Anaerobic Respiration | BioNinja

Anaerobic cell respiration gives a small yield of ATP from glucose AND Lactate production in humans when anaerobic respiration is used to maximise the power ... BrentCornell SiteNavigation[Skip] Home CourseOutline Assessment PSOW CommandTerms StandardLevel 1:CellBiology 1.CellIntroduction 2.CellStructure 3.MembraneStructure 4.MembraneTransport 5.OriginofCells 6.CellDivision 2:MolecularBiology 1.MetabolicMolecules 2.Water 3.Carbohydrate&Lipid 4.Protein 5.Enzymes 6.DNA/RNAStructure 7.DNA⇒Protein 8.CellRespiration 9.Photosynthesis 3:Genetics 1.Genes 2.Chromosomes 3.Meiosis 4.Inheritance 5.GeneticModification 4:Ecology 1.Species&Ecosystems 2.EnergyFlow 3.CarbonCycling 4.ClimateChange 5:Evolution 1.EvolutionEvidence 2.NaturalSelection 3.Classification 4.Cladistics 6:HumanPhysiology 1.Digestion 2.TheBloodSystem 3.DiseaseDefences 4.GasExchange 5.Neurons&Synapses 6.Homeostasis HigherLevel 7:NucleicAcids 1.DNAStructure 2.Transcription 3.Translation 8:Metabolism 1.Metabolism 2.CellRespiration 3.Photosynthesis 9:PlantBiology 1.XylemTransport 2.PhloemTransport 3.PlantGrowth 4.PlantReproduction 10:Genetics 1.Meiosis 2.Inheritance 3.Speciation 11:AnimalPhysiology 1.AntibodyProduction 2.Movement 3.TheKidney 4.SexualReproduction Options A:Neurobiology A1NeuralDevelopment A2TheHumanBrain A3Perception A4Behaviour A5Pharmacology A6Ethology B:Biotechnology B1Microbiology B2Agriculture B3Environment B4Medicine B5Bioinformatics C:Ecology C1Communities C2Ecosystems C3HumanImpacts C4Conservation C5PopulationEcology C6NitrogenCycle D:HumanPhysiology D1HumanNutrition D2Digestion D3LiverFunctions D4TheHeart D5Hormones D6GasTransport AdditionalResources LearningModules SummaryPDFs BioNinjaApp Referencing Mascot Sidebar[Skip] AnaerobicRespiration Previous Next List Understanding:• AnaerobiccellrespirationgivesasmallyieldofATPfromglucose    Bothanaerobicandaerobicrespirationpathwaysbeginwiththeanaerobicbreakdownofglucose inthecytosol byglycolysisGlycolysisbreaksdownglucose(6-C)intotwomoleculesofpyruvate(3C),andalsoproduces:Hydrogencarriers(NADH)fromanoxidisedprecursor(NAD+)AsmallyieldofATP(netgainof2molecules)OverviewofGlycolysis AnaerobicRespirationAnaerobicrespirationproceedsintheabsenceofoxygenanddoesnotresultintheproductionofanyfurtherATPmoleculesInanimals,thepyruvateisconvertedintolacticacid(orlactate)Inplantsandyeasts,thepyruvateisconvertedintoethanolandcarbondioxide ThepurposeofanaerobicrespirationistorestorestocksofNAD+–asthismoleculeisneededforglycolysisByrestoringstocksofNAD+viaanaerobicpathways,theorganismcancontinuetoproduceATPviaglycolysisTheconversionofpyruvateintolacticacid(animals)orethanolandCO2(plants/yeasts)isreversibleHence,pyruvatelevelscanberestoredonceoxygenispresentandagreateryieldofATPmaybeproducedaerobicallySummaryofAnaerobicRespiration Application:• Lactateproductioninhumanswhenanaerobicrespirationisusedtomaximisethepowerofmusclecontractions    MusclecontractionsrequiretheexpenditureofhighamountsofenergyandthusrequirehighlevelsofATPWhenexercisingathighintensity,thecells’ energydemandswillexceedwhattheavailablelevelsofO2cansupplyaerobicallyHencethebodywillbeginbreakingdownglucoseanaerobicallytomaximiseATPproductionThiswillresultinanincreaseintheproductionoflacticacid,whichleadstomusclefatigueWhentheindividualstopsexercising,oxygenlevelswillincreaseandlactatewillbeconvertedbacktopyruvateAlthoughcarbohydrates,lipidsandproteinscanallbeconsumedasenergysources,onlycarbohydrateswilltypicallyundergoanaerobicrespiration TheEffectofExerciseIntensityonCarbohydrateConsumption(andLactateProduction) TheabovegraphdemonstrateshowtheconditionsofcellrespirationchangewithincreasingenergydemandAthighintensities,theaerobicconsumptionoffatsisdecreasedwhiletheanaerobicconsumptionofsugarsincreasesConsequently,lactatelevelswillincreaseathigherlevelsofexerciseintensity [BackToTop]