UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) - SPARQtools

Developed by psychologist Daniel Russell (1996), the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3) is a 20-item measure that assesses how often a person ... Skiptocontent Menu Searchform Searchterm Toolkits AreYouReadytoTalk? BeyondtheLine BlockingGenderBias EdgyVeggies First-GenAscend FishbowlDiscussions MeasuringMobility PeacefulPolitics PlottheMeYouWanttoBe RaceWorks RethinkingStress SpaceReface TeamUpAgainstPrejudice UnitedStatesofImmigrants KitCompanion:MapYourIdentities KitCompanion:LARA Collections HigherEdDiversityandInclusion ActionAreas CriminalJustice EconomicMobility Education Health About UCLALonelinessScale(Version3) 2018-06-264:03pm MeasuringMobilityToolkit>MeasureSelector>UCLALonelinessScale(Version3) UCLALonelinessScale(Version3) Factor:BeingValuedinCommunity Age:Teen,Adult Duration:3-5minutes ReadingLevel:6th-8thgrade What DevelopedbypsychologistDanielRussell(1996),theUCLALonelinessScale(Version3)isa20-itemmeasurethatassesseshowoftenapersonfeelsdisconnectedfromothers. Who Researchershaveusedthismeasurewithmanydifferentgroups,includinghomelessyouth(Kidd,2007),teenmothers(Barth,Schinke,&Maxwell,1983),andLatinoimmigrantslivingonalowincome(DeLiema,Gassoumis,Homier,&Wilber,2012). How INSTRUCTIONS Usinga4-pointratingscale(1=never;4=always),participantsanswer20questions,suchas“Howoftendoyoufeelleftout?”and“Howoftendoyoufeelpartofagroupoffriends?”Researcherslaterreverse-codethepositivelywordeditemssothathighvaluesmeanmoreloneliness,andthencalculateascoreforeachrespondentbyaveragingtheirratings. RESPONSEFORMAT 1=never;2=rarely;3=sometimes;4=always. MeasureinGoogleDocs AllSurveyQuestions Howoftendoyoufeelthatyouare“intune”withthepeoplearoundyou? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyoulackcompanionship? Howoftendoyoufeelthatthereisnooneyoucanturnto? Howoftendoyoufeelalone? Howoftendoyoufeelpartofagroupoffriends? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyouhavealotincommonwiththepeoplearoundyou? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyouarenolongerclosetoanyone? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyourinterestsandideasarenotsharedbythosearoundyou? Howoftendoyoufeeloutgoingandfriendly? Howoftendoyoufeelclosetopeople? Howoftendoyoufeelleftout? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyourrelationshipswithothersarenotmeaningful? Howoftendoyoufeelthatnoonereallyknowsyouwell? Howoftendoyoufeelisolatedfromothers? Howoftendoyoufeelthatyoucanfindcompanionshipwhenyouwantit? Howoftendoyoufeelthattherearepeoplewhoreallyunderstandyou? Howoftendoyoufeelshy? Howoftendoyoufeelthatpeoplearearoundyoubutnotwithyou? Howoftendoyoufeelthattherearepeopleyoucantalkto? Howoftendoyoufeelthattherearepeopleyoucanturnto? WhyItMatters StudiesshowthatpeoplewhohavehighscoresontheUCLALonelinessScaletendtohavetroubleinotherareasrelatedtosocialmobility.Forinstance,peoplewithhigherlonelinessscoreshaveworsefriendshipsandromanticrelationshipsthandopeoplewithlowerscores(Russelletal.,1994).Otherstudiessuggestthatpoorrelationshipscanbebothacauseandaneffectofpoverty(Conger,Conger,&Martin,2010). Lonelinessisalsorelatedtojobburnout(Russell,1996),chronicillnesses(Russell,1996),physicalinactivity(Hawkley,Thisted,&Cacioppo,2009),andearlydeath(Holt-Lunstadetal.,2015).Employmentandhealthproblems,inturn,hindersocialmobility(Halleröd&Gustafsson,2011). Inaddition,astudyintheUnitedStatesfoundthathavingagoodbalanceofsleep,work,timewithfamilyandfriends,and“metime”isconnectedtobeinglesslonely(Cigna,2018).Yetbalancingsleep,work,asociallife,andpersonaltimeismoredifficultforpeopleinpoverty(Adler&Newman,2002).Andsolonelinessmaybothresultfrombeinginpovertyandmakeithardertogetoutofpoverty. HEADSUP ResearchershaveusedtheUCLALonelinessScaleinlargesurveystudiesthatincludepeopleinpoverty.Butwithoutcarefulexperiments,researcherscannottellforsurewhetherpovertycausesloneliness,lonelinesscausespoverty,orsomethirdforce(suchasaphysicaldisability)causesboth.Nevertheless,high-qualitystudiessuggestthatallthesecausalrelationshipsarelikelyatplay. References Adler,N.E.,&Newman,K.(2002).Socioeconomicdisparitiesinhealth:Pathwaysandpolicies.HealthAffairs,21(2),60-76. Barth,R.P.,Schinke,S.P.,&Maxwell,J.S.(1983).Psychologicalcorrelatesofteenagemotherhood.JournalofYouthandAdolescence,12(6),471-487. Cigna.(2018).CignaU.S.lonelinessindex:Surveyof20,000AmericansexaminingbehaviorsdrivinglonelinessintheUnitedStates.Retrievedfrom:https://www.multivu.com/players/English/8294451-cigna-us-loneliness-survey/ Conger,R.D.,Conger,K.J.,&Martin,M.J.(2010).Socioeconomicstatus,familyprocesses,andindividualdevelopment.JournalofMarriageandFamily,72(3),685-704. DeLiema,M.,Gassoumis,Z.D.,Homeier,D.C.,&Wilber,K.H.(2012).Determiningprevalenceandcorrelatesofelderabuseusingpromotores:Low‐incomeimmigrantLatinosreporthighratesofabuseandneglect.JournaloftheAmericanGeriatricsSociety,60(7),1333-1339. Halleröd,B.,&Gustafsson,J.E.(2011).Alongitudinalanalysisoftherelationshipbetweenchangesinsocio-economicstatusandchangesinhealth.SocialScience&Medicine,72(1),116-123. Hawkley,L.C.,Thisted,R.A.,&Cacioppo,J.T.(2009).Lonelinesspredictsreducedphysicalactivity:Cross-sectional&longitudinalanalyses.HealthPsychology,28(3),354-363. Holt-Lunstad,J.,Smith,T.B.,Baker,M.,Harris,T.,&Stephenson,D.(2015).Lonelinessandsocialisolationasriskfactorsformortality:Ameta-analyticreview.PerspectivesonPsychologicalScience,10(2),227-237. Kidd,S.A.(2007).Youthhomelessnessandsocialstigma.JournalofYouthandAdolescence,36(3),291-299. Russell,D.W.(1996).UCLALonelinessScale(Version3):Reliability,validity,andfactorstructure.JournalofPersonalityAssessment,66(1),20-40. Russell,D.,Cutrona,C.E.,Rose,J.,&Yurko,K.(1984).Socialandemotionalloneliness:anexaminationofWeiss’stypologyofloneliness.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,46(6),1313-1321. Postnavigation PreviouspostNewGeneralSelf-EfficacyScale NextpostHierarchicalMappingTechnique