatorymedia,leadstorenegotiatinganumberofdemocraticbalances.Theseincludetherelationshipbetweenprivateandpublicspheresaswellastheroleofpublicsinconstitutingcollectivedynamics,suchastheformationofpublicproblems. Annonce Argument Weareproposingapanelon“ParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanics”fortheSocialMediaandSocietyConferencethatwillbeheldinToronto,Canada,attheendofJuly2015.Thispanelsessionservesasastartingpointforaneditedvolumeonthesametopic.WewouldliketoinviteyoutosubmitaproposalbyFebruary26,2015. Thetransformationofthemedialandscapeinvitesustorethinkthedialecticbetween“media”and“moralpanic”,byfocusingonthewaysinwhichparticipatorymediaenablesthepublic’sparticipationinmoralpanics.Abstractsmayrelatetoanyofthefollowingorotherareas. Participatorymediaasanewformofmediapanic Participatorymediainlightofthehistoryofmediapanics Circulationandpropagationofmoralpanicviatheuseofparticipatorymediabypublics Publics’usesofparticipatorymediatotrigger,fuelormaintainmoralpanics Usesofparticipatorymediainthecontextofmoralpanicbythedifferentpublics(suchassubalterncounter-publicsorgeneralpublic)asaformofactivism Effectsofparticipationinonlinemoralpaniconmediahabits Relationshipbetweenparticipationinonlinemoralpanicandtheformation,evolutionordissolutionofsocialnetworksand/orsocialties Spatiotemporalscalesofmoralpanic:fromlocalissuestoglobalproblemsorglobalissuesaffectinglocalcommunities RenewaloftheaccessibilitytofieldsofmoralpanicuponthearrivaloftheInternet Newdigitalmethodologiestocaptureclassicalobjectsofmoralpanic Effectsofparticipatorymediaontheveryconceptofmoralpanic Thefieldofmoralpanicsisstructuredaroundapluralityofmodelsandsidedevelopments(Cohen1972;Spector,Kitsuse1977;Goode,Ben-Yehuda1994;Klocke,Muschert2010,2013)derivedfromtwodistinctterms,thatof“deviance”-followingthepathtracedbytheworkofStanleyCohen(1972)-andthatof“socialproblem”-alongthelinesofHerbertBlumer’spioneeringresearch(1971).Ifthedevelopmentofthesemodelsistaintedbycriticism(e.g.McRobbie,Thornton1995;Ungar2001;Cornwell,Linders2002;Young2004),astrongconsensusremainsregardingtheroleplayedbymediainproducingmoralpanics.Withoutbeingthesolemediatoratwork,mediaareattheveryleastasecondaryactorbroadcastinginformation(Goode,Ben-Yehuda1994),amplifyingandprovidingvisibilitytosocialphenomenonand/orgroupsofpeople(Cohen1972). Althoughthevariousmodelsstemmingfromthemoralpanicconcepthaveconstantlytakenthemediaastheiranalyticalpivot,thisfieldofresearchhasdealtverylittlewiththechangingtechnologicallandscape(Klocke,Muschert2013),eventhoughthislatestdevelopmentmaypotentiallychallengethewaymoralpanicshavebeenconsidereduntilnow.Withthediversificationofcommunicationdevices(e-mail,textmessage,chat,video-conference,etc.),themedialandscapehasbecomemorecomplexinrecentyears.Theever-growingprocessofmediatizedsocialrelationshipsisnotablylinkedtothedevelopmentof“participatory”media(Jenkins2006;Deuze2006;Livingstone2013),thatistosaymediabythemeansofwhichusersnotonlyconsumebutalsoproduceandbroadcastculturalcontent.Therefore,publicscanjustaswelltriggerbutalsofuel,spreadandmaintainmoralpanic, via thecommunicationdevicesoftheweb2.0type(Paton,Figeac2015).Itmayevenbeakeyfactorinthewaysinwhichmoralpanicformsandspreadsfromthelocaltotheinternationallevel(andviceversa)viacommunicationtechnologiesandtheuseofdigitalnetworks.Andwhilemoralpanicsare“trans-media”,presentinboth“traditional”mediaanddigitalmedia(Frau-Meigs2012),theproliferationof“mediascapes”(Appadurai1990)givesaccesstoagreateramountofmediaarenaswithinthepublicsphere.Thetransformationofthemedialandscapethereforeinvitesustorethinkthedialecticbetween"media"and"moralpanic",notablybyfocusingonthewaysinwhichparticipatorymediaenablethepublic’sparticipationinmoralpanics. Thiscallforabstractssuggeststhefollowingdirectionsinwhichsuchafieldofenquirycanbepursued;yetweareopentoadditionalsuggestions. 1. Participatorymediainlightofthehistoryofmediapanics Theconceptsofmoralpanicandmediasharealongstandingcomplicitydespiteaparticularmedium.Comicstrips,videogames,theInternet,allthesemediumsembodyfearanddistrustofonegenerationforanotheratagiventimeandplace(Drotner1992,1999;Springhall1998;Krinsky2013).Theadoptionofparticipatorymediaisnoexception.Controversiesbetweenpassionatetechnophilesandjustasengagedtechnophobesregularlyshapepublicdebatesabouttherisksofadoptingnewmedia,ortheimplicationsofthesepracticesonsocialtiesandtheupholdingofsocialorder,particularlywithregardtosomethreats,suchasthecontagionofviolencethroughtheuseofthewebinconnectionwithterroristnetworks,theincreaseofincidencesofcyberbullying,oraccesstopornographyormoreparticularlynetworksofpedophiles(e.g.Boyd2012;Molloy2013).Theobjectofthisfirstpartofthebookistoinvestigaterecentmediapanicsinrelationshiptoparticipatorymediainordertoidentifyandquestiontheirspecificity,or/andthewaysinwhichtheselatestepisodesofdebatecoincideandextendthehistoryofmediapanicssurroundingothermediumsinthepast.Thisretrospectivealsoconstitutesanopportunitytoprovidemoreinformationaboutthesocialconditionsthatcreate,maintainandresultinasuccessfulepisodeofmoralpanic. Theobjectofthisfirstaxiscouldbeempiricalortheoreticalenquiriesrespondingtoquestionssuchas: Whatrecentmediapanicshaveparticipatorymediagivenwayto?Whataretheirspecificities? Howcanthesemediapanicsforeshadowcontemporaryrelationshipstoparticipatorymedia?Dotheselatestepisodesofdebatecoincideandextendthehistoryofmediapanicssurroundingothermediumsinthepast? Thisretrospectivealsoconstitutesanopportunitytoprovidemoreinformationaboutthesocialconditionsthatcreate,maintainandresultinasuccessfulepisodeofmoralpanic. 2.Rethinkingthepublics’roleandtypesofparticipation Keyfiguresofthe19th centurywhofirstevoked“moralpanics”assimilatedthepublictoanentity,apartlyirrationalfacelessandnamelesscrowd,empoweredbycollectivestrength.Theyinsisteduponthefactrelationaldynamicsbetweenindividualsfundamentallychangeswhenagglomeratedintoahugecrowd.Whilepublicswerethenatthecenterofanalysisinanattempttocharacterizetheclusteringofindividuals,nowadays,theyareoftenrelegatedtosecondaryroles.Evenmoresoconsideringthepublicsthathaveaplaceintheliteraturearethoseofapoliticalnature,ascivilsocietyactors(e.g.moralentrepreneurs,claim-makers,socialmovementsormorecommonlyNGOs,privatecompanies,politicalparties,etc.).Yetitispreciselythisanonymousmass,theagglomerationofindividuals,thecrowdofpeople,thatmakesthefabricofmoralpanicsandembodiesthestrengthofthiscollectiveentity,andinturnthepotencyoftheconceptofmoralpanic. Thissecondaxiscallsforproposalsrethinkingthissectorofliteratureandopeningtheblackboxofpublicswithintherealmofmoralpanic. Todoso,astartingpointcouldbetoconsidertheplaceofpublicsinthehistoryofmoralpanics Whatarethediverseformatsofpublics’participationdevelopedthroughouttheyearsaccordingtothedifferentauthorswithinthefield? Howcancontemporarytechnologicaldevicesovercomepastdifficultiesinstudyingmoralpanic? 3. Publics’mediaparticipation:useofparticipatorymediabythepublictocontributetomoralpanics Researchfocusingonpublicsandsubalterncounter-publics(Fraser2005)helpevaluatethechangesintroducedbytheparticipatorymedia.PublicsnowhavetheopportunitytousetheInternettoproduce,disseminateandreceiveinformation,regardlessoflegitimateinstitutionssuchasnewsoutlets,inadditiontohavingthepossibilityofcommunicatingbeyondtheirimmediatecirclesthroughdigitalsocialnetworks(Fuchs2013).Theseevolutionsofthebordersofthepublicsphererenewsthemannersinwhichidentification,ownershipandprotestofdefinitionsofpublicproblemscanberendered,onascalethatexceedsinterpersonalrelationships(Klocke,Muschert2013)andletsdissonantvoicesenterpublicdebates(Ungar2001).Ifpublicizingopinionsdonotgohandinhandwiththeirvisibilitytowideaudiences(Boyd2008),theproliferationofInternet-relatedmediaarenas,however,increasestheresourcesavailabletocitizenstodisseminatetheiropinions,andthereby,totrytoinfluencethedefinitionofsocialproblemsthatareatthecenterofpublicdebates.Thispossibilityrepresentsamajorchangewithrespecttothelegitimationor,conversely,thechallengeofsocialorder. Thisthirdaxiscouldcallforproposalsofsuchnature: Howcanthecoproductionofmoralpanic, via mediaparticipation,befinelyanalyzedtodocumenthowindividuals,throughtheirrelationallinks,maintainandpropagatemoralpanic? Howdoesthismediaparticipationinterferewiththedefinitionofsocialproblems? Do“newmediasystemsandforms(‘mediascapes’)andmodernsocialmovements[whichtakeadvantageofthisnewsetting]obstructtheeffortsofconventionalmediaorpressuregroupstocreatefolkdevils”asCritcherputsit(2008)? Giventhatvoicingopinionsinthepublicdebateisinsufficienttoco-produceperceptionoftheproblematstakeandpublicpoliciesthatfollow,doesthebroadeningofthespherepublicleadtoincreasingcounter-opinionsand/oranewerainwhichthesecounter-opinionsaretakenintoaccountmore?Ifso,howdotheyinterplayintheproductionofmoralpanics,andultimatelyintheconstructionofpublicproblems? HowdoestheuseofICTrenewformsofregulation? Doesthepublicnowhavenewresourcesandexpertisetodefinetheobjectofthepanicviatheirmediacontributions? 4. Effectsofmoralpanicsonsocialnetworks Theincreasedmediatizationofsocialrelationshascontributedtothetransformationofwaystoweaveandmaintainsocialrelationships(Wellman2001).NewtechnicaldevicesandthewidespreaduseoftheInternetcanthusbeconceivedasavectorplayinganactiveroleintheevolutionofrelationalstructures.TheInternetandtheaccesstopublicexpressionthatitallowscanbegraspedasameanstofacilitatetheformationofsocialgroupsunitedaroundacommonareaofinterest.TheemergenceofverylargesocialnetworksontheInternetcanhypotheticallypowercollectivedynamics,suchassocialmovements,whichmayforgethecontoursofpublicproblems.Byprovidingnewmediaarenasandforumsforexpression,theInternetalsofacilitatestheconstitutionofcounter-hegemonic,subversiveandoppositionalsocialmovements(Paton2015).Inthisrespect,sociotechnicalinnovationsbringalongtheirshareofpoliticalissues.However,morethangeneratingnewsocialties,participatorymediaareprimarilycommunicationtoolsallowingonetomaintainanetworkofrelationshipsanddevelopcommunicationwithone’scontacts(Itoetal.2008).Thischangeintheorganizationofsocialrelationsislinkedtothewayindividualshaveinrecentyearsbeenactivelytakingpartin“socialnetworksites”(SNS)suchasFacebook,TwitterorTumblr,thatpromotedialoguewithinandbetweennetworksofrelationships. ThisaxisencouragesbetterknowledgeoftheICT-socialnetworksdialectictoexploretheeffectofonlineparticipationinmoralpaniconrelationalstructuresatanindividualandcollectivelevel,byconsideringinparticulartheinclusionoftheprivatesphereinpoliticaldebatesonline. Potentialareasofinterestofthisfourthaxiscouldbe: Whataretheeffectsofparticipationinmoralpaniconbothcivicassociations(i.e.relationaldynamicsbetweenordinarycitizens)anditseffectsonpersonalsocialnetworks?Doesparticipationleadtothecreationofnewsocialties,ortheseveranceofexistingrelationships?Aretheystrengthenedortested?Whichrelationshipsareconcerned? Whatinfluencedoacquaintanceshaveonline/offlineintermsofengagementinacollectivemovement(e.g.demonstratingwithcloserelationswithwhomwehavediscussedthissocialissueand(re)madecontactviaadigitalsocialnetwork)? Howdotheseformsofmediaparticipationaffectthosestigmatizedbyacontroversialsubject? 5.  Spatiotemporalscalesofmoralpanicinregardstothecirculationofcontent,objectsandpeople Themoralpanicsscalescouldalsobeadjusted.Moralpanicsdonotemergeunscathedfromtheconvergenceofmedia:theyarenolongerconfinedtoalocalorevenanationalsphere;somemoralpanicsaffectdistantterritoriesfromwheretheyoriginatedandmutateintoatransnationalphenomena(seeCritcher).Tocomplicatematters,themultiplicationofmediascapesdensifiesthesitesfromwhichmoralpanicscanemergeand/orbesustained.Inasimilarmannertothesespatialissues,moralpanicsarenotrestrainttoatighttemporality,whichwouldimplylinearphenomenawithabeginningandaneasilyidentifiableend(Thomson1998).Theyhavea"heritage"qualitytothem(Critcher2003):mediadiscoursecirculatesthroughoutthelayersofsocietyandfeedtherepertoireofcollectiveactionlongaftertheinitialdepartingpoint.Moralpanicshavelong-termeffectswithpossibletiestoothersocialproblems.Inregardstothesedifferentconsiderations,moralpanicsshouldbeputintoperspectivewithflowsofglobalmobility.Additionalemphasisshouldhighlightthewaysinwhichmediacontentoverflowsboundariesandredefinesspatiotemporalscales(Frau-Meigs2010). Howshould(orhas)publicdebatesthataccompanymoralpanicsintheeraoftheglobalizationofsocialprocessesbe(en)studied? Howshouldthedifferentlevelsoftheproductionofpanicsbeunderstoodwhentheyarelikelytospreadfromalocaldimension,toanationalorinternationalone,andviceversa,andthusfeedonspatiallydistantcontributions,butalsospreadbeyondspecificsites? Inshort,howtoaccountforthemobilityofmoralpanics,whetherspatialand/ortemporal,beaccountedfor,notablyonamethodologicallevel? Howcanthemultiplicationofsitesofproductionofmoralpanicsbeunderstood,throughmediascapesthatcanhavedifferentlegitimacy? 6. Renewaloftheaccessibilitytofieldsandthemethodologiestocaptureclassicalobjectsofmoralpanic Thedevelopmentofmethodologicaltoolsandtherenewedaccesstothefieldsofenquiryinrelationshiptotheadventparticipatorymediadeservetobeexamined.Thesetransformationsofthemethodologicallandscapeareenhancedbynewpossibilitiestocapturetheexpressionofmoralpanics. Themedia,inadditiontothefactthattheyareobjectsofanalysisregardingtheirmediation,arealsoanexcellentmethodologicaltoolinthattheyallowonetoobserveotherwiseinaccessiblefieldsofsocialsciences.Forexample,itisnowpossibletofollowhowthepublicreceive,share,spreadopinions,justasitispossibletoquestionpeople’sfears,objections,andclaimsconcerningamoraldilemmaonverylargescales.Thisaccesstopublicopinionisfeasiblewithoutconductingface-to-faceinterviewsorusingsecondarysourcessuchasnewsoutlets.Theaccumulationoftracesfromusers’Internetactivitiesconstitutesaplatformtoobservethecontentproduced,andtheinteractionsthusengaged.Thisrenewedaccesstofieldsofenquirycouldbe,forexample,anopportunitytobetterunderstandhowmoralpanicsaffectthepublicandleadthemtochangetheirmediapracticesandthesignstheyarbortosignifytheiridentity(Casillietal.2012;Paton2015). Also,recentmethodologicalcontributionsrelatedtonewtechniquesofdatacollection(e.g.datamining,topicdetectionandtracking,etc.)intheareassuchasDigitalHumanitiesinvitesonetorevisitmoralpanictheoriesastheyprovidenewopportunitiesofresearch.Theseinnovationsmayshedadifferentlightonpreviousapproachestomoralpanics. Thisaxisinvitesproposalsthateitherillustrateaccesstooldobjectsofmoralpanicinanewmanner. 7. Towardstheconsolidationandextensionofthenotionofmoralpanic? Regardingthediversesociotechnicalevolutionsdiscussedupuntilnow,thenotionofmoralpaniccouldbeinneedofimprovement,withrespecttothedialectic“participatorymedia”–“moralpanic”,toconsolidatemedia’srole,extendthescopeofmediaimpliedbythetermandhighlightpublics’roleviamediaparticipation. Howcanthisnotionnowbeunderstoodafterthemedialandscapehasbeenaffectedbysuchin-depthtransformations? Atthesametime,whatarethelimitsofthe“participation”notion? Iftherearemorecontributorsinvolvedinpublicdebates,givenfacilitatedaccesstothepublicsphere,doesthemultiplicationofthesevoicesimpactthenotionofmoralpanics? Howdoesparticipatorymediachangeformatsofparticipation? Howcanwedeveloptransmediaanalysis/theoreticalmodelsofmoralpanicsthattakeintoaccountallthedifferentmediums(TV,web2.0,Smartphones,etc.)? Thispanelcreatesanopportunityforcolleaguestopresenttheirpapers,tomeetfacetofaceandtoexamineourcommonthemeinaninteractiveenvironment.Theaimistopromotelivelydialogueamongexpertsandtoofferavenueforafruitfulandsatisfyingdiscussiononhowwetheorizemoralpanicsandparticipatorymedia. Guidelinessubmission ThedeadlinetoproposeapanelattheconferenceisMarch2nd2015. Therefore,ifyouwouldliketoparticipateintheSocialMediaandSocietyConference,pleasesendusthedetailsoftheauthors/participantsandabriefabstractof150-200words byFebruary26atthelatest, knowingthatatthislevelGlennW.MuschertandIwillactascientificcommittee.Pleasesimultaneouslye-mailGlennMuschertatmuschegw@MiamiOH.eduandNathaliePatonatnathalie.paton@gmail.com.Youwillbeinformedshortlyafterifyourabstracthasbeenselectedaspartofthepanelproposal.Ultimately,thescientificcommitteeoftheconference,composedofAnatoliyGruzd,BarryWellman,PhilipH.MaiandJennaJacobson,acceptorrejectthepanelproposalandallselectedcandidateswillofcoursebeinformedofthisdecisionasap. WefeelimportanttopointoutthatcontributiontotheSocialMediaandSocietyConferencepaneldoesnotimply,noriscontingentupon,finalacceptanceofapaperfortheproposedvolumeonparticipatorymediaandmoralpanic.WhiletheSocialMediaandSocietyConferencepanelandtheplannedvolumemaycomplementoneanother,theyarenonethelessseparateprojects.Acceptanceforpublicationintheeditedvolumewillrequiresuccessfulpeerandeditorialreviewpriortopublication.Wementionthissimplytoavoidpotentialconfusion. Pleasefeelfreetocontactusifyouhaveanyquestionsorconcerns.Also,pleasefeelwelcometopostthiscallforabstractswidelyandtoforwardittointerestedcolleaguesandstudents. Catégories Sociologie(Catégorieprincipale) EspritetLangage>Information Sociétés>Étudesdupolitique Lieux Toronto,Canada Dates jeudi26février2015 Fichiersattachés CallforAbstracts-ParticipatoryMedia&MoralPanic.docx Mots-clés participatorymedia,moralpanic,Internet,ICT,moralregulation,contagion,socialnetwork,participationmédiatique,paniquemorale,régulation,réseausocial Contacts NathaliePatoncourriel:nathalie[dot]paton[at]gmail[dot]com GlennMuschertcourriel:muschegw[at]MiamiOH[dot]edu Sourcedel'information NathaliePatoncourriel:nathalie[dot]paton[at]gmail[dot]com Pourcitercetteannonce «ParticipatoryMediaandMoralPanic»,Appelàcontribution,Calenda,Publiélejeudi12février2015,https://calenda.org/317291 ImprimerSignalercedocument Archivercetteannonce Revues.org Plandusite|Quisommes-nous?|Suggérerunévénement|Crédits|Mentionslégales|Foireauxquestions|FluxdeCalenda|Accèsréservé Signalerunproblème|Politiquedeconfidentialité|Gestiondescookies|Accessibilité:nonconforme ISSNélectronique2107-5646 RechercherdansOpenEditionSearch VousallezêtreredirigéversOpenEditionSearch DanstoutOpenEdition DansCalenda Rechercher Français Português English Deutsch Español Partager Facebook Twitter Google+ "> Calendrierdesscienceshumainesetsociales Accueil Chercherdansles49376événements SuggérerunévénementOpenEditionSearch ToutOpenEdition Français Português English Deutsch EspañolPortailderessourcesélectroniquesenscienceshumainesetsocialesOpenEditionNosplateformesOpenEditionBooksOpenEditionJournalsHypothesesCalendaBibliothèquesetinstitutionsOpenEditionFreemiumNosservicesOpenEditionSearchLalettred'OpenEditionSuivez-nous OpenEditionBooks Calenda Hypothèses OpenEditionJournals OpenEdition OpenEditionSearch