Whitespace character - Wikipedia

In computer programming, whitespace is any character or series of characters that represent horizontal or vertical space in typography. Whitespacecharacter FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Anycharacterintypographyrepresentingablankspace "Dotspace"redirectshere.Fortheanimatedfilm,seeDotinSpace. "␣"redirectshere.Nottobeconfusedwith⌴. Incomputerprogramming,whitespaceisanycharacterorseriesofcharactersthatrepresenthorizontalorverticalspaceintypography.Whenrendered,awhitespacecharacterdoesnotcorrespondtoavisiblemark,buttypicallydoesoccupyanareaonapage.Forexample,thecommonwhitespacesymbolU+0020 SPACE(alsoASCII32)representsablankspacepunctuationcharacterintext,usedasaworddividerinWesternscripts. Contents 1Overview 2Unicode 2.1Substituteimages 2.2Non-spaceblanks 3Whitespaceanddigitaltypography 3.1On-screendisplay 3.2Variable-widthgeneral-purposespace 3.3Hairspacesarounddashes 4Computingapplications 4.1Programminglanguages 4.2Commandlineuserinterfaces 4.3Markuplanguages 4.4Filenames 5Seealso 6References 7Externallinks Overview[edit] RelativewidthsofvariousspacesinUnicode Withmanykeyboardlayouts,awhitespacecharactermaybeenteredbypressingspacebar.HorizontalwhitespacemayalsobeenteredonmanykeyboardswiththeTab↹key,althoughthelengthofthespacemayvary.Verticalwhitespacemaybeinputbytyping↵Enter,whichcreatesa'newline'codesequenceinmostprograms.Onolderkeyboards,thiskeymayinsteadbelabeledReturn,aholdoverfromtypewriterkeyboards'carriagereturnkeys,whichgeneratedanelectromechanicalreturntotheleftstop(UnicodecharacterU+000D)andamovetothenextline(U+000A).Manyearlycomputergamesusedwhitespacecharacterstodrawascreen(e.g.KingdomofKroz),andwordprocessingsoftwareusedthemtoproduceprintedeffectssuchasbold,underline,andstrikethrough.[citationneeded] Theterm"whitespace"isbasedontheappearanceofthecharactersonordinarypaper.However,withinanapplication,whitespacecharacterscanbeprocessedinthesamewayasanyothercharactercodeanddifferentprogramsmaydefinetheirownsemanticsforthecharacters. Unicode[edit] Thetablebelowliststhetwenty-fivecharactersdefinedaswhitespace("WSpace=Y","WS")charactersintheUnicodeCharacterDatabase.[1]Seventeenuseadefinitionofwhitespaceconsistentwiththealgorithmforbidirectionalwriting("BidirectionalCharacterType=WS")andareknownas"Bidi-WS"characters.Theremainingcharactersmayalsobeused,butarenotofthis"Bidi"type. Note:Dependingonthebrowserandfontsusedtoviewthefollowingtable,notallspacesmaybedisplayedproperly. vteUnicodecharacterswithpropertyWhite_Space=yes[a][b] Name Codepoint Widthbox Maybreak? InIDN? Script Block Generalcategory Notes charactertabulation U+0009 9 Yes No Common BasicLatin Other,control HT,HorizontalTab.HTML/XMLnamedentity:	,LaTeX:'\tab',Cescape:'\t' linefeed U+000A 10 Isaline-break Common BasicLatin Other,control LF,Linefeed.HTML/XMLnamedentity:
,Cescape:'\n' linetabulation U+000B 11 Isaline-break Common BasicLatin Other,control VT,VerticalTab.Cescape:'\v' formfeed U+000C 12 Isaline-break Common BasicLatin Other,control FF,Formfeed.Cescape:'\f' carriagereturn U+000D 13 Isaline-break Common BasicLatin Other,control CR,Carriagereturn.Cescape:'\r' space U+0020 32 Yes No Common BasicLatin Separator,space Mostcommon(normalASCIIspace) nextline U+0085 133 Isaline-break Common Latin-1Supplement Other,control NEL,Nextline no-breakspace U+00A0 160   No No Common Latin-1Supplement Separator,space Non-breakingspace:identicaltoU+0020,butnotapointatwhichalinemaybebroken.HTML/XMLnamedentity: , LaTeX:'\' oghamspacemark U+1680 5760   Yes No Ogham Ogham Separator,space UsedforinterwordseparationinOghamtext.Normallyaverticallineinverticaltextorahorizontallineinhorizontaltext,butmayalsobeablankspacein"stemless"fonts.RequiresanOghamfont. enquad U+2000 8192   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Widthofoneen.U+2002iscanonicallyequivalenttothischaracter;U+2002ispreferred. emquad U+2001 8193   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Alsoknownas"muttonquad".Widthofoneem.U+2003iscanonicallyequivalenttothischaracter;U+2003ispreferred. enspace U+2002 8194   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Alsoknownas"nut".Widthofoneen.U+2000EnQuadiscanonicallyequivalenttothischaracter;U+2002ispreferred.HTML/XMLnamedentity: ,LaTeX:'\enspace' emspace U+2003 8195   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Alsoknownas"mutton".Widthofoneem.U+2001EmQuadiscanonicallyequivalenttothischaracter;U+2003ispreferred.HTML/XMLnamedentity: ,LaTeX:'\quad' three-per-emspace U+2004 8196   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Alsoknownas"thickspace".Onethirdofanemwide.HTML/XMLnamedentity:  four-per-emspace U+2005 8197   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Alsoknownas"midspace".Onefourthofanemwide.HTML/XMLnamedentity:  six-per-emspace U+2006 8198   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Onesixthofanemwide.Incomputertypography,sometimesequatedtoU+2009. figurespace U+2007 8199   No No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Figurespace.Infontswithmonospaceddigits,equaltothewidthofonedigit.HTML/XMLnamedentity:  punctuationspace U+2008 8200   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Aswideasthenarrowpunctuationinafont,i.e.theadvancewidthoftheperiodorcomma.[2]HTML/XMLnamedentity:  thinspace U+2009 8201   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Thinspace;one-fifth(sometimesone-sixth)ofanemwide.RecommendedforuseasathousandsseparatorformeasuresmadewithSIunits.UnlikeU+2002toU+2008,itswidthmaygetadjustedintypesetting.[3]HTML/XMLnamedentity: ,&ThinSpace,LaTeX:'\,' hairspace U+200A 8202   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Thinnerthanathinspace.HTML/XMLnamedentity:  (doesnotworkinallbrowsers) lineseparator U+2028 8232 Isaline-break Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,line paragraphseparator U+2029 8233 Isaline-break Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,paragraph narrowno-breakspace U+202F 8239   No No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space Narrowno-breakspace.SimilarinfunctiontoU+00A0No-BreakSpace.WhenusedwithMongolian,itswidthisusuallyonethirdofthenormalspace;inothercontext,itswidthsometimesresemblesthatoftheThinSpace(U+2009). mediummathematicalspace U+205F 8287   Yes No Common GeneralPunctuation Separator,space MMSP.Usedinmathematicalformulae.Four-eighteenthsofanem.[4]Inmathematicaltypography,thewidthsofspacesareusuallygiveninintegralmultiplesofaneighteenthofanem,and4/18emmaybeusedinseveralsituations,forexamplebetweentheaandthe+andbetweenthe+andthebintheexpressiona + b.[5]HTML/XMLnamedentity:  ideographicspace U+3000 12288 　 Yes No Common CJKSymbolsandPunctuation Separator,space AswideasaCJKcharactercell(fullwidth).Used,forexample,intaitou. vteRelatedUnicodecharacterswithpropertyWhite_Space=no  Name  Codepoint Widthbox Maybreak? InIDN? Script Block Generalcategory Notes mongolianvowelseparator U+180E 6158 ᠎ Yes No Mongolian Mongolian Other,Format MVS.Anarrowspacecharacter,usedinMongoliantocausethefinaltwocharactersofawordtotakeondifferentshapes.[6]Itisnolongerclassifiedasspacecharacter(i.e.inZscategory)inUnicode6.3.0,eventhoughitwasinpreviousversionsofthestandard. zerowidthspace U+200B 8203 ​ Yes No ? GeneralPunctuation Other,Format ZWSP,zero-widthspace.Usedtoindicatewordboundariestotextprocessingsystemswhenusingscriptsthatdonotuseexplicitspacing.Itissimilartothesofthyphen,withthedifferencethatthelatterisusedtoindicatesyllableboundaries,andshoulddisplayavisiblehyphenwhenthelinebreaksatit.HTML/XMLnamedentity:​[7][c] zerowidthnon-joiner U+200C 8204 ‌ Yes Context-dependent[12] ? GeneralPunctuation Other,Format ZWNJ,zero-widthnon-joiner.Whenplacedbetweentwocharactersthatwouldotherwisebeconnected,aZWNJcausesthemtobeprintedintheirfinalandinitialforms,respectively.HTML/XMLnamedentity:‌ zerowidthjoiner U+200D 8205 ‍ Yes Context-dependent[13] ? GeneralPunctuation Other,Format ZWJ,zero-widthjoiner.Whenplacedbetweentwocharactersthatwouldotherwisenotbeconnected,aZWJcausesthemtobeprintedintheirconnectedforms.Canalsobeusedtodisplayjoiningformsinisolation.Dependingonwhetheraligatureorconjunctisexpectedbydefault,caneitherinduce(asinemojiandinSinhala)orsuppress(asinDevanagari)substitutionwithasingleglyph,whilststillpermittinguseofindividualjoiningforms(unlikeZWNJ).HTML/XMLnamedentity:‍ wordjoiner U+2060 8288 ⁠ No No ? GeneralPunctuation Other,Format WJ,wordjoiner.SimilartoU+200B,butnotapointatwhichalinemaybebroken.HTML/XMLnamedentity:⁠ zerowidthnon-breakingspace U+FEFF 65279  No No ? ArabicPresentationForms-B Other,Format Zero-widthnon-breakingspace.UsedprimarilyasaByteOrderMark.Useasanindicationofnon-breakingisdeprecatedasofUnicode3.2;seeU+2060instead. ^White_SpaceisabinaryUnicodeproperty.[14] ^"Unicode15.0UCD:PropList.txt".2022-08-05.Retrieved2022-09-16. ^Although​isoneHTML5namedentityforU+200B,theadditionalnamesNegativeMediumSpace,NegativeThickSpace,NegativeThinSpaceandNegativeVeryThinSpace(whicharenamesusedintheWolframLanguagefornegative-advancespaces,whichitmapstothePrivateUseArea)[8][9][10][11]arealsodefinedbyHTML5asaliasesforU+200B(e.g.​).[7] Substituteimages[edit] Unicodealsoprovidessomevisiblecharactersthatcanbeusedtorepresentvariouswhitespacecharacters,incontextswhereavisiblesymbolmustbedisplayed: Unicodespace-illustratingcharacters(visible) Code Decimal Name Block Display Description U+00B7 183 Middledot Latin-1Supplement · InterpunctNamedentity:· U+21A1 8609 Downwardstwoheadedarrow Arrows ↡ ECMA-17/ISO2047symbolforformfeed(pagebreak)[15] U+2261 8810 Identicalto MathematicalOperators ≡ Amongstotheruses,istheECMA-17/ISO2047symbolforlinefeed[15] U+237D 9085 Shoulderedopenbox MiscellaneousTechnical ⍽ UsedtoindicateaNBSP U+23CE 9166 Returnsymbol MiscellaneousTechnical ⏎ Symbolforareturnkey,whichentersalinebreak U+2409 9225 Symbolforhorizontaltabulation ControlPictures ␉ Substitutesforatabcharacter U+240A 9226 Symbolforlinefeed ControlPictures ␊ Substitutesforalinefeed U+240B 9227 Symbolforverticaltabulation ControlPictures ␋ Substitutesforaverticaltab(linetab) U+240C 9228 Symbolforformfeed ControlPictures ␌ Substitutesforaformfeed(pagebreak) U+240D 9229 Symbolforcarriagereturn ControlPictures ␍ Substitutesforacarriagereturn U+2420 9248 Symbolforspace ControlPictures ␠ SubstitutesforanASCIIspace U+2422 9250 Blanksymbol ControlPictures ␢ aka"substituteblank",[16]usedinBCDIC,[16]EBCDIC,[16]ASCII-1963[16][17]etc.asasymbolforthewordseparator U+2423 9251 Openbox ControlPictures ␣ Usedinblockletterhandwritingatleastsincethe1980swhenitisnecessarytoexplicitlyindicatethenumberofspacecharacters(e.g.whenprogrammingwithpenandpaper).Usedinatextbook(published1982,1984,1985,1988bySpringer-Verlag)onModula-2,[18]aprogramminglanguagewherespacecodesrequireexplicitindication.Alsousedinthekeypad[n1]oftheTexasInstruments'TI-8xseriesofgraphingcalculators.Namedentity:␣ U+2424 9252 Symbolfornewline ControlPictures ␤ Substitutesforalinebreak U+25B3 9651 Whiteup-pointingtriangle GeometricShapes △ Amongstotheruses,istheECMA-17/ISO2047symbolfortheASCIIspace[15] U+2A5B 10843 LogicalOrwithmiddlestem SupplementalMathematicalOperators ⩛ Amongstotheruses,istheECMA-17/ISO2047symbolforverticaltab(linetab)[15] U+2AAA 10922 Smallerthan SupplementalMathematicalOperators ⪪ Amongstotheruses,istheECMA-17/ISO2047symbolforcarriagereturn[15] U+2AAB 10923 Largerthan SupplementalMathematicalOperators ⪫ Amongstotheruses,istheECMA-17/ISO2047symbolforthetabcharacter[15] U+3037 12343 IdeographicTelegraphLineFeedSeparatorSymbol CJKSymbolsandPunctuation 〷 Graphicusedforcode9999inChinesetelegraphcode,representingalinefeed ^Abovethezero"0"ornegative"(‒)"key. Exactspace TheCambridgeZ88providedaspecial"exactspace"(codepoint160aka0xA0)(invokablebykeyshortcut⌑+SPACE[19]),displayedas"…"bytheoperatingsystem'sdisplaydriver.[20][21]Itwasthereforealsoknownas"dotspace"inconjunctionwithBBCBASIC.[20][21] Undercodepoint224(0xE0)thecomputeralsoprovidedaspecialthree-character-cells-wideSPACEsymbol"SPC"(analogoustoUnicode'ssingle-cell-wideU+2420).[20][21] Non-spaceblanks[edit] TheBraillePatternsUnicodeblockcontainsU+2800⠀BRAILLEPATTERNBLANK,aBraillepatternwithnodotsraised.Somefontsdisplaythecharacterasafixed-widthblank,howevertheUnicodestandardexplicitlystatesthatitdoesnotactasaspace.[22] Unicode'scoverageoftheKoreanalphabetincludesseveralcodepointswhichrepresenttheabsenceofawrittenletter,andthusdonotdisplayaglyph: UnicodeincludesaHangulFillercharacterintheHangulCompatibilityJamoblock(U+3164ㅤHANGULFILLER).Thisisclassifiedasaletter,butdisplayedasanemptyspace,likeaHangulblockcontainingnojamo.ItisusedinKSX1001Hangulcombiningsequencestointroducethemordenotetheabsenceofaletterinaposition,butnotinUnicode'scombiningjamosystem.[23] Unicode'scombiningjamosystemusessimilarHangulChoseongFillerandHangulJungseongFillercharacterstodenotetheabsenceofaletterininitialormedialpositionwithinasyllableblock,whichareincludedintheHangulJamoblock(U+115FᅟHANGULCHOSEONGFILLER,U+1160ᅠHANGULJUNGSEONGFILLER).[24] Additionally,aHalfwidthHangulFillerisincludedintheHalfwidthandFullwidthForms(U+FFA0ﾠHALFWIDTHHANGULFILLER),whichisusedwhenmappingfromencodingswhichincludecharactersfrombothJohab(orWansung)andN-byteHangul(oritsEBCDICcounterpart),suchasIBM-933,whichincludesbothJohabandEBCDICfillers.[25][26] Whitespaceanddigitaltypography[edit] On-screendisplay[edit] Texteditors,wordprocessors,anddesktoppublishingsoftwaredifferinhowtheyrepresentwhitespaceonthescreen,andhowtheyrepresentspacesattheendsoflineslongerthanthescreenorcolumnwidth.Insomecases,spacesareshownsimplyasblankspace;inothercasestheymayberepresentedbyaninterpunctorothersymbols.Manydifferentcharacters(describedbelow)couldbeusedtoproducespaces,andnon-characterfunctions(suchasmarginsandtabsettings)canalsoaffectwhitespace. Variable-widthgeneral-purposespace[edit] Incomputercharacterencodings,thereisanormalgeneral-purposespace(UnicodecharacterU+0020)whosewidthwillvaryaccordingtothedesignofthetypeface.Typicalvaluesrangefrom1/5emto1/3em(indigitaltypographyanemisequaltothenominalsizeofthefont,sofora10-pointfontthespacewillprobablybebetween2and3.3points).Sophisticatedfontsmayhavedifferentlysizedspacesforbold,italic,andsmall-capsfaces,andoftencompositorswillmanuallyadjustthewidthofthespacedependingonthesizeandprominenceofthetext. Inadditiontothisgeneral-purposespace,itispossibletoencodeaspaceofaspecificwidth.Seethetablebelowforacompletelist. Hairspacesarounddashes[edit] Emdashesusedasparentheticaldividers,andendasheswhenusedaswordjoiners,areusuallysetcontinuouswiththetext.[27]However,suchadashcanoptionallybesurroundedwithahairspace,U+200A,orthinspace,U+2009.ThehairspacecanbewritteninHTMLbyusingthenumericcharacterreferences or ,orthenamedentity ,butisnotuniversallysupportedinbrowsersyet,asof2016.[update][which?]Thethinspaceisnamedentity andnumericreferences or .Thesespacesaremuchthinnerthananormalspace(exceptinamonospaced(non-proportional)font),withthehairspacebeingthethinnerofthetwo. Normalspaceversushairandthinspaces(asrenderedbyyourbrowser) Normalspacewithemdash left — right Thinspacewithemdash left — right Hairspacewithemdash left — right Nospacewithemdash left—right Computingapplications[edit] Programminglanguages[edit] Inprogramminglanguagesyntax,spacesarefrequentlyusedtoexplicitlyseparatetokens.Inmostlanguagesmultiplewhitespacecharactersaretreatedthesameasasinglewhitespacecharacter(outsideofquotedstrings);suchlanguagesarecalledfree-form.Inafewlanguages,includingHaskell,occam,ABC,andPython,whitespaceandindentationareusedforsyntacticalpurposes.InthesatiricallanguagecalledWhitespace,whitespacecharactersaretheonlyvalidcharactersforprogramming,whileanyothercharactersareignored. Excessiveuseofwhitespace,especiallytrailingwhitespaceattheendoflines,isconsideredanuisance.Howevercorrectuseofwhitespacecanmakethecodeeasiertoreadandhelpgrouprelatedlogic. MostlanguagesonlyrecognizeASCIIcharactersaswhitespace,orinsomecasesUnicodenewlinesaswell,butnotmostofthecharacterslistedabove.TheClanguagedefineswhitespacecharacterstobe"space,horizontaltab,new-line,verticaltab,andform-feed".[28]TheHTTPnetworkprotocolrequiresdifferenttypesofwhitespacetobeusedindifferentpartsoftheprotocol,suchas:onlythespacecharacterinthestatusline,CRLFattheendofaline,and"linearwhitespace"inheadervalues.[29] Commandlineuserinterfaces[edit] Incommandsprocessedbycommandprocessors,e.g.,inscriptsandtypedin,thespacecharactercancauseproblemsasithastwopossiblefunctions:aspartofacommandorparameter,orasaparameterornameseparator.Ambiguitycanbepreventedeitherbyprohibitingembeddedspaces,orbyenclosinganamewithembeddedspacesbetweenquotecharacters. Markuplanguages[edit] Somemarkuplanguages,suchasSGML,preservewhitespaceaswritten. WebmarkuplanguagessuchasXMLandHTMLtreatwhitespacecharactersspecially,includingspacecharacters,forprogrammers'convenience.Oneormorespacecharactersreadbyconformingdisplay-timeprocessorsofthosemarkuplanguagesarecollapsedto0or1space,dependingontheirsemanticcontext.Forexample,double(ormore)spaceswithintextarecollapsedtoasinglespace,andspaceswhichappearoneithersideofthe"="thatseparatesanattributenamefromitsvaluehavenoeffectontheinterpretationofthedocument.Elementendtagscancontaintrailingspaces,andempty-elementtagsinXMLcancontainspacesbeforethe"/>".Intheselanguages,unnecessarywhitespaceincreasesthefilesize,andsomayslownetworktransfers.Ontheotherhand,unnecessarywhitespacecanalsoinconspicuouslymarkcode,similarto,butlessobviousthancommentsincode.Thiscanbedesirabletoproveaninfringementoflicenseorcopyrightthatwascommittedbycopyingandpasting. InXMLattributevalues,sequencesofwhitespacecharactersaretreatedasasinglespacewhenthedocumentisreadbyaparser.[30]WhitespaceinXMLelementcontentisnotchangedinthiswaybytheparser,butanapplicationreceivinginformationfromtheparsermaychoosetoapplysimilarrulestoelementcontent.AnXMLdocumentauthorcanusethexml:space="preserve"attributeonanelementtoinstructtheparsertodiscouragethedownstreamapplicationfromalteringwhitespaceinthatelement'scontent. InmostHTMLelements,asequenceofwhitespacecharactersistreatedasasingleinter-wordseparator,whichmaymanifestasasinglespacecharacterwhenrenderingtextinalanguagethatnormallyinsertssuchspacebetweenwords.[31]ConformingHTMLrenderersarerequiredtoapplyamoreliteraltreatmentofwhitespacewithinafewprescribedelements,suchasthepretagandanyelementforwhichCSShasbeenusedtoapplypre-likewhitespaceprocessing.Insuchelements,spacecharacterswillnotbe"collapsed"intointer-wordseparators. InbothXMLandHTML,thenon-breakingspacecharacter,alongwithothernon-"standard"spaces,isnottreatedascollapsible"whitespace",soitisnotsubjecttotherulesabove. Filenames[edit] Suchusageissimilartomultiwordfilenameswrittenforoperatingsystemsandapplicationsthatareconfusedbyembeddedspacecodes—suchfilenamesinsteaduseanunderscore(_)asawordseparator,as_in_this_phrase. AnothersuchsymbolwasU+2422␢BLANKSYMBOL.Thiswasusedintheearlyyearsofcomputerprogrammingwhenwritingoncodingforms.Keypunchoperatorsimmediatelyrecognizedthesymbolasan"explicitspace".[16]ItwasusedinBCDIC,[16]EBCDIC,[16]andASCII-1963.[16] Seealso[edit] Carriagereturn Em(typography) En(typography) Formfeed Indentstyle Linefeed Newline Programmingstyle ProsignsforMorsecode Regularexpression#Characterclassesforthewhite-spacecharacterclass. Spacebar Space(punctuation) Tabkey Trimming(computerprogramming) Whitespace(programminglanguage) Zero-widthspace References[edit] ^"TheUnicodeStandard".UnicodeConsortium. ^"Characterdesignstandards–spacecharacters".Characterdesignstandards.Microsoft.1998–1999.ArchivedfromtheoriginalonAugust23,2000.Retrieved2009-05-18. ^TheUnicodeStandard5.0,printededition,p.205 ^"GeneralPunctuation"(PDF).TheUnicodeStandard5.1.UnicodeInc.1991–2008.Retrieved2009-05-13. ^Sargent,MurrayIII(2006-08-29)."UnicodeNearlyPlainTextEncodingofMathematics(Version2)".UnicodeTechnicalNote#28.UnicodeInc.pp. 19–20.Retrieved2009-05-19. ^Gillam,Richard(2002).UnicodeDemystified:APracticalProgrammer'sGuidetotheEncodingStandard.Addison-Wesley.ISBN 0-201-70052-2. ^abHickson,Ian."12.5Namedcharacterreferences".HTMLStandard.WHATWG. ^Wolfram."\[NegativeThickSpace]".WolframLanguageDocumentation. ^Wolfram."\[NegativeMediumSpace]".WolframLanguageDocumentation. ^Wolfram."\[NegativeThinSpace]".WolframLanguageDocumentation. ^Wolfram."\[NegativeVeryThinSpace]".WolframLanguageDocumentation. ^Faltstrom,P.,ed.(August2010)."ZeroWidthNon-Joiner".TheUnicodeCodePointsandInternationalizedDomainNamesforApplications(IDNA).IETF.sec. A.1.doi:10.17487/RFC5892.RFC5892.RetrievedSeptember4,2019. ^Faltstrom,P.,ed.(August2010)."ZeroWidthJoiner".TheUnicodeCodePointsandInternationalizedDomainNamesforApplications(IDNA).IETF.sec. A.2.doi:10.17487/RFC5892.RFC5892.RetrievedSeptember4,2019. ^ "UnicodeStandardAnnex#44,UnicodeCharacterDatabase". ^abcdefEuropeanComputerManufacturersAssociation(1968-11-28).GraphicRepresentationoftheControlCharactersoftheECMA7-BitCodedCharacterSetforInformationInterchange(PDF).ECMA-17. ^abcdefghMackenzie,CharlesE.(1980).CodedCharacterSets,HistoryandDevelopment.TheSystemsProgrammingSeries(1 ed.).Addison-WesleyPublishingCompany,Inc.pp. 41,47,52,102–103,117,119,130,132,141,148,150–151,212,424.ISBN 978-0-201-14460-4.LCCN 77-90165.Retrieved2016-05-22.[1] ^"AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange,ASAX3.4-1963".AmericanStandardsAssociation(ASA).1963-06-17. ^NiklausWirth,ProgramminginModula-2 ^"CambridgeZ88UserGuide".4.7(4th ed.).CambridgeComputerLimited.2016[1987].Basicconcepts-Thekeyboard.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-12-12.Retrieved2016-12-12. ^abc"CambridgeZ88UserGuide".4.0(4th ed.).CambridgeComputerLimited.1987.AppendixD.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-12-12.Retrieved2016-12-12. ^abc"CambridgeZ88UserGuide".4.7(4th ed.).CambridgeComputerLimited.2015[1987].AppendixD.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-12-12.Retrieved2016-12-12. ^UnicodechartU+2800,braillepatterns ^Chung,Jaemin(2017-03-30).ProposaltoaddaninformativenotetoU+3164HANGULFILLER(PDF).UnicodeConsortium.UTCL2/17-081. ^HangulJamo(PDF).UnicodeConsortium.2020-10-25. ^"ibm-933_P110-1995".ICUDemonstration-ConverterExplorer.InternationalComponentsforUnicode. ^"ibm-933_P110-1995(leadbytes0E84)".ICUDemonstration-ConverterExplorer.InternationalComponentsforUnicode. ^Usageofthedifferentdashtypesisillustrated,e.g.,inTheChicagoManualofStyle,§§6.80,6.83–6.86 ^http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1548.pdfSection6.4,paragraph3 ^Fielding,R.;et al.(June1999),"2.2BasicRules",HypertextTransferProtocol—HTTP/1.1,RFC 2616 ^"3.3.3Attribute-ValueNormalization".ExtensibleMarkupLanguage(XML)1.0(FifthEdition).WorldWideWebConsortium. ^"9.1Whitespace".W3CHTML4.01Specification.WorldWideWebConsortium. Externallinks[edit] PropertyListofUnicodeCharacterDatabase Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Whitespace_character&oldid=1115338711" Categories:CharacterencodingSourcecodeWhitespaceHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionisdifferentfromWikidataAllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromDecember2021Articlescontainingpotentiallydatedstatementsfrom2016AllarticlescontainingpotentiallydatedstatementsAllarticleswithspecificallymarkedweasel-wordedphrasesArticleswithspecificallymarkedweasel-wordedphrasesfromFebruary2018 Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages ČeštinaDeutschفارسیMagyarNederlandsPolskiSimpleEnglishSuomiTürkçe粵語中文 Editlinks