加州 大學洛杉磯分校 創 用 的孤獨 量表 UCLA Loneliness Scaleucla loneliness scale version 3 : reliability validity and factor structure

UCLA Loneliness Scale - Wikipedia

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The UCLA Loneliness Scale is a commonly-used measure of loneliness. It was originally released in 1978 as a 20-item scale. It has since been revised several ... UCLALonelinessScale FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Commonlyusedmeasureofloneliness TheUCLALonelinessScaleisacommonly-usedmeasureofloneliness.Itwasoriginallyreleasedin1978asa20-itemscale.Ithassincebeenrevisedseveraltimes,andshorterversionshavebeenintroducedforsituationswhere20questionsistoomuch,suchastelephonesurveys. Contents 1Examplesurveyitems 2History 3Prevalence 4Assessment 5References 6Externallinks Examplesurveyitems[edit] Theexactwordingoftheitems,andthewayarespondentisaskedtoratethem,canvarydependingonwhichversionisinuse.Theexamplebelowshowsthreeitemsfromthe1980revision(R-UCLA),whererespondentswereaskedtorateeachitemfromoneoffourchoices:'never','rarely','sometimes'or'often'. Item Never Rarely Sometimes Often Ilackcompanionship. 1 2 3 4 Noonereallyknowsmewell. 1 2 3 4 Iamanoutgoingperson.* 4 3 2 1 Oncetheanswersarecompleted,thenumbersassociatedwitheachratingaretotalleduptogivetheindividual'slonelinessscore.It'sconsideredbaddesigntomakealltheitemsnegativestatements,sosomearephrasedasapositive(markedwith'*'intheexampleabove.)Forapositiveitem,thescoreisreversed.Forexample,ifarespondentanswers'Often'to"Iamanoutgoingperson",thenratherthanthe4thatwouldnormallybeassignedforanswering'Often',itscoresasa1.[1][2] History[edit] Verylittlescientificstudyhadbeenconductedonlonelinessuntilthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury.Dozensofearlystudieswerecarriedoutinthe1960s,butwideracceptanceoftheirresultswerehamperedinpartbylimitationsoftheearlyscalesusedtomeasurehowlonelypeoplefelt.Someoftheseearlyscaleswerenoteveninternallyconsistent.TheUCLAscalewasdevelopedtoaddresstheselimitationsbyresearchersatUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles(UCLA).TheseresearchersincludedM.L.Ferguson,DanielRussellandLetitiaAnnePeplau.Theoriginalversionwaspublishedin1978asa20-itemscale.Initialevaluationofthescalefoundhighlevelsofinternalconsistencyandgoodscoresonothermeasuresofvalidity.TheUCLALonelinessScalewasthefirstlonelinessscaletoachievewidespreadacceptanceamongscientists.Ithassincebeenrevisedseveraltimes,includingin1980and1996.Shorterversionshavebeenreleasedforuseincaseswhereasking20questionswouldbetoomuch,suchasforshorttelephoneinterviewssuitabletobeundertakenforlargenumbersofpeople.Forexample,ULS-8,an8itemversion.[3][4][2][5][6] Prevalence[edit] Thescaleiswidelyusedinstudiesandsurveysonloneliness.A1992studyestimatedtheUCLALonelinessScalehadbeenusedinanestimated80%ofallempiricalstudiesonloneliness.[7]A2001metastudylookingat149studiesofloneliness,foundthattheUCLAscalewasusedin27%ofthestudies;thiswasfarmorethanforanyotherformalscale.[8] Asof2018,theUCLAscaleremainedthemostcommonly-usedunidimensionallonelinessscaleacrosstheworld.Insomeareasthough,suchascontinentalEurope,multi-dimensionalscaleslikeDeJongGierveld'sarenowmorewidelyused.[9][10] Assessment[edit] Especiallycomparedtoearlier(pre-1978)scales,theUCLAscalescoredhighlyinvarioustestsofitsvalidity,suchasinternalconsistency.[4][2]DeveloperDanielRussellhadhoweverexpressedconcernthatpublicationofthescalecouldskewresponses.[11] Thescalehasbeencriticisedforbeingunidimensional.Acommonviewamongresearchersandpractitionersinthelonelinessrelieffield,isthatinordertoproperlyunderstandandaddressloneliness,itisnecessarytobreakitdowntocomponentparts,atleasttothetopleveldivisionintosocial&emotionalloneliness.Forthisreason,someresearchersprefermultidimensionalscaleswhichgivesresultsfordifferenttypesofloneliness,suchastheDeJongGierveldscale,whichreportsseparatelyonsocialandemotionalloneliness,orSELSA,whichreportsonsocial,romantic,andfamilyloneliness.[9][2] References[edit] ^MaryElizabethHughes;LindaJ.Waite;LouiseC.Hawkley&JohnT.Cacioppo(2004)."AShortScaleforMeasuringLonelinessinLargeSurveys".ResearchonAging.24(6):655–672.doi:10.1177/0164027504268574.PMC 2394670.PMID 18504506. ^abcdKennethMCramer;JoanneEBarry(1999)."Conceptualizationsandmeasuresofloneliness:acomparisonofsubscales".PersonalityandIndividualDifferences.27(3):491–502.doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00257-8. ^Cutrona,Carolyn."UCLALonelinessScale".ArchivedfromtheoriginalonOctober22,2013.Retrieved21October2013. ^ab EugeneGarfield(3February1986)."TheLonelinessResearcherIsNotsoLonelyAnymore"(PDF).Essaysofaninformationscientist.UniversityofPennsylvania.Retrieved1March2020. ^ Shulevitz,Judith(13May2013)."TheLethalityofLoneliness".TheNewRepublic.ChrisHughes.Retrieved21October2013. ^Edmondson,Brad(Nov–Dec2010)."AlltheLonelyPeople".AARPtheMagazine.AmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons.Retrieved21October2013. ^Goossens,Luc;Klimstra,Theo;Luyckx,Koen;Vanhalst,Janne;Teppers,Eveline(2014-01-20)."ReliabilityandValidityoftheRobertsUCLALonelinessScale(RULS-8)WithDutch-SpeakingAdolescentsinBelgium".PsychologicaBelgica.54(1):5–18.doi:10.5334/pb.ae.ISSN 2054-670X. ^Pinquart,Martin&Sörensen,Silvia(2001)."InfluencesonLonelinessinOlderAdults:AMeta-Analysis".BasicandAppliedSocialPsychology.23(4):245–266.doi:10.1207/153248301753225702. ^abJavierYanguas;SacramentoPinazo-Henandis&FranciscoJoséTarazona-Santabalbina(2018)."Thecomplexityofloneliness".ActaBiomedica.89(2):302–314.doi:10.23750/abm.v89i2.7404.PMC 6179015.PMID 29957768.ThedJGLSscale,widelyusedinEuropeandlessintheAnglo-Saxoncountries,isaneleven-itemscalethatcombinesbothsocialandemotionalloneliness ^ShurongXu;DanQiu;JessicaHahne;MeiZhao&MiHu(2018)."Psychometricpropertiesoftheshort-formUCLALonelinessScale(ULS-8)amongChineseadolescents".Medicine.97(38):e12373.doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000012373.PMC 6160081.PMID 30235699. ^"Pressrelease:AARPTheMagazinesurveyonlonelinessusesscaledevelopedbyISUprofessors".IowaStateUniversity.December1,2010. Darling,Lynn"AARPTheMagazine:IsthereacureforLoneliness?"December2019/January2020 Externallinks[edit] UCLALonelinessScale(1996version) OnlineimplementationoftheRevisedUCLALonelinessScale,open-source. Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UCLA_Loneliness_Scale&oldid=1096918272" Categories:PsychologicaltestsandscalesHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidata Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Languages Addlinks

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