Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport - Wikipedia

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (IATA: BOM, ICAO: VABB) is an international airport serving Mumbai and the Mumbai Metropolitan Region ... ChhatrapatiShivajiMaharajInternationalAirport FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch InternationalairportinMumbai,India "MumbaiAirport"redirectshere.Forotheruses,seeMumbai(disambiguation). NottobeconfusedwithNaviMumbaiInternationalAirport. ChhatrapatiShivajiMaharajInternationalAirportIATA:BOMICAO:VABBSummaryAirporttypePublicOwnerMumbaiInternationalAirportLimited(AdaniEnterprises-ACSA-AAIconsortium)OperatorAdaniAirportHoldingsServesMumbaiMetropolitanRegionLocationMumbai,Maharashtra,IndiaOpened1942 (1942)Hubfor AirIndia Vistara GoFirst AkasaAir IndiGo Focuscityfor AirIndiaExpress FedExExpress BlueDartAviation SpiceJet JetAirways AirAsia StarAir TruJet Elevation AMSL11 m/37 ftCoordinates19°05′19″N72°52′05″E/19.08861°N72.86806°E/19.08861;72.86806Coordinates:19°05′19″N72°52′05″E/19.08861°N72.86806°E/19.08861;72.86806WebsiteChhatrapatiShivajiMaharajInternationalAirportMapBOM/VABBShowmapofMumbaiBOM/VABBShowmapofMaharashtraBOM/VABBShowmapofIndiaBOM/VABBShowmapofAsiaRunways Direction Length Surface m ft 14/32 2,990 9,810 Asphalt 09/27 3,660 12,008 Asphalt Statistics(April2021–March2022)Passengers21,747,892(96.7%)Aircraftmovements1,86,186(60.7%)Cargotonnage7,70,953(30%)Source:AAI[1][2][3] ChhatrapatiShivajiMaharajInternationalAirport(IATA:BOM,ICAO:VABB)isaninternationalairportservingMumbaiandtheMumbaiMetropolitanRegion(MMR).ItisthesecondbusiestairportinthecountryintermsoftotalandinternationalpassengertrafficafterDelhi,andwasthe14thbusiestairportinAsiaand41stbusiestairportintheworldbypassengertrafficincalendaryear2019.[4]Itspassengertrafficwasabout49.8 millioninyear2018. Itisalsothesecondbusiestairportintermsofcargotraffic.InMarch2017,theairportsurpassedLondon'sGatwickAirportastheworld'sbusiesttooperateasinglerunwayatatime.ThiswaslatersurpassedagainbyGatwickAirportattheendof2019duetopassengernumbersfallingatMumbai.[5]Theairport'sIATAcodeBOMisassociatedwith"Bombay",thecity'sformerlegalname. Ithastwooperatingterminalsspreadoveratotallandareaof750hectares(1,850acres)[6]andhandlesabout950aircraftmovementsperday.Ithandledarecord1,007aircraftmovementson9December2018,higherthanitsearlierrecordof1,003flightmovementsinadayinJune2018.Ithandledarecord51movementsinonehouron16September2014.[7]AlongwithIGIDelhi,itwasadjudgedthe"World'sBestAirport"atAirportServiceQualityAwards2017inthehighestcategoryofairportshandlingmorethan40millionpassengersannuallybyAirportsCouncilInternational.[8]Ithasalsowonthe"BestAirportinIndiaandCentralAsia"awardattheSkytrax2016WorldAirportAwards.[9]ItisoneofthethreeairportsinIndiatohaveimplementedAirportCollaborativeDecisionMaking(A-CDM)toensuretimelytakeoffsandlandings.[10]Infinancialyear2020,theMumbaiAirporthandled45.87millionpassengers,onlysecondtoIGI's67.3millioninIndia.[11] TheairportisoperatedbyMumbaiInternationalAirportLimited(MIAL),aJointVenturebetweentheAirportsAuthorityofIndiaandtheGVKIndustriesLtdledconsortium[12]whichwasappointedinFebruary2006tocarryoutthemodernisationoftheAirport.[13]ThenewintegratedterminalT2wasinauguratedon10January2014[14]andopenedforinternationaloperationson12February2014.[15]Adedicatedsixlane,elevatedroadconnectingthenewterminalwiththemainarterialWesternExpressHighway[16]wasalsoopenedtothepublicthesameday.[17]ChhatrapatiShivajiairportoffersnonstoporconnectingflightstoallsixinhabitedcontinents. TheairportisnamedafterShivajiMaharaj(1630–1680),a17th-centuryChhatrapatioftheMarathaEmpire.Itwasrenamedin1999fromtheprevious"SaharAirport"to"ChhatrapatiShivajiInternationalAirport"(thetitle"Maharaj"wasinsertedon30August2018[18]).ItissituatedacrossthesuburbsofSantacruzandSaharVillageinVileParleEast.TheairportisawardedasthebestairportinAsia-Pacificin2020(over40millionpassengersperannum)byAirportsCouncilInternational.[19] Contents 1History 2Ownership 3Structure 3.1Runways 3.2Airtrafficcontroltower 4Terminals 4.1Currentlyoperationalterminals 4.1.1Terminal1 4.1.2Terminal2 4.1.3GeneralAviationTerminal 4.2Previousterminals 4.2.1Terminal1A,1B,and1C 4.2.2OldTerminal2(Dividedinto2A,2B,and2C) 4.3Cargo 5Airlinesanddestinations 5.1Passenger 5.2Cargo 6Statistics 7Connectivity 7.1Upcomingairportmetrostations 8Accidentsandincidents 8.11940s 8.21950s 8.31960s 8.41970s 8.51980s 8.61990s 8.72000s,2010sand2020s 9Seealso 10References 11Externallinks History[edit] A2017stampsheetdedicatedtothe75thanniversaryofChhatrapatiShivajiInternationalAirport RAFSantacruzwasconstructedinthe1930s.[20]ItwasabiggerairfieldthannearbyJuhuAerodromeandwashometoseveralRAFsquadronsduringWorldWarIIfrom1942to1947.[21]TheAirportcoveredanareaofabout1,500acres(610 ha)andinitiallyhadthreerunways.[22]Theapronexistedonthesouthsideofrunway09/27,andthearea,referredtotodayasthe"OldAirport",houses,amongothers,maintenancehangarsofAirIndia,AirWorksIndia,IndamerAviationPvtLtd,andMIAL'sGeneralAviationTerminal. By1946,whentheRAFbegantheprocessofhandingovertheairfieldtotheDirectorGeneralofCivilAviationforCiviloperations,[23]twooldabandonedhangarsoftheRoyalAirForcehadbeenconvertedintoaterminalforpassengertraffic.Onehangarwasusedasadomesticterminalandtheotherforinternationaltraffic.Ithadcountersforcustomsandimmigrationchecksoneithersideandaloungeinthecenter.AirIndiahandleditspassengersinitsownterminaladjoiningthetwohangars.[22]Initsfirstyear,ithandledsixcivilianservicesaday. TrafficattheairportincreasedafterKarachiwaspartitionedtoPakistanandasmanyas40dailydomesticandforeignservicesoperatedby1949,promptingtheIndianGovernmenttodeveloptheairport,equippingtheairportwithanightlandingsystemcomprisingaRadiorangeandamodernisedflarepathlightingsystem[24]Constructionofanewpassengerterminalandapronbeganin1950andwascommissionedin1958.[22]NamedaftertheneighbourhoodinwhichitstoodandinitiallyundertheaegisofthePublicWorksDepartment,thenewairportwassubsequentlyrunbytheMinistryofCivilAviation. Withthedawningofthejumbojeterainthe1970s,Santacruz,despiteseveralextensions,begansufferingfrominsufficientoperationalcapacity. TheSantacruzterminalwasdesignedtoaccommodate600passengersatanygiventime,butbythelate1970s,itwashandling1,200.In1979–80,5milliondomesticandinternationalpassengersflewintoandoutofSantaCruzcomparedwith3 millionatDelhi'sPalamAirport.Theairlineswereconstantlyexpandingtheirservicesbuttherewasnocorrespondingincreaseinspaceattheterminal,makingitthemostcongestedairportinthecountry.Inoneofitsissues,Timemagazine,referringtothechaos,calledtheterminalbuildinga"blackhole".[25] AmajorfireguttedtheInternationalsectionoftheterminalbuildingon21September1979,killingthreepassengersandshuttingdowntheairport.Atemporarydepartureextensionor"GulfTerminal"wasmadefunctionalinOctoberthatyearuntiltheterminalwasrepaired.[26] TheTatacommittee,setupin1967toexaminetheissuesconcerningtheairport,hadrecommendedtheconstructionofanewinternationalterminaltomeettherequirementsoftrafficintheseventies.TheSantaCruzterminalwastobeusedfordomestictrafficalone.TheInternationalAirportAuthorityofIndia(IAAI),whichwassetupin1972,startedplanningtheconstructionofanewterminalbuildingforhandlinginternationalpassengertraffic,tobecompletedby1981.Accordingly,constructionofthenewinternationalterminalatSahartothenortheastofSantacruzinVileParlewastakenupatanestimatedcostof₹110 million. ConstructionofthenewinternationalterminalatSaharbeganinNovember1977,andthefirstphasetookthreeyearstobuild.SaharTerminal2A,thefirstphaseofthethree-partterminal,wasopenedon5December1980.[25] AAIhadbeenconsideringthemodernizationofBombayAirportin1996althoughtheAAIboardapprovedamodernisationproposalonlyin2003.Bythen,BombayandDelhiAirportswerehandling38%ofthecountry'saircraftmovementandgeneratingone-thirdofallrevenuesearnedbyAAI.Atthattime,theBombayairporthandled13.3 millionpassengers,60%ofwhichweredomestictravellers.Theairportfacedseverecongestionforbothaircraftandpassengersasitwashandlingtwiceasmanyaircraftmovementsperdaythanitwasoriginallydesignedfor.ThebiddingprocessforitsmodernisationeventuallybeganinMay2004withthedecisionbytheEmpoweredGroupofMinisters(EGoM)wasannouncedinJanuary2006.[27] Ownership[edit] AconsortiumofGVKIndustriesLtd,AirportsCompanySouthAfrica,andBidvest,[12]wonthebidtomanageandoperateCSMIA.Toaccomplishthistask,MumbaiInternationalAirportPrivateLimited(MIAL),ajointventurebetweentheconsortium(74%)andtheAirportsAuthorityofIndia(26%)wasformed.[28]Sincethen,MIALhasmadeseveralimprovementsintheaesthetics,designandpassengerconveniencesatCSIAincludingtherefurbishmentofdomesticterminals1A&1B,internationalterminals2B&2C,andtheopeningofabrandnewdomesticterminal1CandnewTerminalT2.MIALalsoundertookairsideimprovementprojectssuchasthecommissioningofnewtaxiways,apronsandthereconstructionofbothrunways.[13]InFebruary2008,MIALenteredintoanagreementwithAirTransportITspecialistSITAthatledtoCSIAbecomingthefirstairportinIndiatoImplementCommon-useself-serviceKiosksandCUTE(CommonUseTerminalEquipment)check-insystems.[29] InFebruary2021,theAdaniGroupacquiredbothGVKandBidvest'sstakesinMIAL,givingitacontrollinginterestintheventure.[30][31] Structure[edit] Anaerialviewoftheairport,whenthenewT2wasstillunderconstruction.PartsoftheolderT2arestillinuse.Pictureshotin2013. Runways[edit] Theairporthastwointersectingrunwaysandithandlesanaverageof980flightsperday.[32]TherunwayshavebeenupgradedtoCodeF,whichmeanstheycanaccommodatelargeraircraftliketheAirbusA380.[32][33]FollowingapresentationinMarch2011byUK'sairtrafficserviceproviderNATS[34]onhowthecapacityoftheairportcanbeincreased,MIALsetatargetof48aircraftmovementsanhourinanefforttoreducecongestionattheairport.Bothrunwayswereoperatedsimultaneouslyespeciallyduringpeakhourstotryandattainthistarget.[35]MIALscrappedsimultaneousCross-runwayflightoperationsinmid-2013afteritfoundthatsinglerunwayoperationsweremoreeffectiveforincreasingaircraftmovementsperhour.Runway14/32washenceforthtobeusedonlywhenthemainrunwaywasunavailableduetomaintenanceorotherreasons.[36]Theconstructionofnewrapidexittaxiwayshelpedinincreasingflighthandlingcapacityfrom32movementsperhourto44in2012.[37]NATSdeliveredandhelpedMIALimplementa'changeroadmap'tohelpCSMIAachievemorethan50movementsperhourin2015.[34] Theincreasedair-sideefficienciesresultedinCSMIAovertakingGatwickAirportinMarch2017tobecometheworld'sbusiestairportwithonlyoneoperationalrunwayatatime.[5] Number Length Width ILS Notes 09–27 3,660 m(12,008 ft) 60metres(200 ft) Cat.II(27);Cat.I(09) [38] 14–32 2,990 m(9,810 ft) 45metres(148 ft) Cat.I(bothdirections) [38][32] Runwaynotes OncethelongestcommercialrunwayinIndia,Runway09/27istheairport'smainrunway.13taxiways,includingfourrapidexittaxiways,connectittoafull-lengthparalleltaxiwaytoitsnorth.Itintersectsthesecondaryrunwaysouthoftheterminalbuildings.ThereconstructionoftherunwaystartedinSeptember2010[38]andwascompletedinMay2011.Therunwaywidthwasincreasedfrom45metres(148 ft)to60metres(200 ft)witharunwayshoulderwidthof7.5 maddedoneachside.[38]TheILSon27startsat2,900 ft(880 m)andis9.1nauticalmiles(16.9 km)longwithaglideslopepathof3°.[39] Runway14/32hastentaxiwaysincludingthreerapidexittaxiwaysthatconnecttoaparalleltaxiwayrunningalongitseasternflank.ItrunsbetweenTerminals1and2andwasreconstructedin2010.Therunwayshoulderswerewidenedfrom7.5to15metres(25to49 ft).[38]Theassociatedtaxiwaysofsecondaryrunwaywereupgradedin2019.AnewrapidexittaxiwayandtheconversionoftaxiwaystoCode-Feffectivelyincreasedthecapacityoftherunway.In2020,thesecondaryrunwaysetarecordof47movementsperhourduringpeakhourtrafficascomparedto36movementsperhour.[32] Issueswithutilising14/32are: TrombayHill,lies4.5 nmi(8.3 km)awayfromthe32end,anapproachthatwastemporarilymadeaNo-FlyzonebecausetheBhabhaAtomicResearchCentre(BARC)nuclearcomplexatTrombay(AnushaktiNagar)lieswithinitsflightpath.[40][41] MIALwasconsideringconstructingasecondparallelrunwayaspartofitsmasterplan.However,theconstructionofthisrunwaywouldnecessitatealarge-scalerelocationofeitherAirIndia'shangarsandmaintenancefacilitiesortheairport'sflightkitchensandtheSaharpolicestation,amongothers,dependingonitsalignment.Theparallelrunwayremainsanactivepartoftheexpansionplanbutinthemeantimethecrossrunwayisbeingupgradedasmuchaspossible.[42] TheATCtowerasseenfromtheWesternExpressHighway Airtrafficcontroltower[edit] India'ssecondtallestairtrafficcontroltowerwithaheightof87.5 m(287 ft)afterDelhiAirport(101.9 m)standsinasectionoftheparkingareaoppositeterminal1B.Thetriangularthree-dimensionalstructurewithsoftverticesthatwontheHongKongBuildingInformationModelling(BIM)Awardfortheyear2009,hassixstoreyscommencingfrom62.1 m(204 ft).[43]Thetowerwasinauguratedon18October2013[44]andtookoveroperationson1January2014.[45] Fromthenewtower,airtrafficcontrollersareabletosee8 km(5 mi)beyondthethresholdsofbothrunways.Thetoweranditsassociatedtechnicalblockandmechanicalplantbuildingcoveratotalof2,884 m2(31,040 sq ft).[46]Thecostofthefullyequippedtowerisestimatedat₹4 billion.[47][48] ThepreviousATCtower,builtbytheAirportsAuthorityofIndia(AAI)atanoverallprojectcostofabout₹2.80 billion,wasfunctionalfrom1999to2013.[49]Duringthatperiod,manyairlinessuchasSingaporeAirlines,Saudi,QantasandUnitedavoidedlandingatMumbaiairportwhenthesecondaryrunwaywasinuseastheATCtowerwastooclosetotherunwayandnotincompliancewithICAOstandards.Thetowerpenetratedrunway14/32'stransitionalobstaclelimitationsurfacesbyover50metres(forinstrumentapproaches).[50][51]Thetoweralsoobstructedthepathofaparalleltaxiwayunderconstructionforthesecondaryrunway.[45]MIALdemolishedthetowerin2014.[52] Terminals[edit] Theairporthastwoterminalsforscheduledcommercialpassengerservices:Terminal1atSantacruzfordomesticflightsandTerminal2atSaharforbothinternationalanddomesticflights.Whilebothterminalsusethesameairsidefacilities,theyarephysicallyseparatedonthecityside,requiringa15–20-minute(landside)drivebetweenthem.AdedicatedGeneralAviationTerminalcaterstopassengersusingprivateandnon-scheduledflightoperations. Currentlyoperationalterminals[edit] Terminal1[edit] Terminal1,locallyknownasSantacruzAirport,isusedfordomesticflightsprimarilyoperatedbylow-costcarriers.ThiswastheoriginalSantacruzbuildingthatwasMumbai'sfirstpassengerterminalwhichwasonceintegrated,howeverwasrenamedTerminal1aftertheopeningoftheSaharbuildingforinternationaloperationsandbecameadomesticoperationsterminal.Itwasrefurbishedseveraltimesoverthedecades,themostrecentbeingduringthe2000s.ItwasfurtherdividedintoTerminals1A,1B,and1Caftertheirpermanentclosureduringthecourseoflate1990sandearly2000s.ItwasusedbySpiceJet,GoAir,andIndiGo,butafterJetAirwaysdissolvedon17April2019,selectflightsfromalltheTerminal1BairlinesmovedintothenewerT2building.[53]Theterminalhas11passengerboardingbridges.MIALrenamedTerminal1BtoT1inJanuary2017tohelpfliersidentifyiteasily.[54]SeveralairlinesoperateairconditionedCeritabusesownedbyBESTtoferrypassengersbetweentheterminalandaircraft.[55] TerminalT1(SantacruzAirport) Departures Securityholdarea Aerialview Terminal2[edit] Larsen&Toubro(L&T)wasawardedthecontracttoconstructthenewTerminal2,betterknownasT2,inordertodifferentiateitfromtheolderTerminal2building.Skidmore,Owings&Merrill(SOM)wasthearchitecturaldesigneroftheproject.SOMalsoprovidedtheschematicdesignofstructureandMEPandthedetailedstructuraldesignoftheroof.Detaileddesignofthefoundationsandtherestofthestructureandcivilworks,theMEP,IT,andairportsystems,includingthefullconstructiondocumentationoftheprojectwascarriedoutbyL&T'sin-housedesignteam,EDRC(EngineeringDesignandResearchCenter).Theterminalcoversalandareaof210,000squaremetresandhasreplacedthepreviousInternationalTerminal(whichhasalreadybeendemolished).Theentireprojectwasestimatedtocost₹98billion(US$1.2 billion)andemployover12,000workers.[56] TheX-shapedterminalhasatotalfloorareaof450,000squaremetresacrossfourfloorsandhandlesbothdomesticandinternationalpassengers.Itincludesnewtaxiwaysandapronareasforaircraftparkingdesignedtocaterto40millionpassengersannually.[57]Thestructurehasboardinggatesontwopiersextendingsouthwardsfromacentralprocessingbuildingfeaturinga42-metrehighroofemployingover20,000metrictonnesoffabricatedsteelcovering30acres.[58]However,theeasternpierofT2remainstruncatedduetonon-clearanceofslumsintheadjoiningplot,givinganasymmetricallookwhenseenfromabove.ThenewT2buildingoperatesMultipleAircraftRampSystem(MARS)standsandswinggates,sothatasinglestandcanaccommodateeitheronewidebodyaircraftortwonarrowbodyaircraft,ineitherdomesticorinternationalconfiguration.[59]Thenewterminalisconnectedbythesix-laneSaharElevatedAccessRoadtotheWesternExpressHighway.Ametroraillinktotheterminalisunderconstruction.[60] Thenewterminalhasaround21,000squaremetersofretailspace,loungesandtravelservices,over5,000squaremetersoflandscapingandamultilevelcarparkfor5,000cars.[61]TheparkingManagementSystemandRevenuecontrolsystemfortheentireMLCPhasbeendesignedandsuppliedbySKIDATA.[62]Ithas192check-incountersand60immigrationcountersfordepartingpassengers,and14baggagecarouselsand76immigrationcountersforarrivingpassengers.Totransferpassengersacrossitsfourlevels,thebuildinghas48escalatorsand75elevators.Theterminalalsofeatures42travelators.[57] Intheinitialphaseofdevelopment,theapronadjoiningT2providesatotalof48standsincluding3CodeFstands(fortheA380).Inthefinalphaseofdevelopmentatotalof38CodeE/Fcontactstands,14CodeE/Fremotestandsand20CodeCremotestandsareprovided(total72stands).[59] TheGVKLounge,thefirstcommonluxuryloungeatanairportinIndia,openedinNovember2014.[63]TheloungeisopentoFirstclassandBusinessclasstravellersandcanaccommodate440guestsatatime.Itisspreadover30,000squarefeetacrosstwolevelsoftheterminalandhasalibrary,abusinesscentreandfine-diningoptions,apartfromtheusualfacilitieslikeconciergeservices,smokingzone,foodandbeverage,bar,luxuryspa,showerareaandarelaxationarea.Theluxuryloungehaswonthe'World'sLeadingAirportLounge–FirstClass2015'awardattheWorldTravelAwards2015heldinMorocco.[64] TheterminalalsohousestheNirantaAirportTransitHotelandthe32-roomhotelisthefirstofitskindinthecountry.[65]ItislocatedonLevel1oftheterminalandroomsmaybebookedbypassengerswhohavecheckedintotheairport.[66]IWGplc,operatingunderthebrandRegusoperatesasharedworkspaceoutoftheterminal.[67] Theoldinternationalterminalwasclosedpermanentlyat13:00on12February2014,andinternationaloperationsfromthenewterminalcommencedfromthesameday.[14]ThefirstarrivalwasAirIndiaflight343(anAirbusA330-200)fromSingaporeviaChennai,andthefirstdeparturewasJetAirwaysflight118(aBoeing777-300ER)toLondon.ItwasinauguratedbythethenPrimeMinisterofIndiaManmohanSingh.[68]ThedomesticoperationsatT2werelaunchedon9January2015,withtheinauguralflightofVistaraarrivingfromDelhi.[69]Vistarainitiallyoperatedfromlevel4oftheterminal,whichisbeingusedonlybyinternationalpassengers,butinJuly2015,theyshiftedtolevel3,whichwillbeusedonlyfordomesticoperations.[69][70]AirIndiashiftedallitsdomesticoperationsfromTerminal1BtoT2on1October2015makingitthesecondairlinetooperatedomesticflightsfromtheT2Terminal,toeasetheirInternationalandDomesticpassengertransfers,[71][72][73][74]andJetAirwaysshifteditsdomesticoperationstoT2on15March2016,facilitatingaseamlesstransferexperienceforitspassengers,[75]whereasallotherdomesticairlines,namelyIndigo,GoAir,andSpiceJet,tookplace,bothdepartureandarrival,attheolderSantacruzbuilding.[74] AfterthedemiseofJetAirwayson17April2019,othercarrierslaunchedadditionaldomesticflightsusingslotsvacatedbyJetAirways.TheseflightswereoperatedfromT2.[76]Thisarrangementresultedinsomeofthelargercarriershavingtooperatedomesticflightsfrombothterminals.Hence,MIALmovedtostreamlineoperationsatbothterminalsinSeptember2019,shiftingalldomesticoperationsofAirAsiaIndiaandGoAirbacktoT1,whileSpiceJetmovedallofitsdomesticoperationstoT2.[77] SomeoftheartexhibitsatTerminal2 KeyfacilitiesattheNewT2[78] Facilities Current Earlier Parkingstandsforaircraft 108 84 Boardingbridges 60 25 Check-incounters 192 135 Carparking 5,000 3,600 CarParkingandPassengerArrivals AllvehiclesarrivingatT2topickuparrivingpassengersareroutedviatheMulti-LevelCarParkandarechargedafeetocountertrafficcongestionattheairport.Fourwheelersarechargedaminimumfeeof₹140(US$1.80)for30minutesingeneralparkingandtwo-wheelers₹Convertfor240minutes.[79] GeneralAviationTerminal[edit] CSIA'sGeneralAviationTerminalforprivateandnon-scheduledflightoperators(NSOPs)islocatedatKalinaonthesouth-westsideoftheairfield.[80]TheterminalwasapprovedforinternationaloperationsinApril2011,[81]makingCSMIAthefirstairportinIndia[82]tohaveaself-containedterminalforhandlingroundtheclockdomesticandinternationalflightoperationsforprivateandNSOPs.Theterminaloffersfacilitiesforpassengersdepartingandarrivingonprivateaircraftandbusinessjets.Theterminalhastwoexclusivelounges,twoconferencehalls,twocrewrestroomsandacafébar.[83] TerminalT2(SaharAirport) Departures Boardinggates Multi-levelcarparking Interiors Previousterminals[edit] Terminal1A,1B,and1C[edit] WhentheSaharterminalwasopenedinthe1980s,theterminalatSantacruzrevertedtobeingadomesticterminal.Theterminalconsistedofthreestructures,Terminals1A,1B,and1C. Terminal1A-ItwasopenedinApril1992,andwasusedsolelybyIndianAirlines(nowAirIndia).In2005,KingfisherAirlinesalsobeganoperatingfrom1A,afteritenteredintoanagreementtosourceallgroundhandlingandterminalspacefromIndianAirlines.[84]InJune2013,shortlyafterKingfisherceasedoperations,MIALallocatedthevacantspacetoGoAir.[85]From1October2015,AirIndiamovedallofitsTerminal1AoperationstothenewTerminal2.GoAirmoveditsdepartureoperationstoTerminal1Bonthatsamedate,resultingintheclosureoftheTerminal1Adepartureslevel.GoAir,however,continuedtouseTerminal1A'sarrivalslevel[86]until15March2016whenitsarrivalswerealsoshiftedtoTerminal1B[87]andTerminal1Awasshut. Terminal1B-ThiswastheoriginalSantacruzbuildingthatwasMumbai'sfirstpassengerterminalwhichwasonceintegrated,howeverwasrenamedTerminal1aftertheopeningoftheSaharbuildingforinternationaloperationsandbecameadomesticoperationsterminal. Terminal1C-Itwasbuiltatacostof₹3 billionandopenedinApril2010.ArchitecturaldesignwasprovidedbyHafeezContractor.EDRC,thein-housedesignunitoftheEPCcontractorLarsen&Toubro(L&T)performedtheStructural,MEPandIT/Airportsystemsdesign.TheterminalhadsixpassengerboardingbridgesandallowedconnectivitybetweenTerminals1Aand1B.Itwasspreadover297,194sqftacrossthreelevelsandhadaseatingcapacityofabout900passengers.Level1housedtheofficesofMIALandsomeairlines,Level2comprisedthesecurity-holdareaforpassengersaftercheckinginateitherTerminal1Aor1B.Level3accommodatedafoodcourt.[88]Thebuildingservedasaboarding-onlyfacilityforallairlines.PassengersenteredthisfacilityviaTerminal1B. InJanuary2017,MIALrenamedtheTerminal1BasT1.[54] OldTerminal2(Dividedinto2A,2B,and2C)[edit] Terminal2Band2Casseenfromtherunwaybeforebeingdecommissionedanddemolished Terminal2oftheairportislocatedatSaharVillage,inVileParleEast.DesignedbyAéroportsdeParisandopenedinJanuary1981,Terminal2wasbuiltinthreemodularphasesasTerminals2A,2B,and2C.Eachmodulehadacapacityof2.5 millionpassengers.Thisterminalhadanareaof120,000 m2(1,300,000 sq ft).[22] Theterminalstructurewaslaidoutinaspace-savingverticalarrangementwithseparatelevelsforarrivalsanddepartures.Anoverpassonthecity-sidetookpassengerstotheupperleveldepartureforecourt.[25] Theoriginalterminalwasaconvexshapedsingleconcoursebuildingwith14CodeEcontactstands.ThegreaterT2apronalsoprovidedafurther15CodeD/Eand6CodeCremotestands.Thisgaveatotalof35standsontheexistingapron.[59] Thedeparturessectionof2Ahad42check-incounters,18morethanintheinternationalsectionattheSantacruzterminal.Aftercompletingcustomsandimmigrationformalities,thedepartingtravellerswereleddowntoamezzaninefloorwherefiveelongatednodulesconnecttheterminalwiththeaircraftviaaerobridges.[25] Terminal2A-Thisfirstphaseoftheterminalcomplexwascompletedatacostof₹180million(US$2.3 million)[22]anditservedmostinternationalcarriers.Itsboardinggates3to8werethefirstaerobridgesinstalledinthesubcontinent.ItwasdecommissionedanddemolishedinJanuary2009[89]tomakewayforthenewT2structure. Terminal2B-Itcosted₹220million(US$2.8 million)andwascompletedin1984.[22]ItservedAirIndiaandcarriershandledbyAirIndiabetweenSeptember1986andOctober1999andwasdecommissionedwhenTerminal2Copened.ItwasextensivelyrefurbishedandmadeoperationalonceagainfollowingthedemolitionofTerminal2A. Terminal2C-InauguratedinOctober1999,itwasoriginallyandexclusivelyforAirIndia,AirIndiaExpressandthosecarrierswhosegroundoperationswerehandledbyAirIndia. Terminals2Band2CweredecommissionedinFebruary2014whenthenewT2tookoveroperations.Theyweredemolishedlaterthatyear,sothattheremainderofthenewT2couldbecompleted.[90] Cargo[edit] TheAirCargoComplex,locatedwestoftheinternationalpassengerTerminal2,hasbeeninoperationsince1977.[91]Thecargoaproniscapableofhandlingfivewide-bodiedaircraft.In2009–10,theairporthandled385,937metrictonnesofInternationalCargoand165,252metrictonnesofDomesticCargo.[92]AirIndia(AI)andMumbaiInternationalAirportPvtLtd(MIAL)havebeenappointedascustodiansofcargobytheCentralBoardofExciseandCustomsatMumbai.TheCargoTerminalhasaCentreforPerishableCargo(CPC)withanareaof1844m2forperishableandtemperaturesensitiveinternationalexportshipments,strongroomsof115m2forstorageofvaluablecargoandstorageareasfordangerousgoodsinbothimportandexportwarehouses,dedicatedUnaccompaniedBaggagehandlingandclearanceareasand9colouredX-raycargoscreeningmachinesforexportcargo.[93] Apartfromhandling65%oftheinternationalvolumesatCSIA,MIALalsooperatesaCommonUserDomesticCargoFacility.Aftertakingovertheredevelopmentworkoftheairportin2006,MIALcommissionedanoffshoreCommonUserTerminal(CUT)neartheMarolpipelineasatemporaryarrangement.InJune2016,MIALopenedanewdomesticcargoCUTneartheWesternExpressHighwayinVileParle. TheCUThasbeenoutsourcedtoConcorAirLtd.onaBuild-operate-transferbasis.Theterminalhasthecapacitytohandle300,000metrictonnesofcargoannuallyandisbuiltonanareaof60,000squarefeet.TheCargoTerminalisan"elevatedterminalstructure"whereallarrivingdomesticcargoismanagedfromthebasementlevelwhiledepartingcargoishandledattheupperlevel.AirIndiaandBlueDarthandletheirowndomesticcargooperationsattheirownterminals.[94] BlueDartopeneditsdedicatedcargofacilityatMumbaiAirportnearTerminal1on7February2019.Thefacilitymeasures4,300squaremetersandhasair-sideandcity-sideaccess,allowingforfastertransferofshipments.[95] Airlinesanddestinations[edit] Passenger[edit] AirlinesDestinationsAirArabiaSharjah AirArabiaAbuDhabi[96] AirCanadaSeasonal:London–Heathrow(begins31October2022),Toronto–Pearson(resumes31October2022)[97] AirFranceParis–CharlesdeGaulle[98] AirIndiaAbuDhabi,Ahmedabad,Amritsar,Aurangabad,Bahrain,Bangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Bhopal,Bhubaneswar,Chennai,Colombo–Bandaranaike,Dammam,Delhi,Dubai–International,Goa,HongKong(resumes1November2022),[99]Hyderabad,Indore,Jaipur,Jamnagar,Jodhpur,Kochi,Kolkata,KuwaitCity,London–Heathrow,Lucknow,Malé,Muscat,Nagpur,Nairobi–JomoKenyatta,Newark,Patna,Raipur,Rajkot,Riyadh,SanFrancisco(begins15December2022),[100]Singapore,Surat,Thiruvananthapuram,Tirupati,Udaipur,Varanasi,Visakhapatnam[101] AirIndiaExpressDoha,Dubai–International,Mangalore,Sharjah AirAsiaIndiaBagdogra,Bangalore,Bhubaneswar,Chennai,Delhi,Goa,Guwahati,Hyderabad,Jaipur,Kochi,Kolkata,Lucknow,[102]Nagpur,Ranchi,Visakhapatnam AirMauritiusMauritius[103] AirSeychellesMahé[98] AirTanzaniaDaresSalaam[104] AkasaAirAhmedabad,[105]Bangalore,[106]Chennai[107] AllianceAirBhavnagar,Bhuj,Diu,Goa,[108]Keshod,[109]Sindhudurg[110] AllNipponAirwaysTokyo–Narita[98] AzerbaijanAirlinesBaku(begins2November2022)[111] BatikAirMalaysiaKualaLumpur–International[112] BritishAirwaysLondon–Heathrow[98] CathayPacificHongKong[113] EgyptAirCairo[114] EmiratesDubai–International EtihadAirwaysAbuDhabi EthiopianAirlinesAddisAbaba[98] FinnairHelsinki[115][116] FlyBaghdadBaghdad,Najaf FlydubaiDubai–International flynasDammam(begins10November2022),[117]Riyadh(begins20October2022)[118] GoFirst[119]AbuDhabi,Ahmedabad,Amritsar,[120]Bangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Chandigarh,Chennai,Coimbatore,Dammam,Dehradun,Delhi,Doha,Goa,Hyderabad,Jaipur,Jammu,Kannur,Kochi,Kolkata,Leh,Lucknow,Malé,Muscat,Nagpur,Patna,Phuket,PortBlair,Ranchi,Sharjah,Srinagar,Varanasi GulfAirBahrain[121] IndiGoAbuDhabi,Agra,[122]Ahmedabad,Allahabad,Amritsar,Aurangabad,Bagdogra,Bahrain,[123]Bangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[124]Bareilly,[125]Bhopal,Bhubaneswar,Chandigarh,Chennai,Coimbatore,Colombo–Bandaranaike,Dammam,Dehradun,Delhi,Dhaka(begins31October2022),[126]Dibrugarh,Doha,Dubai–International,Gaya,[127]Goa,Gorakhpur,Guwahati,Hubli,Hyderabad,Imphal,Indore,Jabalpur,Jaipur,Jammu,Jeddah,Jodhpur,Kanpur,[128]Kathmandu,Kochi,Kolkata,Kozhikode,KuwaitCity,Lucknow,Malé,Mangalore,Muscat,Nagpur,Patna,Phuket,[124]Raipur,Rajkot,[129]Ranchi,RasAlKhaimah,[130]Riyadh,Sharjah,Singapore,Surat,Thiruvananthapuram,Tirupati,Udaipur,Vadodara,Varanasi,Vijayawada,[131]Visakhapatnam IranAirTehran–ImamKhomeini IraqiAirwaysBaghdad,Najaf JazeeraAirwaysKuwaitCity[132] KLMAmsterdam[98] KenyaAirwaysNairobi–JomoKenyatta KuwaitAirwaysKuwaitCity LOTPolishAirlinesWarsaw–Chopin[133] LufthansaFrankfurt,Munich[134] MalaysiaAirlinesKualaLumpur–International[citationneeded] NepalAirlinesKathmandu[135] OmanAirMuscat QatarAirwaysDoha RwandAirKigali,Mombasa SaudiaJeddah,Riyadh SingaporeAirlinesSingapore SpiceJetAhmedabad,Ajmer,Amritsar,Bagdogra,Bangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Belgaum,Chennai,Darbhanga,[136]Dehradun,Delhi,Dhaka,[137]Dubai–International,Durgapur,Goa,Gorakhpur,Guwahati,Gwalior,[138]Jabalpur,Jaipur,Jeddah,[137]Jodhpur,Kandla,Kanpur,Kolkata,Kushinagar,Leh,Madurai,Mangalore,Patna,Porbandar,Rajkot,RasAlKhaimah,Riyadh,[137]Srinagar,Surat,Thiruvananthapuram,Tirupati,[137]Udaipur,Varanasi[139] SriLankanAirlinesColombo–Bandaranaike StarAirBelgaum,Kolhapur[140] SwissInternationalAirLinesZürich[98] ThaiAirwaysBangkok–Suvarnabhumi[141] ThaiLionAirBangkok–DonMueang ThaiSmileBangkok–Suvarnabhumi[142] TruJetJalgaon,Kolhapur,Nanded[143] TurkishAirlinesIstanbul UnitedAirlinesNewark(resumes29October2022)[144] UzbekistanAirwaysTashkent VietJetDaNang(begins17October2022),[145]Hanoi,HoChiMinhCity,PhuQuoc[146] VirginAtlanticLondon–Heathrow VistaraAbuDhabi,[147]Ahmedabad,Bangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[148]Bhubaneswar,[149]Chandigarh,Chennai,Coimbatore,[150]Dehradun,Delhi,Dubai–International,Goa,Hyderabad,Jaipur,[151]Jeddah,[152]Kolkata,Singapore,Srinagar,Malé,Udaipur,Varanasi[153] YemeniaAden[154] Cargo[edit] AirlinesDestinationsAeroLogicFrankfurt BlueDartAviation[155]Ahmedabad,Bangalore,Delhi,Hyderabad[156] CathayPacificCargo[157][158]Amsterdam,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Chennai,Frankfurt,HongKong,London–Heathrow,Milan–Malpensa,Paris–CharlesdeGaulle ChinaAirlinesCargoLuxembourg,Taipei–Taoyuan EmiratesSkyCargoBangkok-Suvarnabhumi,Dubai-AlMaktoum EthiopianAirlinesCargo[159]AddisAbaba,Guangzhou FedExExpressBangalore,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Dubai–International,Guangzhou,Hahn,HongKong,Milan-Malpensa,Memphis,Paris–CharlesdeGaulle,Tokyo–Narita LufthansaCargo[160]Almaty,Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,Cologne/Bonn,Frankfurt,HongKong,Krasnoyarsk,Leipzig/Halle MASkargo[161]KualaLumpur–International QatarAirwaysCargo[162]Doha,Macau SaudiaCargo[163]Dammam,Jeddah,Riyadh SichuanAirlinesChengdu SingaporeAirlinesCargoSingapore SpiceXpressSingapore[164] TurkishCargo[165]Doha,Dubai–AlMaktoum,Hanoi,Istanbul YTOCargoAirlinesKunming Statistics[edit] AnnualpassengertrafficatBOMairport. SeeWikidataquery. Connectivity[edit] VileParleisarailwaystationontheWesternlineandHarbourlineoftheMumbaiSuburbanRailwaynetworkclosesttobothT1andT2oftheairport. AirportRoadandMarolNakaarethestationsonLine1oftheMumbaiMetrosystemclosesttoTerminalT2. WesternExpressHighway(WEH)isthestationonLine1oftheMumbaiMetrosystemclosesttoTerminalT1. TheBrihanmumbaiElectricitySupplyandTransportUndertaking(BEST)operatesair-conditionedbusestotheAirportfromAndherirailwaystation.[166][167]TheNaviMumbaiMunicipalTransport(NMMT)runsbusservicestotheAirportfromvariousnodesofNaviMumbai.[168] Upcomingairportmetrostations[edit] Mainarticle:Line3(MumbaiMetro) Line3oftheMumbaiMetrowillrunundergroundfromCuffeParadetoSEEPZandserveCSMIAviathreestations–oneeachattheSantacruzandSaharterminalsandoneintheGVKSkyCity.[169]ItwillreducethecommutetimebetweenColabaandtheairportto40minutes.[170] Inearly2012,theMMRDAheldtalkswithMIALtoeitherconstructorfinancetheconstructionofthreeoftheline'sstations.[171]MIALagreedtobearthecostofconstructingthethreestations,expectedtototal₹777 crore,becauseofthepotentialincreaseinpassengerconvenience.However,CSIAplacedconditionsbeforeMMRDAforthecorridor;[171] Themetrolineshouldoperatetwenty-fourhoursadayinordertoservepassengersofinternationalflightsscheduledatoddhours. Aprovisionbemadeforacheck-infacilityatallmetrostations. MIALspecifiedthatthecommercialrightsofthethreestationsitconstructswillfullyrestwiththeauthority,andthatrevenueearnedfromanycommercialactivityonthepremiseswouldgotoMIAL.Itwouldundertakethedesignandcivilconstructionofthestations,costing₹600 crore,onitsown,andwouldpaytheestimatedcostofelectromechanicalequipment(around₹177 crore)toMMRDAinthreeequalinstalmentsoverthreeyears.[169] Mainarticle:Line7(MumbaiMetro) Line7Aisanextensionofthe16.475 km(10.237 mi)[172]long'RedLine'thatwillconnecttoT2.[173] ThelinewillhaveanundergroundstationatCSMIA.[174] Civilworkonthislinebeganinearly2020andistobecompletedbyDecember2021.[175] TheMMRDAhasalsoplannedalinebetweenCSMIAandtheproposedNaviMumbaiInternationalAirport.[174] Accidentsandincidents[edit] Thissectionneedsadditionalcitationsforverification.Pleasehelpimprovethisarticlebyaddingcitationstoreliablesources.Unsourcedmaterialmaybechallengedandremoved.(June2014)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage) 1940s[edit] On12July1949,Franeker,aLockheedL-749-79-33Constellation(registeredPH-TDF)crashedintohillsbetweenGhatkoparandPowaikilling33passengersand11crewmembers.ThevictimsincludedalargenumberofAmericanjournalistsincludingPulitzerPrizewinnerHubertRenfroKnickerbocker.Theblamewasputonpiloterror.[176] 1950s[edit] On19July1959,RaniofAera,aLockheedL-1049GSuperConstellation(registeredVT-DIN)carrying46people(39passengersand7crew)approachedSantacruzAirportinconditionsofpoorvisibilityduetorain.Thecaptainwasusinganaltimeterwiththebarometricpressuresetat29.92".Theaircraftcrashedandsuffereddamagebeyondrepair.Therewerenofatalities.[177] 1960s[edit] On28July1963,UnitedArabAirlinesFlight869boundfromTokyotoCairo,withapartialstopinBombay,crashedintotheArabianSeabeforeapproachingSantacruzAirport.All63peopleonboard(55passengersand8crewmembers)died,including24passengersfromthePhilippineswhowereduetotraveltoGreecetoattendthe11thWorldScoutJamboree. On28May1968,GarudaIndonesianAirwaysFlight892,aConvair990AboundforAmsterdambutwasonitsnextflightsegmentfromBombaytoKarachi,crashedminutesaftertakeofffromSantacruzAirport.All29peopleonboard(15passengersand14crewmembers)died.Inaddition,therewasalsoonecasualtyontheground.[178] 1970s[edit] On12October1976:IndianAirlinesFlight171,aSudAviationSE210Caravellehaditsrightenginecatchfireshortlyaftertakeoff.Thecrewattemptedtoreturn,buttheplanecrashedapproximately1000feetshortofRunway09.Allsixcrewmembersandtheir89passengerswerekilled. On1January1978:AirIndiaFlight855aBoeing747-237BcrashedintotheArabianSeaaftertakeofffromMumbai,killingallonboard(213persons;190passengers,23crew). On4August1979:aHawkerSiddeleyHS748aircraftwasapproachingSaharInternationalAirport(nowChhatrapatiShivajiMaharajInternationalAirport)atnightandinpoorweatherwhenitflewintohighterrainapproximately6 mi(9.7 km)fromtheairport,killingthefourcrewandtheir41passengers. 1980s[edit] On21June1982,AirIndiaFlight403,aBoeing707–420(registeredVT-DJJ)carrying99passengersand12crewfromKualaLumpurtoBombayviaMadrascrashedwhilelandingatSaharInternationalAirportduringarainstorm.Thefuselagebrokeapartandseventeenpeopleincludingtwocrewmemberswerekilled.[179][180] 1990s[edit] On12March1993,duringaseriesofbombingsinBombay,grenadeswerethrownattheterminaloftheairport.Therewerenodeaths.[181]Inaddition,explosionswentoffintheAirportHotelnexttotheairport.[182] 2000s,2010sand2020s[edit] On4September2009,AirIndiaFlight829aBoeing747–437flyingontheMumbai-RiyadhroutecaughtfireattheAirport.ThefirestartedinnumberoneenginewhiletheaircraftwastaxiingtoRunway27fortake-off.Anemergencyevacuationwascarriedoutwithnoinjuriesamongthe228people(213passengersand15crew)onboard.[183][184][185] InDecember2015,anAirIndiatechniciandiedinafreakaccidentafterbeingsuckedintotheengineofanAirbusA320duringpushback.Theplane,AirIndiaFlight619wasboundforHyderabad.Althoughtherewerenocasualtiesaboardtheaircraft,Thetechniciandiedaftertheco-pilotmistookasignalandstartedtheengine.[186] On6May2021,amedicalairplanecarryingtwocrew,adoctor,aCOVID-19patient,andoneofthepatient'srelativesperformedabellylandingafterlosingawheelearlierintheflightwhiledepartingfromarefuellingstop.Airportfirefighterssprayedfoamontotherunwaytopreventfire,andtherewerenoinjuries.[187][188] Seealso[edit] L&TRealty Larsen&Toubro ListofairportsinIndia ListofthebusiestairportsinIndia MumbaiPortTrust NaviMumbaiInternationalAirport 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