Tain - Wikipedia

Tain (Gaelic: Baile Dhubhthaich) is a royal burgh and parish in the County of Ross, in the Highlands of Scotland. Tain. Scottish Gaelic: Baile Dhubhthaich. Tain FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Forotheruses,seeTain(disambiguation). HumansettlementinScotlandTainScottishGaelic:BaileDhubhthaichTainLocationwithintheHighlandcouncilareaArea2.12 km2(0.82 sq mi)Population3,570 (mid-2020 est.)[1]• Density1,684/km2(4,360/sq mi)OS grid referenceNH779821• Edinburgh133 mi(214 km)• London463 mi(745 km)Council areaHighlandLieutenancy areaRossandCromartyCountryScotlandSovereign stateUnitedKingdomPosttownTAINPostcode districtIV19Dialling code01862PoliceScotlandFireScottishAmbulanceScottish UK ParliamentCaithness,SutherlandandEasterRossScottish ParliamentCaithness,SutherlandandRoss Listofplaces UK Scotland 57°48′42″N4°03′24″W/57.81178°N4.05670°W/57.81178;-4.05670Coordinates:57°48′42″N4°03′24″W/57.81178°N4.05670°W/57.81178;-4.05670 Tain(Gaelic:BaileDhubhthaich)isaroyalburghandparishintheCountyofRoss,intheHighlandsofScotland. Contents 1Etymology 2History 3Facilities 4RAFTain 5Sport&recreation 6Localgeographicalandvisitorfeatures 7Parliamentaryburgh 8Notablepeople 9Climate 10FreedomoftheRoyalBurgh 10.1Individuals 11References 12Externallinks Etymology[edit] ThenamederivesfromthenearbyRiverTain,thenameofwhichcomesfromanIndo-Europeanrootmeaning'flow'.[2]TheGaelicname,BaileDubhthaich,means'Duthac'stown',afteralocalsaintalsoknownasDuthus.[3] History[edit] Tainwasgranteditsfirstroyalcharterin1066,makingitScotland'soldestroyalburgh,[4]commemoratedin1966withtheopeningoftheRoseGardenbyQueenElizabeth,theQueenMother.The1066charter,grantedbyKingMalcolmIII,confirmedTainasasanctuary,wherepeoplecouldclaimtheprotectionofthechurch,andanimmunity,inwhichresidentmerchantsandtraderswereexemptfromcertaintaxes.[4] LittleisknownofearlierhistoryalthoughthetownowedmuchofitsimportancetoDuthac.HewasanearlyChristianfigure,perhaps8thor9thcentury,whoseshrinehadbecomesoimportantby1066thatitresultedintheroyalcharter.Theruinedchapelnearthemouthoftheriverwassaidtohavebeenbuiltonthesiteofhisbirth.Duthacbecameanofficialsaintin1419andbythelateMiddleAgeshisshrinewasanimportantplaceofpilgrimageinScotland.KingJamesIVcameatleastonceayearthroughouthisreigntoachievebothspiritualandpoliticalaims.[4] Aleadinglandowningfamilyofthearea,theClanMunro,providedpoliticalandreligiousfigurestothetown,includingthedissentertheRev.JohnMunroofTain(diedca.1630).[5] TheearlyDuthacChapelwasthecentreofasanctuary.Fugitiveswerebytraditiongivensanctuaryinseveralsquaremilesmarkedbyboundarystones.DuringtheFirstWarofScottishIndependence,RoberttheBrucesenthiswifeanddaughtertothesanctuaryforsafety.ThesanctuarywasviolatedandtheywerecapturedbyforcesloyaltoWilliamII,EarlofRosswhohandedthemovertoEdwardIofEngland.[6] Facilities[edit] TheRoyalHotel TainTolbooth TainrailwaystationisontheFarNorthLine.Thestationisunmanned;initsheydayithad30staff.ThestationwasopenedbytheHighlandRailwayon1January1864.From1January1923,thestationwasownedbytheLondonMidlandandScottishRailway.Thenin1948theBritishrailwayswerenationalisedasBritishRailways.Aftertherailwayswereprivatised,thestationwasservedbyScotRail.[7] NotablebuildingsinthetownincludeTainTolboothandStDuthusCollegiateChurch.[8]Thetownalsohasalocalhistorymuseum,TainThroughTime,andtheGlenmorangiedistillery.[9] Tainhastwoprimaryschools;Craighill(274pupilsasofApril2011)andKnockbreck(justunder120pupilsasofApril2011).Thereisalsoasecondaryschool,TainRoyalAcademy,with590pupilsasofJanuary2017.[10] RAFTain[edit] Mainarticle:RAFTain Withconflictloominginthe1930s,anaerodromelargeenoughforbomberswasbuiltnexttothetownonlowalluviallandknownastheFendomborderingtheDornochFirth.ItwashometoBritish,Czech(311Sqn)andPolishairmenduringtheSecondWorldWar.ItwasabandonedasaflyinglocationafterthewarandconvertedtoabombingrangefortheFleetAirArmoftheRoyalNavy.WhenBritishnavalaviationmovedfromlargefleetaircraftcarriers,therolewastakenoverbytheRAF.In1939RAFStationLossiemouthopenedandwasuseduntil1946whentheairfieldwastransferredtotheAdmiraltyandbecomingRoyalNavalAirStation(RNAS)LossiemouththenreturningtotheRAFin1972asaRAFairfieldandtheTainrangerevertedtotheRAF.LargepartsoftheoriginalaerodromewerereturnedtocivilianuseaftertheSecondWorldWarandsomearestillaccessible.[11] Sport&recreation[edit] TheStDuthacCentre,StaffordStreet TainGolfCluboffersaChampionshiplengthlinksgolfcourse.OverlookingtheDornochFirth,thecoursewasfirstdesignedbyOldTomMorrisin1890.[12]StDuthusvBroraRangersApril2017TainisrepresentedintheScottishFootballAssociationaffiliatedNorthCaledonianFootballLeaguebyseniorfootballclubStDuthusFootballClubduringtheregularfootballseason.[13] Localgeographicalandvisitorfeatures[edit] TheGizzenBriggsaresandbarsattheentrancetotheDornochFirth,andwiththerightwind,theycanbeheardatlowtide.Theso-called"milliondollarview"tothenorth-westofTain,accessibleviatheA836westwardtowardsBonarBridgeandthentheB9176StruieRoad,givesapanoramicviewofDornochFirthandSutherland.[14] Fiveimportantcastlesareinthevicinity–CarbisdaleCastle,builtfortheDowagerDuchessofSutherlandandnowayouthhostel;SkiboCastle,oncehomeoftheindustrialistAndrewCarnegieandnowahotel;DunrobinCastle,ancestralseatoftheDukeofSutherland(castleandgardensopentothepublic);BalnagownCastle,ancestralseatoftheClanRoss,restoredandownedbyMohammedAlFayed;andBalloneCastle,restoredbytheownersofalocalcraftsbusiness.[15] HighlandFineCheeses,runbyRuaridhStone(thebrotherofLiberalDemocratMPJamieStone),haveafactoryatBlarliathFarm,Tain.[16] JustoutsideHillofFearnnearTainliesthesiteofthemedievalFearnAbbey.[17] Parliamentaryburgh[edit] Tainwasaparliamentaryburgh,combinedwithDingwall,Dornoch,KirkwallandWickintheNorthernBurghsconstituencyoftheHouseofCommonsoftheParliamentofGreatBritainfrom1708to1801andoftheParliamentoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1801to1918.TheconstituencywasadistrictofburghsknownalsoasTainBurghsuntil1832,andthenasWickBurghs.ItwasrepresentedbyoneMemberofParliament(MP).In1918theconstituencywasabolished,andTainwasmergedintoRossandCromarty.[18] Notablepeople[edit] SaintDuthac(1000–1065),11thcenturysaint SirJohnFraser(1885–1947),surgeon PeterFraser(1884–1950),24thprimeministerofNewZealand,wasborninHillofFearnavillagenearbyTain. GeorgeMacKenzieFRSE(1886–1957),presidentoftheInstituteofBanking1941–5[19] RevJohnMunroofTain,17th-centuryreligiousdissenter,wasaministerhere. RevDavidRobertson(1962–)theformerFreeChurchofScotlandmoderatorandChristiancommentator,grewupinPortmahomack. ElizabethNessMacBeanRoss(1878–1915),physicianwhowasraisedhereandattendedTainRoyalAcademy. JohnRoss(1726–1800) VeryRevWalterRossTaylor(1805–1896),servedasModeratoroftheGeneralAssemblytotheFreeChurchofScotlandin1884. ProfessorThomasSummersWestCBE,FRS,(1927–2010),aninternationallyacclaimedanalyticalchemist,wenttoschoolatTainRoyalAcademy.[20] Climate[edit] Tainhasanoceanicclimate(Köppen:Cfb)withcooltomildtemperaturesyearround. ClimatedataforTainRange(4 mor13 ftasl,averages1981–2010) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Averagehigh°C(°F) 6.4(43.5) 7.0(44.6) 9.1(48.4) 11.3(52.3) 13.8(56.8) 16.3(61.3) 18.4(65.1) 18.1(64.6) 16.0(60.8) 12.5(54.5) 9.0(48.2) 6.4(43.5) 12.1(53.8) Averagelow°C(°F) 0.4(32.7) 0.3(32.5) 1.8(35.2) 3.3(37.9) 5.4(41.7) 8.4(47.1) 10.5(50.9) 10.2(50.4) 8.0(46.4) 5.2(41.4) 2.5(36.5) 0.0(32.0) 4.7(40.5) Averagerainfallmm(inches) 59.5(2.34) 45.9(1.81) 51.9(2.04) 40.7(1.60) 48.7(1.92) 51.7(2.04) 54.2(2.13) 56.9(2.24) 53.7(2.11) 71.4(2.81) 59.4(2.34) 52.5(2.07) 646.4(25.45) Averagerainydays(≥1mm) 13.0 11.0 12.9 9.5 11.1 10.8 10.9 11.3 10.3 14.3 12.3 13.6 140.8 Meanmonthlysunshinehours 40 70 102 138 184 152 143 133 112 83 49 31 1,237 Source1:MetOffice[21] Source2:ScottishPlaces[22] FreedomoftheRoyalBurgh[edit] ThefollowingpeopleandmilitaryunitshavereceivedtheFreedomoftheRoyalBurghofTain. Thislistisincomplete;youcanhelpbyaddingmissingitems.(December2020) Individuals[edit] SirArthurBignold:1907. ColonelJamesAlexanderFrancisHumberstonStewartMackenzieofSeaforth:1907[23][24] SirJohnFraserBtKCVOMCFRSE:1925.[25] References[edit] ^"Mid-2020PopulationEstimatesforSettlementsandLocalitiesinScotland".NationalRecordsofScotland.31March2022.Retrieved31March2022. ^Taylor,Iain.Place-namesofScotland.Edinburgh:BirlinnLtd.p. 149.ISBN 978-1-78027-005-0. ^IainMacanTailleir."Placenames"(PDF).Pàrlamaidnah-Alba.Archivedfromtheoriginal(PDF)on29May2008.Retrieved23July2007. ^abc"TainCommunityWebsite–History&Heritage".www.tain.org.uk.Archivedfromtheoriginalon19February2016.Retrieved8June2016. ^"TheRegisterofthePrivyCouncilofScotland:1604-1607".ThePrivyCouncilofScotland.1885.Retrieved14August2022. ^RobertBruceandtheCommunityoftheRealmofScotland,byG.W.S.Barrow,publishedEdinburgh,1965 ^"TainStation".ScotRail.Retrieved14August2022. ^"StDuthusCollegiateChurch".RossandCromartyHeritage.Retrieved14August2022. ^Moore,Charlotte(22October2004)."FamilysellsGlenmorangietocognacmaker".TheGuardian.Retrieved23March2014. ^"TainRoyalAcademy".education.gov.scot.EducationScotland.Retrieved12January2017. ^WarDetectives."RoyalAirForceTain".Retrieved1April2008. ^"HomePage".TainGolfClub.Retrieved11Apr2011. ^Club,StDuthusFootball."StDuthusacceptedintotheNorthCaledonianFA|StDuthusFootballClub-Tain,Highland,Scotland".www.stduthusfc.co.uk.Retrieved8June2016. ^"MillionDollarView(Struie)".EasterRossPeninsula.Retrieved14August2022. ^HistoricEnvironmentScotland."BalloneCastle(15632)".Canmore.Retrieved14August2022. ^"OurStory".HighlandFineCheeses.Archivedfromtheoriginalon31July2020.Retrieved18November2020. ^MacGibbon,David;Ross,Thomas(1896).TheEcclesiasticalArchitectureofScotland.Edinburgh.p. 2:543–44.Retrieved29June2017. ^LeighRayment'sHistoricalListofMPs–Constituenciesbeginningwith"R"(part2) ^BiographicalIndexofFormerFellowsoftheRoyalSocietyofEdinburgh1783–2002(PDF).TheRoyalSocietyofEdinburgh.July2006.ISBN 090219884X. ^"Obituary,ThomasSummersWest"(PDF).RoyalSocietyofEdinburgh.Retrieved20June2012. ^"TainRange(Highland)UKclimateaverages".MetOffice.Archivedfromtheoriginalon21March2020.Retrieved11September2019. ^"ClimateinformationforTain".ScottishPlaces.Archivedfromtheoriginalon21March2020.Retrieved17October2015. ^"TainMuseumImageLibrary–FreedomoftheBurgh,SirArthurBignold".www.tainmuseum.org.uk. ^"RossandCromartyHeritage–History". ^"SirJohnFraserDead".TheGlasgowHerald.2December1947.p. 4.Retrieved1April2018. Externallinks[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoTain. Taincommunitywebsite TainThroughTime Tain&DistrictFieldClub TainGolfClub StDuthusFootballClub TainThistleFootballClub Authoritycontrol VIAF 1 WorldCat Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tain&oldid=1104587049" Categories:TainPopulatedplacesinRossandCromartyParishesinRossandCromartyTownsinHighland(councilarea)RoyalburghsHiddencategories:WikipediaarticlesincorporatinganLRPP-MPtemplatewithtwounnamedparametersUsedmydatesfromOctober2019ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataArticlescontainingScottishGaelic-languagetextArticleswithOSgridcoordinatesCoordinatesonWikidataArticlesusingsmallmessageboxesIncompletelistsfromDecember2020CommonscategorylinkfromWikidataArticleswithVIAFidentifiersArticleswithWORLDCATIDidentifiers Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommonsWikivoyage Languages تۆرکجهCatalàCebuanoCymraegDeutschEspañolEuskaraفارسیFrançaisGaeilgeGàidhligItalianoNederlandsNorskbokmålNorsknynorskPolskiScotsSrpskohrvatski/српскохрватскиSvenska中文 Editlinks