What is brain-computer interface (BCI)? - TechTarget

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a collaboration between a brain and a device that enables signals from the brain to direct some external activity, ... Home Topics ITmanagement ITOperations brain-computerinterface(BCI) Sharethisitemwithyournetwork: By TechTargetContributor Brain-computerinterface(BCI)isacollaborationbetweenabrainandadevicethatenablessignalsfromthebraintodirectsomeexternalactivity,suchascontrolofacursororaprostheticlimb.Theinterfaceenablesadirectcommunicationspathwaybetweenthebrainandtheobjecttobecontrolled.Inthecaseofcursorcontrol,forexample,thesignalistransmitteddirectlyfromthebraintothemechanismdirectingthecursor,ratherthantakingthenormalroutethroughthebody'sneuromuscularsystemfromthebraintothefingeronamouse. Byreadingsignalsfromanarrayofneuronsandusingcomputerchipsandprogramstotranslatethesignalsintoaction,BCIcanenableapersonsufferingfromparalysistowriteabookorcontrolamotorizedwheelchairorprostheticlimbthroughthoughtalone.Currentbrain-interfacedevicesrequiredeliberateconsciousthought;somefutureapplications,suchasprostheticcontrol,arelikelytoworkeffortlessly.OneofthebiggestchallengesindevelopingBCItechnologyhasbeenthedevelopmentofelectrodedevicesand/orsurgicalmethodsthatareminimallyinvasive.InthetraditionalBCImodel,thebrainacceptsanimplantedmechanicaldeviceandcontrolsthedeviceasanaturalpartofitsrepresentationofthebody.Muchcurrentresearchisfocusedonthepotentialonnon-invasiveBCI. AttheEuropeanResearchandInnovationExhibitioninParisinJune2006,AmericanscientistPeterBrunnercomposedamessagesimplybyconcentratingonadisplay.Brunnerworeaclose-fitting(butcompletelyexternal)capfittedwithanumberofelectrodes.Electroencephalographic(EEG)activityfromBrunner'sbrainwaspickedupbythecap'selectrodesandtheinformationused,alongwithsoftware,toidentifyspecificlettersorcharactersforthemessage. TheBCIBrunnerdemonstratedisbasedonamethodcalledtheWadsworthsystem.LikeotherEEG-basedBCItechnologies,theWadsworthsystemusesadaptivealgorithmsandpattern-matchingtechniquestofacilitatecommunication.Bothuserandsoftwareareexpectedtoadaptandlearn,makingtheprocessmoreefficientwithpractice. Duringthepresentation,amessagewasdisplayedfromanAmericanneurobiologistwhousesthesystemtocontinueworking,despitesufferingfromamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(LouGehrig'sdisease).Althoughthescientistcannolongermoveevenhiseyes,hewasabletosendthefollowinge-mailmessage:"IamaneuroscientistwHo(sic)couldn'tworkwithoutBCI.IamwritingthiswithmyEEGcourtesyoftheWadsworthCenterBrain-ComputerInterfaceResearchProgram." DARPA,theindependentresearchbranchoftheU.S.DepartmentofDefensethathelpedfundtheInternet,isamongtheorganizationsfundingresearchintoBCI. ThiswaslastupdatedinMarch2011 ContinueReadingAboutbrain-computerinterface(BCI) JohnsHopkinsprovidesadocumentaboutBCIresearch. TheDiscoveryChannelreportsonnon-invasiveBCIresearch. AccordingtoaPhysorg.comarticle,'Mindovermatter'nolongersciencefiction. RelatedTerms algorithm Analgorithmisaprocedureusedforsolvingaproblemorperformingacomputation. 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