Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms

Put simply, Hirschman's work here attempts to better understand the dynamics that govern dissatisfied consumers, group members and citizens in their decisions ... Skiptomaincontent Exit,Voice,andLoyaltyandmillionsofotherbooksareavailableforAmazonKindle. Learnmore Books › Business&Money › BusinessCulture Rent$18.65 ListPrice:$30.00Save:$11.35(38%) GetFast,FreeShippingwithAmazonPrimeInStock. RentedfromApex_media🍏 FulfilledbyAmazon FulfillmentbyAmazon(FBA)isaserviceweoffersellersthatletsthemstoretheirproductsinAmazon'sfulfillmentcenters,andwedirectlypack,ship,andprovidecustomerservicefortheseproducts.Somethingwehopeyou'llespeciallyenjoy:FBAitemsqualifyforFREEShippingand.Ifyou'reaseller,FulfillmentbyAmazoncanhelpyougrowyourbusiness.Learnmoreabouttheprogram. 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FliptobackFliptofrontListenPlaying...Paused You'relisteningtoasampleoftheAudibleaudioedition.Learnmore Seeall3images FollowtheAuthorAlbertO.Hirschman+FollowSimilarauthorstofollow+ + + SeemorerecommendationsSomethingwentwrong.Pleasetryyourrequestagainlater.OK Exit,Voice,andLoyalty:ResponsestoDeclineinFirms,Organizations,andStatesPaperback–January1,1970 by AlbertO.Hirschman(Author)›VisitAmazon'sAlbertO.HirschmanPageFindallthebooks,readabouttheauthor,andmore.SeesearchresultsforthisauthorAlbertO.Hirschman (Author) 4.6outof5stars 100ratings SeeallformatsandeditionsSorry,therewasaproblemloadingthispage.Tryagain. PriceNewfromUsedfrom Kindle "Pleaseretry" $16.50 — — Hardcover "Pleaseretry" $88.88 — $88.88 Paperback "Pleaseretry" $24.15 $24.12$8.08 Kindle $16.50 ReadwithOurFreeApp Hardcover $88.88 2Usedfrom$88.88Paperback $24.15 22Usedfrom$8.0820Newfrom$24.121Collectiblefrom$53.99 Aninnovatorincontemporarythoughtoneconomicandpoliticaldevelopmentlookshereatdeclineratherthangrowth.AlbertO.Hirschmanmakesabasicdistinctionbetweenalternativewaysofreactingtodeteriorationinbusinessfirmsand,ingeneral,todissatisfactionwithorganizations:one,“exit,”isforthemembertoquittheorganizationorforthecustomertoswitchtothecompetingproduct,andtheother,“voice,”isformembersorcustomerstoagitateandexertinfluenceforchange“fromwithin.”Theefficiencyofthecompetitivemechanism,withitstotalrelianceonexit,isquestionedforcertainimportantsituations.Asexitoftenundercutsvoicewhilebeingunabletocounteractdecline,loyaltyisseeninthefunctionofretardingexitandofpermittingvoicetoplayitsproperrole.Theinterplayofthethreeconceptsturnsouttoilluminateawiderangeofeconomic,social,andpoliticalphenomena.Astheauthorstatesinthepreface,“havingfoundmyownunifyingwayoflookingatissuesasdiverseascompetitionandthetwo-partysystem,divorceandtheAmericancharacter,blackpowerandthefailureof‘unhappy’topofficialstoresignoverVietnam,Idecidedtoletmyselfgoalittle.”Readmore PreviouspagePrintlength176pagesLanguageEnglishPublisherHarvardUniversityPressPublicationdateJanuary1,1970Dimensions5.26x0.49x8.26inchesISBN-109780674276604ISBN-13978-0674276604SeealldetailsNextpage BookswithBuzz Discoverthelatestbuzz-worthybooks,frommysteriesandromancetohumorandnonfiction. 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CustomerswhoviewedthisitemalsoviewedPage1of1StartoverPage1of1PreviouspageTheNotSoWild,WildWest:PropertyRightsontheFrontier(StanfordEconomics&Finance)TerryL.Anderson4.5outof5stars 28Hardcover33offersfrom$9.45Tomorrow3.0:TransactionCostsandtheSharingEconomy(CambridgeStudiesinEconomics,Choice,andSociety)MichaelC.Munger4.5outof5stars 30Paperback29offersfrom$6.67TheInvisibleHook:TheHiddenEconomicsofPiratesPeterT.Leeson4.6outof5stars 184Paperback36offersfrom$3.13Trade-Offs:AnIntroductiontoEconomicReasoningandSocialIssues,SecondEditionHaroldWinter4.7outof5stars 14Paperback29offersfrom$16.25TheRhetoricofReaction:Perversity,Futility,JeopardyAlbertO.Hirschman4.3outof5stars 37Paperback27offersfrom$26.82TheEssentialHirschmanAlbertO.Hirschman4.6outof5stars 16Paperback25offersfrom$15.42Nextpage MoreitemstoexplorePage1of1StartoverPage1of1PreviouspagePolicyParadox:TheArtofPoliticalDecisionMakingDeborahStone4.5outof5stars 313Paperback49offersfrom$43.72Agendas,Alternatives,andPublicPolicies,UpdateEdition,withanEpilogueonHealthCare(LongmanClassicsinPoliticalScience)JohnKingdon4.4outof5stars 114Paperback24offersfrom$57.87WhatMoneyCan'tBuy:TheMoralLimitsofMarketsMichaelJ.Sandel4.5outof5stars 958Paperback117offersfrom$2.55TheRhetoricofReaction:Perversity,Futility,JeopardyAlbertO.Hirschman4.3outof5stars 37Paperback27offersfrom$26.82TwoCheersforAnarchism:SixEasyPiecesonAutonomy,Dignity,andMeaningfulWorkandPlayJamesC.Scott4.5outof5stars 114Paperback33offersfrom$5.58PracticalGuideforPolicyAnalysis:TheEightfoldPathtoMoreEffectiveProblemSolving(FifthEdition)EugeneBardach4.4outof5stars 250Paperback52offersfrom$8.75Nextpage EditorialReviewsReview“Hirschman’sworkchangeshowyouseetheworld.Itilluminatesyesterday,today,andtomorrow…Hismostimportant[book].”―CassR.Sunstein,NewYorkReviewofBooks“A126-pageburstoflucidity…[Hirschman’s]masterwork.”―RogerLowenstein,WallStreetJournal“Oneofthemasterpiecesofcontemporarypoliticalthought.”―MalcolmGladwell,NewYorker“Thisunusualandsubtlebookis…anexerciseininterdisciplinaryanalysisfocusedontheinteractionbetweenmarketandnon-marketforcesaffectingtheprocessofdevelopmentanddecline…ProfessorHirschmandevelopsatheoryofloyaltyasakeyfactorintheinteractionbetweenvoiceandexit:loyaltyisshowntopostponeexitandtomakevoicemoreeffectivethroughthepossibilityofexit.”―TheEconomicJournal“Thisisanimaginativelittlebook.Itsmessageshouldbeofusetoeconomists,politicalscientists,andallthoseinterestedinpolicyquestionsrelatedtotheseareas.Hirschmanstartshisargumentbyassumingthatintimeallorganizations(firms,bureaus,politicalparties,governments,andsoon)developslackandexperienceadeteriorationinthequalityoftheiroutput.Theclientsofadecliningorganizationhavetwooptionsforreversingthistrend:exitandvoice.Andmuchofthebookisdevotedtoanexplicationofthewaysinwhichtheseoptionsoperate,theirrelativeadvantagesandweaknesses,theinterdependencebetweenthem…Itisinthesediscussionsofcurrentproblemsandinstitutions,however,thatIfindthebookmostrewarding.Hisbasicpoint,thatthereexistsasymbiosisbetweenexitandvoice,iscertainlyvalidandsignificant.ItsimportancegetsdrivenhomebythewayHirschmanappliestheideatovariouscurrentissues.Oneemergesfromthebookfeelinghehasobtainedanewanalyticinsightintopolicyquestionswhichcanbeappliedagainandagain.”―DennisC.Mueller,PublicPolicy“ProfessorHirschman’ssmallbookisburstingwithnewideas.Theeconomisthastypicallyassumedthatdissatisfactionwithanorganization’sproductismetbywithdrawalofdemand,whilethepoliticalscientistthinksratheroftheprotestspossiblewithintheorganization.Hirschmanarguesthatbothprocessesareatworkanddemonstratesbeautifullybyanalysisandexamplethattheirinteractionhassurprisingimplications,atheorythatilluminatesstrikinglymanyimportanteconomicandpoliticalphenomenaoftheday.Thewholeargumentisdevelopedwithanextraordinaryrichnessofreferencetomanysocietiesandcultures.”―KennethJ.Arrow“Thereis,ofcourse,nosubstituteforamindasoriginal,playful,subtle,andfreshasHirschman’s.”―StanleyHoffmann“Thisisamarvelouslyperceptiveessaywhichilluminatessomeofthemostinterestingeconomicandsocialquestionsofourtime.Ihavereaditwithenormousinterestandadmiration,andthefurtherpleasurethatonehasinbeingwithanauthorwhocanthinkthingsthrough.”―JohnKennethGalbraith“IreadExit,Voice,andLoyaltywithabsolutefascinationandfoundthatitpulledtogether,inorganizedform,manyrandomglimmeringsthatIhadpreviouslyunderstoodonlydimly.”―JosephKraftAbouttheAuthorAlbertO.HirschmanwasProfessorofSocialScience,Emeritus,attheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,followingacareerofprestigiousappointments,honors,andawards.PerhapsthemostwidelyknownandadmiredofhismanybooksareExit,Voice,andLoyalty(Harvard)andThePassionsandtheInterests(Princeton). Productdetails ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0674276604Publisher ‏ : ‎ HarvardUniversityPress(January1,1970)Language ‏ : ‎ EnglishPaperback ‏ : ‎ 176pagesISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780674276604ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0674276604ItemWeight ‏ : ‎ 7.1ouncesDimensions ‏ : ‎ 5.26x0.49x8.26inches BestSellersRank:#115,000inBooks(SeeTop100inBooks)#174inBusinessNegotiating(Books)#458inWorkplaceCulture(Books)#1,907inBusinessProcesses&InfrastructureCustomerReviews: 4.6outof5stars 100ratings StartreadingExit,Voice,andLoyaltyonyourKindleinunderaminute. Don'thaveaKindle?GetyourKindlehere,ordownloadaFREEKindleReadingApp. AbouttheauthorFollowauthorstogetnewreleaseupdates,plusimprovedrecommendations.AlbertO.HirschmanBriefcontentvisible,doubletaptoreadfullcontent.Fullcontentvisible,doubletaptoreadbriefcontent.Discovermoreoftheauthor’sbooks,seesimilarauthors,readauthorblogsandmoreReadmoreReadless Customerreviews4.6outof5stars4.6outof5 100globalratings 5star 74% 4star 15% 3star 9% 2star 2% 1star 0%(0%) 0% Howareratingscalculated?Tocalculatetheoverallstarratingandpercentagebreakdownbystar,wedon’tuseasimpleaverage.Instead,oursystemconsidersthingslikehowrecentareviewisandifthereviewerboughttheitemonAmazon.Italsoanalyzesreviewstoverifytrustworthiness. Topreviews Mostrecent Topreviews TopreviewsfromtheUnitedStates Therewasaproblemfilteringreviewsrightnow.Pleasetryagainlater.BizBookReader4.0outof5stars WorththeEffort:InterestingandImportantbutDry ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonJanuary2,2011VerifiedPurchase Putsimply,Hirschman'sworkhereattemptstobetterunderstandthedynamicsthatgoverndissatisfiedconsumers,groupmembersandcitizensintheirdecisionstoeitherleaveinsearchofabetterproduct,groupornationortostayputandtrytomakethingsbetter("exit"vs."voice").It'safundamentalsocialdynamicthatappliestoavarietyofinstitutions(asthebook'ssubtitleindicates),andheratherdiligentlybuildsandshareshismodelforconsideringtheissues--amodelthat,asotherreviewershavepointedout,isstillverymuchinuseinanumberoffieldsfourdecadeslater.TheproseinthisbookisNOTadelightnorevenalwayseasytoread;Hirschmanwritesverymuchlikeanacademiceconomist.Buttheideasconveyedhereareprovocativeanduseful--notonlyforstudentsofeconomicsandpoliticalsciencebutforproductmanagers,humanresourcemanagersandbusinessleaders.IfyoulikeunderstandingkeygoverningprinciplessothatyoucancarrythemwithyouintonewsituationsANDyoucangetthroughreallydrywriting,thisshortbookismorethanworthyourtime. Readmore 8peoplefoundthishelpful Helpful Reportabuse NickGillespie5.0outof5stars Thisbookhelpedtoexplainthe20thcentury.It'sevenmoreimportantinthe21st. ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonJuly20,2018VerifiedPurchase Thisbook'sgreatnessisinverselyrelatedtoitslength.Hirschman'scoreinsightsonhowtoeffectchangeinpolitiesandfirmsareevenmorevaluableintheearly21stcenturythanwhenhewaswriting.Wenowhaveeffectiveexitfromalmosteverycommunityweparticipatein,whichmeanswehavevoice,too. Readmore 4peoplefoundthishelpful Helpful Reportabuse M.P.Arsenault5.0outof5stars Snappingthefirmbacktoefficiency ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonMay2,2007VerifiedPurchase Hirschmanarguesthatratherthanoperatingatpermanentlyoptimallevel-seekingprofitmaximization-firmsoftenoperateatamerely"satisfactory"level.Hirschmanarguesthatthislevelofinefficiencyleadsto"organizationalslack"inthefirm.Intimesofstrongcompetition,firmscandrawuponthisslackinordertosqueezeoutgreaterproductionthroughaninvestmentinworkhours,improvedproductivity,andotherformsofpressure.Whencompetitionisnotsofierce,firmsaresubjecttoacertainlevelofdeclineandsubsequentlybecomeinefficient,i.e.theyexperiencedecliningquality,highprices,etc.Whenfirmsareunderperforminginthismanner,customershavetwooptionstocorrectthisinefficiency:exitandvoice.Bothexitandvoiceareusedbyconsumersinordertosnapafirmbackintoefficiency.Whenselectingexit,customersleavetheunderperformingfirminfavorofanalternative.Whenusingvoice,customersvoicetheirconcerndirectlytothefirmoritsmanagers.Thesetwooptionsarenotmutuallyexclusiveandmaybeusedintandem.Exitrepresentstheeconomicsideofrecuperationmechanismsandoftenresultsfromadeclineinquality.Whenqualitydrops,customersexitandthefirm'srevenuesfall.Whenmanagementbecomesawareofcustomerdesertion,itmusttakeanactiveroleinrepairingthedamagetothefirm.However,thelevelofresponsevarieswiththelevelofexit.Asmallnumberofexitingcustomersisunlikelytoleadtocorrectiveactionbymanagement,becausethedamagecausedbytheexitisnotsignificanttoserveasanincentiveforchange.Thesamecanbesaidaboutahighnumberofexitingcustomers.Ifthedamageistoogreat,norecuperationmeasureswillbepursuedasthedamageistoogreattorecoverfrom.However,ifanintermediatenumberofcustomersexit,themanagementwillpursueactionswhichmayleadtoafullrecovery.Thisillustratestheneedforbothinertandalertcustomersinorderforexittowork.Alertcustomersleaveandthusprovidethefirmwithfeedback,whiletheinertcustomersgrantthefirmtimetoadjustandchange.However,itmustbenotedthatexitdoesnotalwaysleadtoefficiency.Whengoodsarenotreadilysubstitutable,oradeclineinqualityoccursacrossasector,exitwillnotwork.Thosewhoexitwillbeshufflingfromfirmtofirmacrossasector.Foreverycustomerlost,thefirmwillsimplygainacustomerfromacompetingfirm.Voicerepresentsthepoliticalsideoftherecuperationmechanisms.Itcanbeusedaseitherasupplementoralternativetoexit.Theeffectivenessofvoiceispositivelyrelatedtoitsvolume,but,likeexit,itcanbeoverdone.Likeexit,amixtureofbothinertandalertcustomersisnecessaryforthevoiceoptiontowork.Peoplewillholdtheirpoliticalcapitalinreserveandbringagreatweighttobearonthefirmwhentheydeemitnecessary.However,theelitesstillmustbeallowedtomakedecisions.Itmustbenotedthatvoiceoftenservesinaresidualroletotheexitstrategy.Thevoiceoptionisoftentheonlywayacustomerormembersofagroupcanreactwhentheexitoptionisunavailable,i.e.inchurches,families,orthestate.Assuch,"Theactuallevelofvoicefeedsoninelasticdemand,oronthelackofopportunitytoexit"(Hirschman,1970,p.34).Insuchacase,voicecarriestheentireburden.However,insuchcaseswherecustomersfeelthatvoicewillserveasaneffectiverecuperationmechanism,thewillpostponeexit.Thisistrueinthatonceapersonhasexitedafirm,theyhavelostthepowerofvoice,butnotviceversa.Customerswillpreferthevoiceoptiontoexitwhen;1.theyassumethefirmwillreturntoitsoriginalsuperiorityoversubstitutablealternatives;2.theywantto"dosomething"tochangethequality,i.e.toexertinfluence;2.theyexpecttheirowninfluence,coupledwiththatofotherstocreatechanges;4.theyhavedevelopedloyaltytothefirm.Insum,thevoiceoptionworksinmarketswithalimitednumberofbuyers.Here,agroupofbuyersareabletoinfluencethemanagementofthefirm.Suchatraitismostoftenfoundinorganizationsasopposedtobusinessfirms.Additionally,wearemostlikelytoseethevoiceoptionusedwhenthebuyerisstuckwith,anddissatisfiedwithaproductfromwhichthecustomercannotreadilyexit.WiththeExitandVoiceframeworkestablished,Hirschmanseekstousetheparadigmtoexplainanumberofsocialphenomena.Forexample,Hirschmanarguesthat"theconsumerwhoisratherinsensitivetoprice-increasesisoftenlikelytobehighlysensitivetoqualitydeclines"(1970,p.49).Theseconsumerstendtobebetteroffastheycanaffordchangesinprice.Inshort,ifpriceincreasesbutqualityremainsthesame,thecustomerislikelytostay.However,ifqualitydeclinesandpriceremainsthesame,theseconsumerswillexitinfavorofahigherquality,butperhapsmoreexpensivesubstitutablegood.Assuch,Hirschmanhypothesizesthatcustomersaremorelikelytoresorttoprotestinregardstodecliningqualityinhigh-qualitygoodsthantheyarewithmediumoflow-qualitygoods.Hirschmanusesthishypothesistoexplainthedifferencesbetweenupperandlowerclasscleavages:"theroleofvoiceinfendingoffdeteriorationisparticularlyimportantforanumberofessentialserviceslargesdefining`qualityoflife.'Sinceinthecaseoftheseservices,resistancetodeteriorationrequiresvoice,andsincevoicewillbemoreforthcomingmorereadilyattheupperthanthelowerqualityranges,thecleavagebetweenthequalityoflifeatthetopandatthemiddleorlowerrangestendtobemoremarked"(1970,p.53).Additionally,HirschmanusestheExitandVoiceparadigmtoexaminemonopolies,arguingthatsometimes,atightmonopolyisbetterthanasystemofcompetition.Hearguesthatano-exitsituationwillbebetterthanasystemofcompetitionundertwocircumstances;1."exitisineffectiveasarecuperationmechanism,butdoesnotsucceedindrainingfromthefirmororganizationitsmorequality-conscious,alertandpotentiallyactivistmembers";and2."ifvoicecouldbemadeintoaneffectivemechanismoncethesecustomersormembersaresecurelylockedin"(1970,p.55).Thisimpliesthatinatightmonopoly,voicestillholdssomepower.Inaloosemonopoly,wheresomecompetitionstillexists,acompanyiswillingtoloosethoseloudpeoplewhowillchoosetoexit,thusensuringthatthefirmwillnotpursueamovetowardsreturnedefficiency.HirschmanalsoexaminestheroleofExitandVoiceonthetwo-partysystem.Changesinqualityareinterpreteddifferentlybydifferentpeople.Forexample,inpoliticalparties,amovetowardsthecenterwillangerthoseintheextremepolls.Hirschmanwritesthatthefirmwilltendtominimizethediscontentofitscustomerstoreducehostilityintheenvironmentinwhichitoperates.Thisimpliesthatthemarketwill"clear"somewhereinthemiddleofthetwodiscountlevels.Hirschmanarguesthatthosevoterswhoarenearthemiddleofthespectrumarenon-captivevoters,meaningthattheyretainthepowerofexit.Theymaydefecttotheotherparty.Thoseontheextremepolls,however,donothavetheexitoptionastheyaretoodistantfromtheotherrivalparty.Hirschmanreferstothoseinthefringesascaptivevoters.Assuch,inadual-partysystem,itpaysforthepartytomovertowardsthecenterinthehopesofmaintainingthenon-captivevoters,knowingthatthefringevotersarerelativelystuckwiththesituation.ThemainvalueofHirschman'sExitandVoiceframeworkisthatiscanbeappliedtoahostofsocialsciencephenomena.Althoughwrittennearlyfortyyearsago,scholarsstilltaketheExitandVoicemodelwhenexplainingothersocialproblems. Readmore 48peoplefoundthishelpful Helpful Reportabuse AlvinE.Taylor5.0outof5stars WalkingAwayIsReallyAPoliticalDecision ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonSeptember6,2013VerifiedPurchase Thisisanexcellentbookwhichraisestheprovokingquestionaboutthevariouswaysonecanreacttoafailinginstitutionwhereoneisaparticipantwhohasmadeacommitmentbothpsychologicallyandpolitically.Theauthor,however,doesnotendmattertherebecausehesetsoutthevariousoptionsandthecircumstanceswhichmay,ormaynot,makeanavailableoptionviable.Toooftenthereisatendencytoabandonthefailinginstitutiontothewrongpeoplewithlongtermconsequencesthatareparticularlydamaginginthelongrun.However,wearenotomniscientenoughtohaveaclearpictureofthefuture,soweguessthecostsofthefighttosavetheinstitutionandbailoutifwethinktheyaretoohigh.Thisshouldbereadbyanydiscerningpersonwhoisinterestedininstitutionalrehabilitation.. Readmore 6peoplefoundthishelpful Helpful Reportabuse ocean5.0outof5stars Inverygoodcondition ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonAugust10,2021VerifiedPurchase Inverygoodcondition.Butdon’texpectittobelikenewish Readmore Helpful Reportabuse KindleCustomer5.0outof5stars Interdisciplinaryperspectivetofacechalllenges ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonDecember16,2018VerifiedPurchase Fromeconomicstopolitics,politicalscienceandpsychology/sociology.Amasterpiece Readmore Helpful Reportabuse MathewLJC19915.0outof5stars Iloveit ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonJanuary10,2019VerifiedPurchase Thisisagoodbook Readmore Helpful Reportabuse paul5.0outof5stars Lookingforadeeperunderstandingofeconomicpoweratthegrassrootslevel?Looknofurther. ReviewedintheUnitedStatesonJanuary4,2014VerifiedPurchase Aclassicandmuchneededwork;animpressiveguidetobetterunderstandingthenatureofanddynamicsrelatedtoourpoliticalnatureandculture. Readmore Onepersonfoundthishelpful Helpful Reportabuse Seeallreviews Topreviewsfromothercountries MsGillianRPeele5.0outof5stars Aframeworkfororganizationalchange ReviewedintheUnitedKingdomonOctober25,2013VerifiedPurchase OneofHirschman'smoststimulatingcontributions-aclassicpieceofanalysis:wellwrittenandinsightfulwithimportantimplicationsforallmanneroforganizationsincludingpoliticalparties Readmore 2peoplefoundthishelpful Reportabuse MarcoFanicchi5.0outof5stars FiveStars ReviewedintheUnitedKingdomonMarch6,2015VerifiedPurchase Fastdelivery-Goodvalueformoney Readmore Reportabuse Mr.G.A.Love5.0outof5stars Interesting ReviewedintheUnitedKingdomonFebruary26,2013VerifiedPurchase VeryinterestingbookbyHirschman,willlookformoreofhisworktoread,washandyinsizeandlightenoughtodigest Readmore Onepersonfoundthishelpful Reportabuse KeithJackson5.0outof5stars Makingsenseoftheindividualsroleinthegroup ReviewedintheUnitedKingdomonJanuary8,2013VerifiedPurchase Eventhoughthiswaswrittensometimeago,themodelproposedmatchestheinfluenceweallcanhaveonanysystem.Wellworthareadjusttomakesenseofthemodernworld. Readmore 2peoplefoundthishelpful Reportabuse Katariina5.0outof5stars FiveStars ReviewedintheUnitedKingdomonSeptember11,2015VerifiedPurchase EmployeeVoiceclassic Readmore Reportabuse Seeallreviews CustomerswhoboughtthisitemalsoboughtPage1of1StartoverPage1of1PreviouspageTheInvisibleHook:TheHiddenEconomicsofPiratesPeterT.Leeson4.6outof5stars 184Paperback36offersfrom$3.13Trade-Offs:AnIntroductiontoEconomicReasoningandSocialIssues,SecondEditionHaroldWinter4.7outof5stars 14Paperback29offersfrom$16.25Tomorrow3.0:TransactionCostsandtheSharingEconomy(CambridgeStudiesinEconomics,Choice,andSociety)MichaelC.Munger4.5outof5stars 30Paperback29offersfrom$6.67PolicyParadox:TheArtofPoliticalDecisionMakingDeborahStone4.5outof5stars 313Paperback49offersfrom$43.72TheRhetoricofReaction:Perversity,Futility,JeopardyAlbertO.Hirschman4.3outof5stars 37Paperback27offersfrom$26.82ThePassionsandtheInterests:PoliticalArgumentsforCapitalismbeforeItsTriumph(PrincetonClassics,2)AlbertO.Hirschman4.6outof5stars 48Paperback36offersfrom$3.89Nextpage Backtotop GettoKnowUs Careers Blog AboutAmazon Sustainability PressCenter InvestorRelations AmazonDevices MakeMoneywithUs SellproductsonAmazon SellappsonAmazon BecomeanAffiliate BecomeaDeliveryDriver Startapackagedeliverybusiness AdvertiseYourProducts Self-PublishwithUs HostanAmazonHub ›SeeMoreWaystoMakeMoney AmazonPaymentProducts AmazonRewardsVisaSignatureCards Amazon.comStoreCard AmazonSecuredCard AmazonBusinessCard AmazonBusinessLineofCredit ShopwithPoints CreditCardMarketplace ReloadYourBalance AmazonCurrencyConverter LetUsHelpYou AmazonandCOVID-19 YourAccount YourOrders ShippingRates&Policies AmazonPrime Returns&Replacements ManageYourContentandDevices AmazonAssistant Help EnglishChoosealanguageforshopping. 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