Cost-benefit ratioBc ratiocost benefit ratio中文Cost-benefit analysis formulaCost benefit analysis exampleCost analysisBCR PMPBenefit Cost Ratio bcr examplebenefit cost ratio中文Discount rate cost-benefit analysisNet benefit formulaCost benefit analysis net present value

Benefit-Cost Ratio

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The total discounted benefits are divided by the total discounted costs. Projects with a benefit-cost ratio greater than 1 have greater benefits than costs; ... TransportationBenefit-CostAnalysisSearchthissite NavigationBenefit-CostAnalysisWhentoUseBenefit-CostAnalysisBCAvs.EconomicImpactAnalysisAnalysisFrameworkPerspectiveandScopeDefiningAlternativesGeographicScopeLevelofEffortProjectDescriptionProjectScheduleAnalysisPurposeProjectObjectivesandImpactsTimePeriodofAnalysisBenefitsTravelTimeCategoriesIssuestoConsiderVehicleCostsMethodologySafetyValuingAccidentsChangeinAccidentRatesTotalAccidentValueEmissionsMethodologyPrioritizingProjectsGreenhouseGasesInducedTravelEstimatingInducedTravelEvaluatingBenefitsFurtherReadingTravelTimeReliabilityReliabilityandBCANoiseMeasuringandEstimatingNoiseNoiseAbatementVeryLargeProjectsConstructionDisbenefitsHabitatandWaterQualityEconomicEffectsCommunityImpactsParkingCostsEquityandOptionValueBenefitsCostsInitialCostsContinuingCostsRehabilitationCostsEndofProjectCostsTypesofMeasuresBenefit-CostRatioNetPresentValueCostEffectivenessInternalRateofReturnPaybackPeriodGraphicalRepresentationCalculationIssuesValuingBenefitsContingentValuationHedonicPricingInflationDiscountingTransfersandDoubleCountingJointandSunkCostsUncertaintySensitivityAnalysisPresentationBCAModelsandToolsParametersPublishedGuidanceandReferencesOtherWebsitesAcknowledgementsTRBTransportationEconomicsCommitteeSitemap TypesofMeasures‎>‎ Benefit-CostRatio Thetotaldiscountedbenefitsaredividedbythetotaldiscountedcosts.Projectswithabenefit-costratiogreaterthan1havegreaterbenefitsthancosts;hencetheyhavepositivenetbenefits.Thehighertheratio,thegreaterthebenefitsrelativetothecosts.Notethatsimplebenefit-costratioisinsensitivetothemagnitudeofnetbenefitsandthereforemayfavorprojectswithsmallcostsandbenefitsoverthosewithhighernetbenefits.(Thisproblemcanbeeliminatedbytheuseoftheincrementalbenefit-costratioorthenetpresentvalue.)   CalculatingtheSimpleBenefit-CostRatio n+1=thenumberofyearsoverwhichbenefitsandcostsareanalyzedBi=thebenefitsoftheprojectinyeari,i=0tonCi=thecostsoftheprojectinyearid=thediscountrate First,discountthecostsandbenefitsinfutureyears.Thediscountedbenefitsoftheprojectinyeari areequaltoBi/(1+d)iThediscountedcostsoftheprojectinyeari areequalto Ci/(1+d)i   Then,sumboththediscountedbenefitsandthediscountedcostsoverallyears(0thoughn)anddividethesumofthediscountedbenefitsbythesumofthediscountedcosts: Σ(Bi/(1+d)i)/Σ(Ci/(1+d)i),summedoveri=0ton. CalculatingtheIncrementalBenefit-CostRatio Thismethodisapplicableiftherearetwoormorealternativeprojectstocomparetothebasecase.Itisalsoknownasthe"Challenger-DefenderMethod." Bk=thetotaldiscountedbenefitsofanalternativek,calculatedasaboveCk=thetotaldiscountedcostsofanalternativek,calculatedasabove First,discountallfuturecostsandbenefitstoobtainCkandBkforeachalternativeandforthebasecase.Thenstartbyidentifyingthebasecaseasthedefender,representedbythesubscript"f."Pickthealternativewiththeleastvalueoftotaldiscountedcostsasthechallenger"c."Calculatetheincrementalbenefit-costratiotocomparethechallengeranddefender: (Bf-Bd)/(Cf-Cd)IftheincrementalB/Cratioisgreaterthan1,thechallengerbecomesthedefender.Otherwise,thedefenderremains.Ineithercase,thenextalternativeinorderorincreasingvalueofCkispickedasthenewchallenger.Continuetocomparechallengertodefenderfollowingtheabovelogicuntilallalternativeshavebeenconsidered.Thesurvivingdefenderistheeconomicallypreferredalternative. ThisprocedureismathematicallyequivalenttoNetPresentValue,anditalwaysgivesthesameresult,butuseofthisproceduremayprovidegreaterinsightsintotherelationshipsbetweencostsandbenefitsofthedifferentprojects. Signin|ReportAbuse|PrintPage|PoweredByGoogleSites

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