Bottleneck theory's enlightenment of practice-influence on ...

Severely theories have tried to build up the PRP-effect's underlying mechanisms. Following work will focus on one of those, the central bottleneck, ... Homepage >  Katalog >  Psychologie >  KognitivePsychologie Bottlenecktheory’senlightenmentofpractice-influenceonpsychologicalrefractoryperiod Seminararbeit,2010 5Seiten,Note:1 IsabellBrankstein(Autor:in) eBook fürnur US$6,99 Sofortherunterladen.Inkl.MwSt. Format:PDF,ePUBundMOBI  – fürPC,Kindle,Tablet,Handy(ohneDRM) IndenWarenkorb Leseprobe Bottlenecktheory'senlightenmentofpractice-influenceonpsychologicalrefractoryperiod Stunninglimitingmechanismsofthehumansinformationprocessing,ofperceivingabilities,workingmemoryperformance,sensomotoricreactionsuponreceivingpoint,canbeclassifiedasphenomenon,givingfeedbackaboutthehumansassessmentofreality.Thepsychologicalrefractoryperiodeffect(PRP)isoneofthesephenomenon,representingtheaspectsofdelayedreactions,twospeedtasksareperformedinrapidsuccessionwithresultingdelaytothesecondtaskresponse(Craik,1947,1948;Hick,1948;Telford,1931).Thisincreasingdelayofthesecondtaskresponseisthehigh,theshorttheintervalbetweenthetwotasks,task1and2,is(Pashler,1994).ThisPRP-effectcanbeobservedevenwhenmodalitiesofthetasks(e.g.sensory,motor-driven)aredistinct(Pashler,1994). SeverelytheorieshavetriedtobuildupthePRP-effect'sunderlyingmechanisms.Followingworkwillfocusononeofthose,thecentralbottleneck,tryingtoilluminatetheinfluenceofpracticeonPRP-effect. Whatisthecentralbottleneckabout?Welford(1952)discussesthehuman'sinformationprocessasa3-stageprocesswithsucceedingprecentral,centralandpostcentralstages.E.g.stimulusidentificationcanbeclassifiedasanaspectofprecentralstage,responseselectionasanaspectofcentral,responseexecutionasanaspectofpostcentralstage.Accordingtothecentralbottleneckmodelpre-andpostcentralstages,activeduringtask1,areabletobecarriedoutinparallelwithanystageoftask2(withpre-,centralandpostcentral).Contrary,thecentralstageoftask2shouldn'tbeactiveaslongasthecentralstageoftask1hasbeenfinished.Theresultingphenomenonisawaitingperiod,ithasbeencalledthebottleneckdelayandshouldinfluencethecauseofthePRPeffect(Pashler&Johnston,1989;Ruthruff,Johnston&VanSelst,2001). Jiang(2004)gaveneurobiologicalsupportforthebottleneckaccount,observingsignificantcorrelationsbetweenlateralfrontal,aswellasmedialfrontalcortexactivityandthemagnitudeofPRP. Astructuralbottlenecktheory(Pashler,1994;Welford,1952)andastrategicbottlenecktheory(Meyer&Kieras,1997)discussthequestionofparallelismandserialityduringcentralstageprocesses. Accordingthestructuralbottlenecktheory,thePRPeffectisduetoaninabilitytocarryoutmorethanonecentraloperation(e.g.,responseselection)atonce.E.g.,responseselectionneedsaccesstooneormoreprocessors.Theseprocessorscanonlyhandleoneinputafteranother.Iftworesponseselectionprocessesaredependenttooneprocessor,onlyoneofthetwoisabletogetaccess.Theactivationofthesecondhastowaituntiltheprocessorhasfinishedwiththefirst.(Pashler,1994;Welford,1952) Onthecontrary,astrategicbottlenecktheory,theadaptiveexecutivecontrolmodel(Meyer& Kieras,1997a,1997b)doesn'tprecludeparallelinformationprocessingincentralstages.Underspecificcircumstancesasimultaneousinformationtransfershouldbepossible(Schumacheretal.2001,p102).Thebottleneckdelayshouldbecausedbyacentralexecutive,controllingthereactionselectionattask1and2,inhibitingparallelinformationtransfer,tryingtoavoidpoorperformance,errorsininformationprocessing(Meyer&Kieras,1997,1997).FMRIstudies,comparingone-taskwithdual-taskperformance,noticedafrontalandparietalcorticalactivationunderdual-taskcondition.Theseactivationscouldbetheneuralrepresentationoftheexecutivecontrol,butcouldreflectexecutiveprocessestoo(e.g.task-switching)Herath(2001). [...] EndederLeseprobeaus5Seiten Details Titel Bottlenecktheory’senlightenmentofpractice-influenceonpsychologicalrefractoryperiod Hochschule UniversitätSalzburg  (NaturwissenschaftlicheFakultät-FachbereichPsychologie) Note 1 Autor IsabellBrankstein(Autor:in) Jahr 2010 Seiten 5 Katalognummer V149258 ISBN(eBook) 9783640597475 ISBN(Buch) 9783640597178 Dateigröße 417KB Sprache Deutsch Schlagworte bottlenecktheory, informationprocessing, psychologicalrefractoryperiod, practiceinfluenceoninformationprocessing Preis(Ebook) 6.99 Arbeitzitieren IsabellBrankstein(Autor:in),2010,Bottlenecktheory’senlightenmentofpractice-influenceonpsychologicalrefractoryperiod,München,GRINVerlag,https://www.grin.com/document/149258 Kommentare NochkeineKommentare. MeldenSiesichan,umeinenKommentarzuschreiben ImeBooklesen eBook fürnur US$6,99 Sofortherunterladen.Inkl.MwSt. Format:PDF,ePUBundMOBI  – fürPC,Kindle,Tablet,Handy(ohneDRM) IndenWarenkorb ÄhnlicheArbeiten LanguageContactinthesecondphase... 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