In this tutorial we gonna study about storage of data/files in android external storage or you can say the secondary memory/SD card of your phone.
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ExternalStorageTutorialInAndroidStudioWithExampleInthistutorialwegonnastudyaboutstorageofdata/filesinandroidexternalstorageoryoucansaythesecondarymemory/SDcardofyourphone.Thedataisstoredinafilespecifiedbytheuseritselfandusercanaccessthesefile.ThesefilesareonlyaccessibletilltheapplicationexitsoryouhaveSDcardmountedonyourdevice.
ImportantNote:Itisnecessarytoaddexternalstoragethepermissiontoreadandwrite.ForthatyouneedtoaddpermissioninandroidManifestfile.
OpenAndroidManifest.xmlfileandaddpermissionstoitjustafterthepackagename.
ExternalStorageAvailabilityInAndroidStudio
ToavoidcrashingappitisrequiredtocheckbeforewhetherstorageSDcardisavailableforread&writeoperations.getExternalStorageState()methodisusedtodeterminethestateofthestoragemediai.eSDcardismounted,isitreadable,itiswritableetc..allthiskindofinformation.
booleanisAvailable=false;
booleanisWritable=false;
booleanisReadable=false;
Stringstate=Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)){
//Readandwriteoperationpossible
isAvailable=true;
isWritable=true;
isReadable=true;
}elseif(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY.equals(state)){
//Readoperationpossible
isAvailable=true;
isWritable=false;
isReadable=true;
}else{
//SDcardnotmounted
isAvailable=false;
isWritable=false;
isReadable=false;}
Methodsto StoreDataInAndroid:
getExternalStorageDirectory()–OlderwaytoaccessexternalstorageinAPI Levellessthan7.Itisabsolutenowandnotrecommended.ItdirectlygetthereferencetotherootdirectoryofyourexternalstorageorSDCard.
getExternalFilesDir(Stringtype)– Itisrecommendedwaytoenableustocreateprivatefilesspecifictoappandfilesareremovedasappisuninstalled.Exampleisappprivatedata.
getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(): Thisis currentrecommendedwaythatenableustokeepfilespublicandarenotdeletedwiththeappuninstallation.Exampleimagesclickedbythecameraexistsevenweuninstallthecameraapp.
ExternalStorageExampleInAndroidStudio
Belowistheexampletoshowhowusercanuseexternalmemoryfordatastorage.Herewearecreatingtwoactivities,thefirstactivitycontaintheformthatwillstoredatainfileandsecondisusedtoloaddatawhichissaved.
DownloadCode
Step1:CreateanewprojectandnameitExternalStorageExample.
Step2:Openres->layout->activity_main.xml(or)main.xmlandaddfollowingcode:
Inthiscodesimplyaddtextview,edittextandbuttonforonclickfunctionality.
Step3:Opensrc->package->MainActivity.java
InthisstepweopenMainActivityandaddthefunctionsdefinedoverbuttonsonclick.ThesavePrivateandsavePublicfunctiongetthedatafromedittextandsaveitinbyteformatinfile.Alsotoastisusedtodisplaythepathwherefileisstoredwithfilename.Thenextfunctionusesintenttomovetothenextactivityassociatedwithit.
ImportantNote:ThereisadifferencewhileretrievingdatawithdifferentAPIlevel.ThepermissionconcepthaschangedsinceAPI23.BeforeAPIlevel23theuserwasaskedduringinstallation,afterAPIlevel23theuserisaskedduringruntime.SoanadditionalruntimepermissionisaddedintheapplicationoperatingovertheAPIlevelabove23.
packagecom.example.externalstorageexample;
importandroid.Manifest;
importandroid.content.Intent;
importandroid.os.Environment;
importandroid.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
importandroid.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.view.View;
importandroid.widget.EditText;
importandroid.widget.Toast;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.io.FileOutputStream;
importjava.io.IOException;
publicclassMainActivityextendsAppCompatActivity{
EditTexteditText;
privateintSTORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE=23;
@Override
protectedvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
editText=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText2);
}
publicvoidnext(Viewview){
Intentintent=newIntent(MainActivity.this,Main2Activity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
publicvoidsavePublic(Viewview){
//Permissiontoaccessexternalstorage
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,newString[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},STORAGE_PERMISSION_CODE);
Stringinfo=editText.getText().toString();
Filefolder=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_ALARMS);//FolderName
FilemyFile=newFile(folder,"myData1.txt");//Filename
writeData(myFile,info);
editText.setText("");
}
publicvoidsavePrivate(Viewview){
Stringinfo=editText.getText().toString();
Filefolder=getExternalFilesDir("AbhiAndroid");//FolderName
FilemyFile=newFile(folder,"myData2.txt");//Filename
writeData(myFile,info);
editText.setText("");
}
privatevoidwriteData(FilemyFile,Stringdata){
FileOutputStreamfileOutputStream=null;
try{
fileOutputStream=newFileOutputStream(myFile);
fileOutputStream.write(data.getBytes());
Toast.makeText(this,"Done"+myFile.getAbsolutePath(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}catch(Exceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(fileOutputStream!=null){
try{
fileOutputStream.close();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
Step4:Openres->layout->activity_main2.xml(or)main2.xmlandaddfollowingcode:
Inthisactivitythelayoutisjustsimilarwiththemain.xml.
Step5:Opensrc->package->MainActivity2.java
InthisstepweopenMainActivity2andaddthefunctionsdefinedoverbutton’sonclick.ThegetPrivateandgetPublicfunctionretrievethedatafromthefile,addittothebufferandfurthersetthetextoverthetextview’s.The backfunctioncontainintenttomovebacktomainactivity.
packagecom.example.externalstorageexample;
importandroid.content.Intent;
importandroid.os.Environment;
importandroid.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.view.View;
importandroid.widget.TextView;
importjava.io.*;
publicclassMain2ActivityextendsAppCompatActivity{
TextViewshowText;
@Override
protectedvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);
showText=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.getText);
}
publicvoidback(Viewview){
Intentintent=newIntent(Main2Activity.this,MainActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
publicvoidgetPublic(Viewview){
Filefolder=Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_ALARMS);//FolderName
FilemyFile=newFile(folder,"myData1.txt");//Filename
Stringtext=getdata(myFile);
if(text!=null){
showText.setText(text);
}else{
showText.setText("NoData");
}
}
publicvoidgetPrivate(Viewview){
Filefolder=getExternalFilesDir("AbhiAndroid");//FolderName
FilemyFile=newFile(folder,"myData2.txt");//Filename
Stringtext=getdata(myFile);
if(text!=null){
showText.setText(text);
}else{
showText.setText("NoData");
}
}
privateStringgetdata(Filemyfile){
FileInputStreamfileInputStream=null;
try{
fileInputStream=newFileInputStream(myfile);
inti=-1;
StringBufferbuffer=newStringBuffer();
while((i=fileInputStream.read())!=-1){
buffer.append((char)i);
}
returnbuffer.toString();
}catch(Exceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(fileInputStream!=null){
try{
fileInputStream.close();
}catch(IOExceptione){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
returnnull;
}
}
Output:
Nowruntheappandyouwillseeformonthescreen.Adddatainthefieldandsaveit.Furtherclicknexttomovetonextactivityandgetdatathatissavedbeforeaspublicorprivate.
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3thoughtson“ExternalStorageTutorialInAndroidStudioWithExample”
Iwanttojoinyourgroup.whatwillbedotomepleasereplymesir
Reply
GetingErrorinSave_as_public
notsavedataintoExternalStorage
sosolvethiserrorassoon
Plzdoneedfullasabove
Reply
Howtosaveandgetaudiodataorvideodata???ifumakeatutorialonthatthenthatwillbeuseful..
Reply
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