فئة (سفينة) - Class (ship) - المعرفة

A ship class is a group of ships of a similar design. This is distinct from a ship type, which might reflect a similarity of tonnage or intended use. تصفح تصفح الصفحةالرئيسية أحدثالتغييرات صفحةعشوائية مواقعمقترحة ارفع أحدثالتغييرات مساعدة الصفحاتالخاصّة بحث وبينار مصادر بريــد مدونات صور الأخبار مخطوطات منتديات فيديو تشاركيات هلتعلم أنقلبطائرالطنانيدق1.000مرةفيالدقيقة. أنيمكنللبومةتدويررأسهاوعنقها270°،مع17فقرةعنقيةمقارنةبسبعفقراتلدىالبشر. أنأولعملةورقيةطُورتفيالصينبالقرن7،إلاأنالعملاتالورقيةلمتظهرحتىالقرن11. أنالدناالبشريإذاتمددسيصلإلىالقمر6.000مرة. أنسويسراتستهلكأكبركميةمنالشوكولاتةفيالعالم،بمعدل10كجللفردسنوياً. أنالهيكلالعظميللفيلالأفريقييشكل15%تقريباًمنوزنه. أنالبرقيضربالأرض6.000مرةفيالدقيقة. أنفيلمسنووايتوالأقزامالسبعةهوأولفيلمرسوممتحركةطويلكامل،وأنتجتهوالتديزنيعام1937. للمزيد لغاتأخرى الإنجليزية مستخدممميز مقالة ناقشهذهالصفحة عرضالمصدرللمقالة التاريخ المزيدمنالخياراتماذايرتبطهنا؟معلوماتعنهذهالصفحة طرازسفن يجبألايـُخلـَطبينهاوبينShipclassification. اثنانمنثلاثةOlympic،طرازoceanlinersبُنيت؛Olympic(left)andTitanic(March1912) Ashipclassisagroupofshipsofasimilardesign.[1]Thisisdistinctfromashiptype,[1]whichmightreflectasimilarityoftonnageorintendeduse.Forexample,يوإس‌إس CarlVinsonisanuclearaircraftcarrier(shiptype)oftheNimitz طراز(shipclass). Inthecourseofbuildingaclassofships,designchangesmightbeimplemented.Insuchacase,theshipsofdifferentdesignmightnotbeconsideredofthesameclass;eachvariationwouldeitherbeitsownclass,orasubclassoftheoriginalclass(seeCounty،طرازcruiserforanexample).Ifshipsarebuiltofaclasswhoseproductionhadbeendiscontinued,asimilardistinctionmightbemade. Shipsinaclassoftenhavenameslinkedbyacommonfactor:e.g.Trafalgar،طرازsubmarines'namesallbeginwithT(Turbulent,Tireless,Torbay);andTiconderoga،طرازcruisersarenamedafterAmericanbattles(Yorktown,BunkerHill,Gettysburg,Anzio).Shipsofthesameclassmaybereferredtoassisterships. فهرست 1Navalshipclassnamingconventions 1.1عرضعام 1.2أوروپاعموماً 1.3Germany 1.4Indonesia 1.5Russia/SovietUnion 1.6UnitedKingdom 1.7UnitedStates 2Merchantvesselclass 3References 4وصلاتخارجية .................................................................................... ....................................................................................Navalshipclassnamingconventions عرضعام Thenameofanavalshipclassismostcommonlythenameoftheleadship,thefirstshipcommissionedorbuiltofitsdesign.However,othersystemscanbeusedwithoutconfusionorconflict.Adescriptivenamemaybeused;forexampleitwasdecidedtogroupdestroyersmadetothesamedesignasHMSTomahawk,allnamedafterweapons,astheWeaponratherthanTomahawkclass. أوروپاعموماً InEuropeannaviesaclassisnamedafterthefirstshipcommissionedregardlessofwhenshewasorderedorlaiddown.InsomecasesthishasresultedindifferentclassnamesbeingusedinEuropeanandU.S.references;forexample,EuropeansourcesrecordtheColorado،طرازbattleshipsoftheUnitedStatesNavyasthe"Marylandclass",asيوإس‌إس Marylandwascommissionedbeforeيوإس‌إس Colorado.[بحاجةلمصدر][متناقض] Germany TheWestGermanNavy(Bundesmarine)usedathree-digittypenumberforeveryclassinserviceorinadvancedprojectstate.Modifiedversionswereidentifiedbyasinglelettersuffix.AfterthereunificationofGermanytheGermanNavy(DeutscheMarine)keptthesystem.Informally,classesarealsotraditionallynamedaftertheirleadships. للمزيدمنالمعلومات:ListofshipclassesoftheBundesmarineandDeutscheMarine Indonesia TheIndonesianNavyhasatraditionalnamingforitsships.Moreover,theship'stypeandmissionscanbeidentifiedbythefirstnumberontheship'sthree-digithullnumber,whichisplacedonthefrontbowsandthebackofthestern.Thenamingconventionissuchas: Hullnumberbeginby1(reservedforaircraftcarriers):greatstatesmen(Presidents,VicePresidents,etc.) Hullnumberbeginby2(cruisersanddestroyers):Indonesia'smainislands(forcruisers)andNationalheroes(fordestroyers) Hullnumberbeginby3(frigates,oceanescorts,corvettes):nationalheroes Hullnumberbeginby4(submarines,submarinetenders):mythicalweapons(forsubmarines),Nationalheroes(forsubmarinetenders) Hullnumberbeginby5(amphibiousships,LSTs,LPDs,LCUs,commandships):mainandstrategicbays(forLSTs),bigcities(forLPDs),smallcities(forLCUs),Nationalheroes(forcommandships) Hullnumberbeginby6(fastattackships):mythicalweapons(previousnamesformissileboats),traditionalweapons(currentnamesforfastmissileboats),wildanimals(forfasttorpedoboats) Hullnumberbeginby7(minesweepers,minehunters,minecountermeasuresships):everyislandbeginwithletter"R" Hullnumberbeginby8(patrolboats):nativefishesandseacreatures,nativesnakesandwildreptiles,wildinsects,geographicalplaces(suchastowns,lakesorriversbeginwith"si-",likeSikuda,Sigurot,Sibarau) Hullnumberbeginby9(supportingships,oilers,tugs,troopstransports,oceanographicresearchships,sailingships,etc.):volcanoes,cities,mythicalfigures,geographicalcapesandstraits Russia/SovietUnion انظرأيضاً:ListofshipsofRussiabyprojectnumber Russian(andSoviet)shipclassesareformallynamedbythenumberedprojectthatdesignedthem.Thatprojectsometimes,butnotalways,hadametaphoricalname,andalmostalwayshadaNATOreportingname.Inaddition,theshipsoftheclasswouldbenumbered,andthatnumberprefixedbyaletterindicatingtheroleofthattypeofvessel.Forexample,Project641hadnoothername,thoughNATOreferredtoitsmembersasFoxtrot-classsubmarines. UnitedKingdom TheBritishRoyalNavyhasusedseveralmethodsofnamingclasses.InadditiontotheacceptedEuropeanconvention,someclasseshavebeennamedafteracommonthemeintheincludedships'names,e.g.,Tribal-classdestroyers,andsomeclasseswereimplementedasanorganizationaltool,makingtraditionalmethodsofnaminginefficient.Forinstance,theAmphion طرازisalsoknownastheAclass.Mostdestroyerclasseswereknownbytheinitialletterusedinnamingthevessels,e.g.,VandW-class destroyers.ClassificationbyletteralsohelpedtoconflatesimilarsmallerclassesofshipsasinthecaseoftheC-classdestroyersof1913whosenamesspreadacrossthealphabet.SincetheendoftheSecondWorldWar,RoyalNavyshipclasseshavealsobeenknownbytheirtypenumber(e.g.Type42destroyer.) UnitedStates IntheUnitedStatesNavy,unlikemostothernavies,thefirstshipinaclasstobeauthorizedbyCongressisthedesignatedclassleaderandgivesthenametotheclass,regardlessoftheorderinwhichtheshipsofthatclassarelaiddown,launchedorcommissioned.[2]Duetonumberingconventionstheleadshipalmostalwayshasthelowesthullnumberofherclass.(DuringWorldWarIItheawardofconstructioncontractswasnotalwayscongruentwithcompletion,somanyshipshadhigherhullnumbersthanlater-classships.)[3] Merchantvesselclass Merchantshipsarealmostalwaysclassedbyaclassificationsociety.Thesevesselsaresaidtobeinclasswhentheirhull,structures,machinery,andequipmentconformtoInternationalMaritimeOrganizationandMARPOLstandards.Vesselsoutofclassmaybeuninsurableand/ornotpermittedtosailbyotheragencies. Avessel'sclassmayincludeendorsementsforthetypeofcargosuchas"oilcarrier","bulkcarrier","mixedcarrier"etc.Itmayalsoincludeclassnotationsdenotingspecialabilitiesofthevessel.Examplesofthisincludeaniceclass,firefightingcapability,oilrecoverycapability,automatedmachineryspacecapability,orotherspecialability. References ^أبCDRSalamander."Spreadingship-namingheadscratching".Retrieved21March2010. ^GuyDerdahlandTonyDiGiulian(18May2016)."USNShipDesignations".Navweaps.com.Retrieved10June2016. ^Lenton,H.T.AmericanSubmarinesandAmericanFleetandEscortDestroyers(Doubleday,1973). وصلاتخارجية Navalnamingconventions تمّالاسترجاعمن"https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=طراز_سفن&oldid=1822647" تصنيفات:مقالاتذاتعباراتبحاجةلمصادرArticlescontradictingotherarticlesطرزالسفنShipnamingconventions