The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory of Intelligence | AIM

It has been proposed that the Cattell-Horn-Carroll Theory of Intelligence includes between 10-12 broad intellectual or cognitive abilities, which are each ... [email protected] HomeTheAIQServicesBeyondSportsScienceMediaAboutUsContact TheAIQScienceTheCattell-Horn-Carroll(CHC)TheoryofIntelligenceTheAIQisbasedonthefundamentalprinciplesoftheCattell-Horn-Carroll(CHC)theoryofintelligence.Thistheoryhasbeenwidelyinvestigatedandappliedinvariousfields.NeurocognitiveresearchhasprovidedstrongevidenceforthestructureofCHCtheoryanddevelopmentalresearchhasfurtherestablishedthatthefactorstructureoftheCHCtheoryremainsconstantthroughoutthelifespan.Perhapsmostnotably,CHCtheoryhasservedasafoundationforsignificantrevisionsmadetobothintelligencetestsandacademicachievementtests.Forinstance,areviewofchangesmadeincurrentversionsofthemostcommonlyusedintelligencetests(e.g.,WechslerIntelligenceScalesforChildren,5thEdition)revealstheadditionofmeasurestappingabilitiesemphasizedinCHCtheory. PreviousresearchhasestablishedcorrelationsbetweenspecificCHCabilitiesandoccupationalsuccessinawiderangeofoccupations(e.g.,architect,pilot,lawyer,accountant,etc.).Todate,however,CHCtheoryhasnotbeenappliedtothemeasurementofmentalabilitiesandprocessesconsideredessentialineliteathletes.Oneofthebenefitsofapplyingthistheorytothedomainofsportsisthatitprovidesastandardlanguagethatresearchers,theorists,coaches,andathletescanusetodiscussthecognitivestrengthsandweaknessesofathletes.Evenmoreimportantly,however,isthatbyusingCHCtheoryasaframework,thereisanexistingevidencebaseforconclusionsdrawnaboutathletes’specificcognitivestrengthsandweaknesses.Therefore,theseconclusionscanbedrawnwithconfidence.Forinstance,researchintoCHCabilitieshasdemonstratedthatindividualswithstrongvisualspatialprocessingskillsaremorelikelytobesuccessfulaspilotsorengineers(Lohman,1994;Dawis,1994).Inasimilarway,individualswithmoreaccumulatedverbalknowledge(i.e.,CrystallizedIntelligence)arelikelytoexperiencegreatersuccessasprofessors,scientists,andlawyers(Gardner,1994:Ackerman&Heddestad,1997). IthasbeenproposedthattheCattell-Horn-CarrollTheoryofIntelligenceincludesbetween10-12broadintellectualorcognitiveabilities,whichareeachcomprisedofseveralnarrowabilities.TheinterestedreadermayrefertoFlanagan,Ortiz,Alfonso,&Mascolo(2006)formoredetails.BasedontheCattell-Horn-Carrolltheoryofintelligence,therearespecificintellectualabilitiesdirectlyrelatedtoathleticperformanceinrealgamesituations.TheCHCabilitiesmeasuredbytheAIQdonotincludeverbalability,readingcomprehension,ormathematicalskills,whicharemeasuredbytheWonderlicTest.ThesetypesofabilitieswerenotincludedintheAIQbecausetheyhavenotbeenshowntorelatetoathleticperformance(Mirabile,2005). Researchopportunities TheAIQiscurrentlybeingusedasareliableandvalidmeasureofsportspecificcognitiveabilitiesinseveralongoingresearchstudies(e.g.,NBA,NFL,etc.). ContinuedandfutureresearchtopicsincludeProBowl/AllStars,injuryprevention,arrestrates,careerlongevity,sleep,stress,performance,international,crossculturalassessment,andyouth. TheAIQisalsoavailablefornovelresearchtopics/ideas.  References Bowman,JK,Boone,RT,Goldman,S,Auerbach,A.(2021)Theathleticintelligencequotientandperformanceoutcomesinprofessionalbaseball.FrontiersinPsychology,3(5). Bowman,JK,BooneRT,ZaichkowskyL,GoldmanS,AuerbachA.(2020).Theathleticintelligencequotientandperformanceinthenationalfootballleague.SportExerciseMedOpenJ.2020;6(2):39-50. Ackerman,P.L.&Heggestad,E.D.(1997).Intelligence,personality,andinterests:Evidenceforoverlappingtraits.PsychologicalBulletin.121(2),219-245. Dawis,R.V.(1994).Occupations.InR.J.Sternberg(Ed.),Encyclopediaofhumanintelligence(pp.781-785).NewYork:Macmillan. Flanagan,D.,Ortiz,S.,Alfonso,V.,&Mascolo,J.(2006).Theachievementtestdeskreference:aguidetolearningdisabilityidentification(2nded.).JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Hoboken,NewJersey. Gardner,H.(1994).Multipleintelligencestheory.InR.J.Sternberg(Ed.),Encyclopediaofhumanintelligence(pp.740-742).NewYork,Macmillan. Lohman,D.F.(1994).Spatialability.InR.J.Sternberg(Ed.),Encyclopediaofhumanintelligence(pp.1000-1007).NewYork:Macmillan. Mirabile,M.P.(2005).Intelligenceandfootball:testingfordifferentialsincollegiatequarterbackpasserperformanceandNFLcompensation.TheSportJournal.8(2).Summer,2005. Murphy,M.(2016).HeadsUpPlay.Training&Conditioning.Ithaca,NY. Goldman,Thornton,Zaichkowsky,&McCoy(2015).Scienceovertradition:Thenewedgeinsports.ProceedingsattheSouthBySouthwest:Interactive/SportsConference.Austin,TX. Goldman,S.(2015).ScienceOverTradition:KeynoteSpeaker.ProceedingsatOwnthePodiumSportInnovationSummit,Toronto,ON Goldman,S.(2015).AthleticIntelligence:Workshop.ProceedingsatOwnthePodiumSportInnovationSummit,Toronto,ON Goldman,S.,Bowman,J.,&Auerbach,A(2014).AthleticIntelligence.NCAASportScienceInstitute Newsletter,Vol2,Issue6.http://www.ncaa.org/health-and-safety/athletic-intelligence Goldman,S.,Bowman,J.,Athey,A.,Sullivan,J,&Zaichowsky,L.(2013).SportPsychology2.0:Mergingpsychology,neuroscience,andtechnology.ProceedingsattheAnnualAssociationforAppliedSportPsychology,NewOrleans,LA. TheAIQTeamsfromtheseleaguesareusingtheAIQ