概率幅

的在量子力学里，概率幅，又称为量子幅（英语：Probability amplitude），是一个描述粒子的量子行为的复数量。

事实上是表示初始量子态（ ψ i {\displaystyle \psi ... Forfasternavigation,thisIframeispreloadingtheWikiwandpagefor機率幅. 機率幅 Connectedto: {{::readMoreArticle.title}} 維基百科，自由的百科全書 的在量子力學裏，機率幅，又稱為量子幅（英語：Probabilityamplitude），是一個描述粒子的量子行為的複數量。

事實上是表示初始量子態（ ψ i {\displaystyle\psi_{i)) ）和終末量子態( ψ f {\displaystyle\psi_{f)) )的兩個希爾伯特向量的內積（ < ψ f , ψ i > {\displaystyle} ）；而這個機率幅的絕對值平方就是與從狀態 ψ i {\displaystyle\psi_{i)) 躍遷到狀態 ψ f {\displaystyle\psi_{f)) 的機率 P {\displaystyleP} ： P = | < ψ f , ψ i > | 2 {\displaystyleP={\left|\right|}^{2)) 非相對論量子力學 在不可考慮狹義相對論的狀況下，物理上假設微觀粒子的純態都可以用波函數代表，而在種情況下，若 ψ : R 3 → C {\displaystyle\psi:\mathbb{R}^{3}\to\mathbb{C}} 和 ϕ : R 3 → C {\displaystyle\phi:\mathbb{R}^{3}\to\mathbb{C}} 各為兩個表純態的平方可積波函數，那這樣兩者間的機率幅就是： < ψ , ϕ >= ∫ R 3 ψ ⋅ ϕ ¯ d 3 x {\displaystyle=\int_{\mathbb{R}^{3))\psi\cdot{\bar{\phi))\,d^{3}x} 注譯 參閱 機率流 薛丁格方程 量子態 玻恩定則 分類 分類：​量子力學基本物理概念 {{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}} ThispageisbasedonaWikipediaarticlewrittenby contributors(read/edit). Textisavailableunderthe CCBY-SA4.0license;additionaltermsmayapply. Images,videosandaudioareavailableundertheirrespectivelicenses. Coverphotoisavailableunder{{::mainImage.info.license.name||'Unknown'}}license. Coverphotoisavailableunder{{::mainImage.info.license.name||'Unknown'}}license. Credit: (seeoriginalfile). 機率幅 Introduction 非相對論量子力學 注譯 參閱 {{current.index+1}}of{{items.length}} Date:{{current.info.dateOriginal||'Unknown'}} Date:{{(current.info.date|date:'mediumDate')||'Unknown'}} Credit: Uploadedby:{{current.info.uploadUser}}on{{current.info.uploadDate|date:'mediumDate'}} License:{{current.info.license.usageTerms||current.info.license.name||current.info.license.detected||'Unknown'}} License:{{current.info.license.usageTerms||current.info.license.name||current.info.license.detected||'Unknown'}} ViewfileonWikipedia Suggestascoverphoto Wouldyouliketosuggestthisphotoasthecoverphotoforthisarticle? Yes,thiswouldmakeagoodchoice No,nevermind Thankyouforhelping! Yourinputwillaffectcoverphotoselection,alongwithinputfromotherusers. Listentothisarticle Thanksforreportingthisvideo! {{result.lang}} {{result.T}} Nomatchingarticlesfound Searchforarticlescontaining:{{search.query}} ThisbrowserisnotsupportedbyWikiwand:(Wikiwandrequiresabrowserwithmoderncapabilitiesinordertoprovideyouwiththebestreadingexperience.Pleasedownloadanduseoneofthefollowingbrowsers: Chrome11+ Firefox4+ Safari6.1.2+ InternetExplorer10+ AnextensionyouusemaybepreventingWikiwandarticlesfromloadingproperly. Ifyou'reusingHTTPSEverywhereoryou'reunabletoaccessanyarticleonWikiwand,pleaseconsiderswitchingtoHTTPS(https://www.wikiwand.com). SwitchWikiwandtoHTTPS AnextensionyouusemaybepreventingWikiwandarticlesfromloadingproperly. IfyouareusinganAd-Blocker,itmighthavemistakenlyblockedourcontent. YouwillneedtotemporarilydisableyourAd-blockertoviewthispage. ✕ Thisarticlewasjustedited,clicktoreload ThisarticlehasbeendeletedonWikipedia(Why?) Backtohomepage PleaseclickAddinthedialogabove PleaseclickAllowinthetop-leftcorner,thenclickInstallNowinthedialog PleaseclickOpeninthedownloaddialog,thenclickInstall Pleaseclickthe"Downloads"iconintheSafaritoolbar,openthefirstdownloadinthelist,thenclickInstall {{::$root.activation.text}} InstallWikiwand InstallonChrome InstallonFirefox Don'tforgettorateus TellyourfriendsaboutWikiwand! Gmail Facebook Twitter Link EnjoyingWikiwand? Tellyourfriendsandspreadthelove: ShareonGmail ShareonFacebook ShareonTwitter ShareonBuffer {{::lang.langAbbreviation}} {{::lang.langEnglishName}}-{{::lang.langNativeName}} Yourpreferredlanguages {{::lang.NameEnglish}}-{{::lang.NameNative}} Alllanguages {{::lang.NameEnglish}}-{{::lang.NameNative}} FollowUs Don'tforgettorateus Ourmagicisn'tperfect Youcanhelpourautomaticcoverphotoselectionbyreportinganunsuitablephoto. Thisphotoisvisuallydisturbing Thisphotoisnotagoodchoice Thankyouforhelping! Yourinputwillaffectcoverphotoselection,alongwithinputfromotherusers. Ohno,there'sbeenanerror [email protected] Letusknowwhatyou'vedonethatcausedthiserror,whatbrowseryou'reusing,andwhetheryouhaveanyspecialextensions/add-onsinstalled. Thankyou!