The Book Of Fasting (KITAB AL-SAWM)

Translation of Sahih Muslim, Book 6: ... Chapter 13 : THERE IS NO HARM IN OBSERVING FAST IF ONE IS JUNBI EVEN AFTER DAWN ... TranslationofSahihMuslim,Book6: KITABAL-SAWM THEBOOKOFFASTING INTRODUCTION AfterprayerthesecondobligatorydutywhicheveryMuslimisrequiredtoper- formisthatoffastingduringthemonthofRamadan.Thewordsawmwhichhasbeen usedintheHolyQur'anandtheHadithforfastingmeans"toabstain";thusahorse thatabstainsfrommovingaboutorfromeatingthefodderissaidtobesa'im.Inthe technicallanguagesawmsignifiesfastingorabstainingfromfoodanddrinkandsexual intercoursefromthedimbeginningofdawntillsunset. FastingasaninstitutionforthepurificationofthesouliscommontoallDivine religions.Thewriterofthearticleon"Fasting"intheEncyclopadiaBritannicastates that"itwouldbedifficulttonameanyreligioussystemofanydescriptioninwhichit iswhollyunrecognized."ThisinstitutionwaswellestablishedamongtheJewsand theChristians. TherecordsoftheHadithbearampletestimonytothefactthatfastingwasa commonreligiouspracticeamongthepre-IslamicArabstoo,andtheyusedtoobserve fastonthetenthofMuharrambecauseitwasonthisverydaythatAllahsavedMoses andhiscompanionsfromtheclutchesofthePharaohwhowasdrownedinthesea alongwithhisarmy.TheArabsandotherpeopletoowerefamiliarwithfastingasan actofpenitenceorofpropitiationorapreparatoryritebeforesomeactofsacramental eatingoraninitiationoramourningceremony. InIslamfastingisprimarilyaninstitutionforaspiritualdisciplineand selfcontrol.Itisinfactanexerciseinreligiousdevotionintheformofcheerfuland willingrenunciation,foradefiniteperiod,ofalltheappetitesoffleshlawfulinthemselves (theunlawfulonesbeingruledoutofcourse).TheQur'ansays: 0yewhobelieve!prescribeduntoyouisfastingevenasitwasprescribed untothosebeforeyou.thathaplyyoumaybecomeGod-conscious (ii.183). OfallthecreationofGodonlymandeviatesfromHispath.Wewillfindthattwo thingsaremainlyresponsibleforthis:theloveformaterialpossessionsandthetempta- tionsoftheflesh.Islamhas,throughtheinstitutionsofZakatandSadaqat,purgedthe heartsofitsfollowersfromtheloveofwealth,andhasinculcatedinhimthehabitto partwithitreadilyforthesakeofGod. FastinghasbeenordainedasareligiousdutyfortheMuslimsforsubduingtheir lustandkeepingtheirappetiteswellwithinreasonableboundssothatmanmaynot becometheirslaveandlosecontroloverhimself.TheQur'anclearlystatesthataman cannotattainsalvationunlesshelearnstorestrainhisselffromlowdesires."Andas forhimwhofearstostandbeforehisLordandrestrainshimselffromlowdesires, Paradiseissurelytheabode"(lxxix.40-41). Theexerciseofabstainingfromthingsotherwiselawfulintheordinarycourseof life,atthebehestofAllah,strengthensman'smoralityandself-controlanddeepensin himtheconsciousnessoftheLord.ThisiswhatdistinguishesfastinginIslamfrom fastinginotherreligions. Itshouldalsobeborneinmindthatfastingdoesnotaimatinflictingpunishment uponpeopleorsaddinguponthemunbearableburdens.Theunderlyingideabehind itistoteachmoderationandspiritualdisciplinesothathumantemptationsmaynot becomesowildanduncontrollableastofloutthecommandsoftheGreatMaster.To beatrueservantofAllah,itisessentialthatmanshouldbeabletoconformhis behaviourtothemoralandspiritualdisciplineembodiedintheShari'ahofIslam. Onecannotachievethisendifonefindsoneselfhelplessbeforeuntamedandturbulent desires.Fastingisindispensableforthismoralandspiritualtraining. AnotherdistinguishingfeatureofIslamicfastingisthatitdoesnottrainaperson forcompleterenunicationbutforperfectandcheerfulobediencetotheLordAllthose thingsfromwhichmaniscommandedtoabstainduringfast,e.g.eating,drinkingand sexualintercourse,becomepermissibleforhimattheendofthefast.Thisshowsthat Islamdoesnotlookdownupontheappetiteoffleshassomethingignobleandthusfit tobeexterminatedrootandbranchfromthehumansoul.AccordingtoIslam,thereis nothingprofaneorignobleinhumanpersonality:bothsoulandbodyaresacredand worthyofrespect.Noaspectistobeignoredandnourgeistobecompletelycurbed. Whatisrequiredistokeepalltheseurgeswellwithintheirproperlimitssothat noneofthemtransgressesnaturalboundsandbecomesthesourceoftrouble. Thatfastingisaninstitutionformoralelevationcanbejudgedfromthefactthat Allahdoesnotimposecheckonlyuponeating,drinkingandsexualintercoursefrom dawntosunset,butalsoexhortsHisservantstorefrainfromotherfoulacts,forex- ample,backbiting,indulginginfoulspeech,tellinglies,etc.AbuHurairareported Allah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Ifonedoesnotabandonfalsehood andotheractionslikeit,Godhasnoneedthatoneshouldabandonone'sfood anddrink(SahihBukhari). ThesocialaspectoffastinginRamadanisthatthewholeatmosphereispermeated withreligiouspietyanddevotiontoAllah.Thereisoneextracongregationalprayer, Tarawih,duringthenight,inwhichtheQur'anisrecitedandtheMuslimisreminded ofthefactthatitwasinthemonthofRamadanthattherevelationoftheQur'an commenced.Thesadaqqtarealsogivenwithgreaterzealandfervourinthismonth. ThusthewholeMuslimsocietyisinspiredbytheloveofGod.AbuHurairareported Allah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:WhenRamadanbegins,the gatesofHeavenareopened,thegatesofHellarelocked,andthedevilsarechained (BukhariandMuslim). MuhammadAsad,whileelucidatingthespiritualandmoralsignificanceoffast says:"TwofoldIlearned,isthepurposeofthismonthoffasting.Onehastoabstain fromfoodanddrinkinordertofeelinone'sbodywhatthepoorandhungryfeel:thus socialresponsibilityisbeinghammeredintohumanconsciousnessasareligiouspostulate. TheotherpurposeoffastingduringRamadanisself-discipline,anaspectofindividual moralitystronglyaccentuatedinallIslamicteachings(as,forinstance,inthe totalprohibitionofallintoxicants,whichIslamregardsastooeasyanavenueofescape fromconsciousnessandresponsibility).Inthesetwoelements-brotherhoodofman andIndividualself-discipline-IbegantodiscernnheoutlineofIslam'sethicalout look"(RoadtoMecca,London,1954,p.188). Chapter1:EXCELLENCEOFTHEMONTHOFRAMADAN Book6,Number2361: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: WhentherecomesthemonthofRamadan,thegatesofmercyareopened,and thegatesofHellarelockedandthedevilsarechained, Book6,Number2362: ThishadithisreportedbyAbuHuraira(withaslightalterationofwords) thattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:"When(themonthof) Ramadanbegins." Chapter2:FASTINGINRAMADANSHOULDNECESSARILYBECOMMENCED WITHTHESIGHTOFTHENEWMOONANDFINISHEDWITH THESIGHTOFTHENEWMOONIFTHEWEATHERIS CLOUDYATTHEBEGINNINGORATTHEEND,THENCOMPLETETHIRTYDAYS Book6,Number2363: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assayinginconnectionwithRamadan:Donotfasttillyousee thenewmoon,anddonotbreakfasttillyouseeit;butiftheweatheriscloudy calculateaboutit. Book6,Number2364: IbnUmarreportedthatAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)made amentionofRamadanandhewiththegestureofhishandsaid:Themonthisthus andthus.(Hethenwithdrewhisthumbatthethirdtime).Hethensaid:Fastwhen youseeit,andbreakyourfastwhenyouseeit,andiftheweatheriscloudycalculate it(themonthsofSha'banandShawwal)asthirtydays. Book6,Number2365: Thishadithisnarratedontheauthorityof'Ubaidullahwiththesame chainoftransmitters,andhesaid:If(thesky)iscloudyforyou,thencalculatethirty days(forthemonthofRamadan). Book6,Number2366: 'Ubaidullahnarratedontheauthorityofthesamechainoftransmittersthat theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)madeamentionofRamadanandsaid: Themonthmayconsistoftwenty-ninedays,anditmaybethus,thusandthus, and(hefurther)said:Calculateit,buthedidnotsaythirty. Book6,Number2367: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwith-bothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:ThemonthofRamadanmayconsistoftwenty-nine days.Sodonotfasttillyouhavesightedit(thenewmoon)anddonotbreakfast, tillyouhavesightedit(thenewmoonofShawwal),andiftheskyiscloudyforyou, thencalculate. Book6,Number2368: 'Abdullahb.'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonth(ofRamadan)mayconsistof twentyninedays;sowhenyouseethenewmoonobservefastandwhenyousee(the newmoonagainatthecommencementofthemonthofShawwal)thenbreakIt,andif theskyiscloudyforyou,thencalculateit(andcompletethirtydays). Book6,Number2369: 'Abdullahb.Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah's Measenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Whenyouseethenewmoon,observe fast,andwhenyouseeit(again)thenbreakit,andiftheskyiscloudyforyou,then calculateit. Book6,Number2370: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonthmayconsistoftwenty-ninenights. Sodonotfasttillyouhavesightedit(thenewmoon)anddonotbreakittill youhavesightedit,exceptwhentheskyiscloudyforyou,andifitisso,then calculateit. Book6,Number2371: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonthisthusandthusandthus(i.e.pointing withhisfingersthrice),andheheldbackhisthumbatthethirdtime(inordertoshow thatitcanalsoconsistoftwenty-ninedays). Book6,Number2372: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonthmayconsistoftwenty-ninedays. Book6,Number2373: Abdullahb.'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themouth(ofRamadan)isthusand thus,andthus.i.e.ten,tenand-nine. Book6,Number2374: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonthisthus,andthus,andthus,andhe flappedhishandswithalltheirfingerstwice.butatthethirdturn,foldedhisright thumborleftthumb(inordertogiveanideaoftwenty-nine). Book6,Number2375: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonth(ofRamadan)mayconsistoftwenty. ninedays,andShu'ba(oneofthenarrators)(gaveapracticaldemonstrationhowtheHoly prophet(maypeacebeuponhim)explainedtothem)byunfoldinghishandsthriceand foldinghisthumbatthethirdturn.'Uqba(oneofthenarratorsinthischainoftrans- mitters)said:Ithinkthathesaidthatthemonthconsistsofthirtydaysandunfolded hispalmthreetimes. Book6,Number2376: Ibn'Umar(mayAllahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sApostle (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Weareanunletteredpeoplewhocanneitherwrite norcount.Themonthisthus,andthus.foldinghisthumbwhenhesaiditthethird time.ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAswadb.Qaiswiththe samechainoftransmitters,buthereinnomentionhasbeenmadeoftheothermonth (consistingof)thirtydays. Book6,Number2377: Sa'db.'UbaidareportedthatIbn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem) heardapersonsaying:Thisnightisthemidnight(ofthemonth).Uponthishesaidto him:Howdoyouknowthatitisthemidnight(ofthemonth),forIheardtheMes- sengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Themonthisthusandthus(and hepointedwithhistenfingerstwice)andthus(i.e.atthethirdtimehepointedwith allhisfingersbutwithdreworfoldedhisthumb)? Book6,Number2378: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: Wheneveryousightthenewmoon(ofthemonthofRamadan)observefast.and whenyousightit(thenewmoonofShawwal)breakit,andiftheskyiscloudyfor you,thenobservefastforthirtydays. Book6,Number2379: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: Observefastonsightingit(thenewmoon)andbreak(fast)onsightingit(the newmoon),butiftheskyiscloudyforyou,thencompletethenumber(ofthirty). Book6,Number2380: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: Observefastonsightingit(thenewmoon)andbreakitonsightingit.Butif (duetoclouds)theactualpositionofthemonthisconcealedfromyou,youshould thencountthirty(days). Book6,Number2381: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)narratedthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeaceheuponhim)madeamentionofthenewmoonand(inthis connection)said:Observefastwhenyouseeit(thenewmoon)andbreakfastwhenyousee it(thenewmoonofShawwal),butwhen(theactualpositionofthemonthis)concealed fromyou(onaccountofcloudysky),thencountthirtydays. Chapter3:DONOTFASTFORADAYORTWODAYSAHEADOFRAMADAN Book6,Number2382: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Donotobservefastforaday,ortwodaysaheadof Ramadanexceptapersonwhoisinthehabitofobservingaparticularfast;hemay fastonthatday. Book35,Number2383: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofYahyab.AbiKathir withthesamechainoftransmitters. Chapter4:THEMONTHMAYCONSISTOFTWENTY-NINEDAYS Book6,Number2384: Zuhrireportedthat(once)theApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) tookanoaththathewouldnotgotohiswivesforoneMonth.Zuhrisaidthat 'Urwanarratedtohimfrom'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)thatshesaid:When twenty-ninenightswereover,whichIhadcounted,theMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)cametome(hecametomefirstofall).Isaid:MessengerofAllah,you hadtakenanoaththatyouwouldnotcometousforamonth,whereasyouhavecome aftertwentyninedayswhichIhavecounted.Whereuponhesaid:Themonthmay alsoconsistoftwenty-ninedays. Book35,Number2385: Jabir(Allahbepleasedwithher)narratedthattheHolyProphet(may peacebeuponhim)separatedhimselffromhiswivesforamonth.(Hiswivessaid:)He cametousonthetwenty-ninthday,whereuponwesaid:Itisthetwenty-ninth(day) today.Thereuponhesaid:Sofarasthemonthisconcerned,(andhe,withaviewto explainingit)flappedhishandsthrice,butheldbackonefingeratthelastturn. Book35,Number2386: AbuZubairisreportedtohaveheardJabirb.'Abdullah(Allahbepleased withbothofthem)assaying:TheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)separated himselffromhiswivesforamonth.(Hiswivessaid:)Hecametousonthemorningof thetwenty-ninth.Uponthissome,ofthepeoplesaid:Itisthemorningoftwenty- ninth(accordingtoourcalculation).UponthistheApostleofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)said:Themonth.mayalsoconsistoftwenty-ninedays.TheApostleof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)thenflappedhisbandsthrice,twicewithallthe fingersofbothhishand(toindicatetwenty-nine)andbythethirdtimewithnine (fingers). Book35,Number2387: UmmSalama(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheApostleofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)tookanoaththathewouldnotgotosomeofhiswivesfor thewholeofthemonth.Whentwenty-ninedaysbadpassedhe(theHolyProphet) wenttotheminthemorningorintheevening.Uponthisitwassaidtohim:Apostle ofAllah,youtookanoaththatyouwouldnotcometousforamonth,whereuponhe said:Themonthmayalsoconsistoftwenty-ninedays. Book35,Number2388: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofIbnJuraijwith thesamechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2389: Sa'db.AbiWaqqas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)saidthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)struckhishandagainsttheotherand(thenwiththe gestureofhistwohands)said:Themonthisthus,thus(twotimes).Hethenwithdrew (oneof)hisfingersatthethirdturn. Book35,Number2390: Muhammadb.Sa'dreportedontheauthorityofhisfather(Sa'db.Abi Waqqas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)thattheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)hadsaid:Thomonthisthusandthus,andthus,i.e.ten,tenandnine.This hadithhasbeennarratedbyAbuKhalidwiththesamechainoftransmitters. Chapter5:THEREISASIGHTINGOFTHEMOONFOREVERYTOWN;THE SIGHTINGATONETOWNCANNOTBEHELDVALID FORTHEOTHERTOWNSITUATEDATACONSIDERABLEDISTANCEFROMIT Book6,Number2391: KuraibreportedthatUmmFadl,daughterofHarith,senthim(Fadl,i.e. herson)toMu'awiyainSyria.I(Fadl)arrivedinSyria,anddidtheneedfulforher.It wasthereinSyriathatthemonthofRamadancommenced.Isawthenewmoon(of Ramadan)onFriday.IthencamebacktoMedinaattheendofthemonth.Abdullah b.'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)askedme(aboutthenewmoonofRamadan) andsaid:Whendidyouseeit?Isaid.:WesawitonthenightofFriday.He said:(Did)youseeityourself?-Isaid:Yes,andthepeoplealsosawitandthey observedfastandMu'awiyaalsoobservedfast,whereuponhesaid:Butwesaw itonSaturdaynight.Sowewouldcontinuetoobservefasttillwecompletethirty (lasts)orweseeit(thenewmoonofShawwal).Isaid:Isthesightidgofthemoonby Mu'awiyanotvalidforyou?Hesaid:No;thisishowtheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)hascommandedus.Yahyab.Yahyawasindoubt(whether thewordusedinthenarrationbyKuraib)wasNaktafiorTaktafi. Chapter6:ITISIMMATERIALWHETHERTHENEWMOONISLARGE(ON ACCOUNTOFAPPEARINGAFTERTHIRTYNIGHTS)ORSMALL(ONACCOUNTOFAPPEARINGON THETHIRTIETHNIGHT);ANDALLAHDEFERSITTOMAKEITSUITABLE FORSIGHTINGANDIFTHESKYISCLOUDY,THENTHIRTY(FASTS)ARETOBECOMPLETED Book6,Number2392: Abu'l-Bakhtarireported:WewentouttoperformUmraandwhenwe encampedinthevalleyofNakhla,wetriedtoseethenewmoon.Someofthepeople said:Itwasthreenightsold,andothers(said)thatitwastwonightsold.Wethen metIbn'Abbasandtoldhimwehadseenthenewmoon,butthatsomeofthepeople saiditwasthreenightsoldandothersthatitwastwonightsold.Heaskedonwhich nightwehadseenit;andwhenwetoldhimwehadseenitonsuchandsuchnight,he saidtheProphetofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid:VerilyAllahdeferredit tillthetimeitisseen,soitistobereckonedfromthenightyousawit. Book35,Number2393: Abu'l-Bakhtarireported:WesawthenewmoonofRamadanaswewereat Dhit-i-'Irq.WesentamantoIbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)to askhim(whetherthesightingofasmallmoonhadsomethingofthenatureofdefect init).UponthisIbn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)saidthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid:VerilyAllahdeferreditssight, butif(thenewmoon)ishiddenfromyou,then,completeitsnumber(thirty). Chapter7:THEMONTHSOF'IDARENOTINCOMPLETE Book6,Number2394: ThesonofAbuBakrareporteditontheauthorityofhisfatherthatthe ApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid:Thetwomonthsof'Id,Ramadan andDhu'l-Hijja(arenotincomplete). Book35,Number2395: 'Abdar-Rahmanb.AbuBakrareportedontheauthorityofAbuBakrathat theApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid:Themonthsof'Idarenot incomplete.AndinthehadithnarratedbyKhalid(thewordsare):"Themonths,of'Id areRamadanandDhu'l-Hijja." Chapter8:THETIMINGOFFASTBEGINSWITHDAWN Book6,Number2396: 'Adib.Hatim(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatwhen(thisverse) wasrevealed:"Untilthewhitestreakofthedawnbecomesdistinctfromthedark streak"(ii.187)Adib.Hatimsaid:MessengerofAllah,verilyIkeepunderneath mypillowtwostrings,onewhiteandtheotherblack,bywhichIdistinguish nightfromdawn.UponthistheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said: Yourpillowseemstobeverylarge.Forthewordkhaitimpliestheblacknessofthe nightandthewhitenessofthedawn. Book35,Number2397: Sahlb.Sa'dsaidthatwhenthisversewasrevealed:"Eatanddrinktillthe whitestreakisdistinctfromthedarkstreak,"apersonwouldtakeholdofawhite threadandablackthreadandkeeponeatingtillhecouldfindthemdistinct(inthe lightofthedawn).ItwasthenthatAllah,theMajesticandGreat,reveiled(the words)minal-fajr(fromthedawn),andthenitbecameclear(thatthewordkhait referstothestreakoflightinthedawn). Book35,Number2398: Sahlb.Sa'd(Allahbepleasedwithhim)said:Whenthisversewasreveal- ed."Eatanddrinktillthewhitestreakbecomesdistinctfromthedarkstreakfor you,"thepersonwhodecidedtoobservefasttiedononeofhisfeetablackthread andontheotherawhitethread.Andhewentoneatinganddrinkingtillhecould distinguish(betweentheircolour)onseeingthem.ItwasafterthisthatAllahreveal- ed(thewords):minal-fajr.Andthey(theMuslims)cametoknowthat(theword khait)referstothenightandday. Book35,Number2399: 'Abdullahb.Mas'ud(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid:BilalwouldpronounceAdhan (atthefagendofthenightinordertoinformthepeopleaboutthetimeoftheSahri). SoyoueatanddrinktillyouheartheAdhanofIbnUmmMaktum(whichwaspro- nouncedattheconclusionoftheSahriandthecommencementofthefast). Book35,Number2400: Abdullahb.'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported:Iheard theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:BilalannouncesAdhan duringthenight,soyoueatanddrink,tillyouheartheAdhanofIbnUmmMaktum. Book35,Number2401: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadtwoMu'adhdhins,BilalandsonofUmmMaktum, theblind.TheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Bilalannounces Adhanat(thefagendofthe)night(i.e.Sahri),soeatanddrinktillthesonofUmm MaktumannouncesAdhan.Andhe(thenarrator)said:Andthe(differenceoftime) betweentheir(Adhans)wasnotmorethanthisthatoneclimbeddown(fromthe minaret)andtheotherclimbedup(toannounceAdhan). Book35,Number2402: Ahadithlikethishasbeentransmittedontheauthorityof'A'isha(Allah bepleasedwithher). Book35,Number2403: Ahadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityof'Ubaidullahon thetwochainsoftransmitters. Book35,Number2404: IbnMas'ud(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assayingTheAdhanofBilalshouldnotrestrainanyoneamong youfromeatingSahur(lastmealbeforedaybreakduringthemonthofRamadan)for heannouncesAdhan(orhecalls)at(thefagendof)thenighttomakehimturn whostandsforprayeramongyou,andtoawakenthosewhoaresleepingamongyou. Andhesaid:Thedawnisnotlikeit,asonesays(andheliftedhishand)tillhe (dispersedhisfingers)andsaid:Itislikethis. Book35,Number2405: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbySulaimanal-Taimiwiththesame chainoftransmitters(butwithaslightvariationofwords)thathe(theHolyProphet) said:Thedawnisnotlikeitasitissaid;hethengatheredhisfingersandlowered them.Buthesaid,itislikethis(andheplacedtheindexfingerupontheotherone andspreadhishand). Book35,Number2406: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofSulaimanTaimiwith thesamechainoftransmittersand,attheend,itwassaidthatthefirstAdhanwas meanttoawakenthosewhowereinslumberamongstthemandinordertomakethem turnwhostandin(prayer)amongthem(towardsfoodatthecommencementofthe fast).Jarir(oneofthenarrators)saidthattheMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)did notsaylikethisbuthesaidlikeit(truedawn)thatthestreaksof(truedawn)are horizontalandnotvertical. Book35,Number2407: Samurab.JandubreportedMuhammad(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying. ThecallofBilalmaynotmisleadanyoneofyou(andhemay,underthewrong impressiongatheredfromit,refrain)fromtakingmealbeforethecommencementof thefast(forthestreaks)ofthiswhiteness(whichareverticalindicatethefalsedawn andthetruedawnwithwhichthefastcommencesisthatwhenthestreaksoflight are)spread. Book35,Number2408: Samurab.JundubreportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)as saying:TheAdhanofBilalshouldnotmisleadyounorthewhiteness(ofthepillar) ofdawn,foritisnotthewhitenessofthetruedawn,butthatofthefalsedawnwhich isverticallikeapillarandyoucaneatfoodtillthestreaksofwhitenessspreadlikeit. Book35,Number2409: Samurab.Jundub(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:TheAdhanofBilalmaynotmisleadyouwith regardtoyourfoodatthecommencementofthefast,northevertical(streaks)of whitenessinthehorizon(foritisanindicationoffalsedawn).Youshouldstopeating (food)till(thewhiteness)spreadslikeit.Hammadnarrateditandwiththegestureof hisbandheexplained,thehorizontalposition(ofthestreaksoflight). Book35,Number2410: Samurab.JundubaddressedandnarratedfromtheApostleofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)havingsaid(thesewords):NeitherthecallofBilalshouldmislead younorthiswhiteness(offalsedawn)till(thetrue)dawnappears(orhesaid)tillthe dawnbreaks. Book35,Number2411: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofSamurab.Jundub. Chapter9:EXCELLENCEOFTAKINGMEALBEFOREDAWN,STRESSON GIVINGITPREFERENCEANDPREFERENCEFOR DEFERRINGIT(ATTHEFAGENDOFTHENIGHT)ANDHASTENINGIN BREAKINGIT Book6,Number2412: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeace beuponhim)assaying:Takemealalittlebeforedawn,forthereisablessingin takingmealatthattime. Book35,Number2413: 'Amrb.al-'AsreportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: ThedifferencebetweenourfastingandthatofthepeopleoftheBookiseating shortlybeforedawn. Book35,Number2414: Musab.'Alihasnarratedthishadiththroughthesamechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2415: Zaidb.Thabit(Allahbepleasedwithhim)said:Wetookmealshortly beforedawnalongwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).Wethen stoodupforprayer.Isaid:Howmuchspanoftimewastherebetweenthetwo(acts, i.e.takingofSahriandobservingofprayer)?Hesaid(aspanofreciting)fiftyverses. Book35,Number2416: ThishadithhasbeentransmittedontheauthorityofQatadatoo. Book35,Number2417: Sahlb.Sa'd(Allahbepleasedwithhim)repottedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Thepeoplewillcontinuetoprosperaslongasthey hastenthebreakingofthefast. Book35,Number2418: AhadithlikethishasbeentransmittedbySahlb.Sa'd. Book35,Number2419: Abu'Atiyyareported:IandMasruqwentto'A'ishaandsaidtoher: MotheroftheBelievers,therearetwopersonsamongtheCompanionsofMuhammad (maypeacebeuponhim)oneamongwhomhastensinbreakingthefastandinobserving prayer,andtheotherdelaysbreakingthefastanddelaysobservingprayer.She said:Whoamongthetwohastensinbreakingfastandobservingprayers?Wesaid, Itis'Abdullah.i.e.sonofMas'ud.whereuponshesaid:ThisishowtheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)did.AbuKuraibadded:ThesecondonewasAbu Musa. Book35,Number2420: Abu'Atiyyareported:IandMisruqwentto'A'isha(Allahbepleased withher)andMasruqsaidtoher:TherearetwopersonsamongtheCompanionsof Muhammad(maypeacebeuponhim)noneofwhomabandonsthegood,butoneof themhastenstoobservesunsetprayerandbreakthefast,andtheotherdelaysin observingthesunsetprayerandinbreakingthefast,whereuponshesaid:Who hastenstoobservesunsetprayerandbreakthefast?Hesaid:Itis'Abdullah.Upon thisshesaid:ThisishowtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtodo. Chapter10:THETIMEFORBREAKINGTHEFASTANDENDINGOFDAY Book6,Number2421: 'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeace beuponhim)assaying:Whenthenightapproachesandthedayretreatesandthesun sinksdown,thentheobserverofthefastshouldbreakit.IbnNumairmadeno mentionoftheword"then". Book35,Number2422: 'Abdullahb.AbiAufareported:WewerewiththeMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)onajourneyduringthemonthofRamadan.Whenthesun hadsunkhesaid:Soandso,getdown(fromyourride)andpreparethemealof parchedbarleyforus.Hesaid:MessengerofAllah,still(thereislightof)day. He(theHolyProphet)said:Getdownandpreparemealofparchedbarleyforus.So hegotdownandpreparedthemealofparchedbarleyandofferedhim,andtheapostleof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)drankthat(liquidmeal).Hethentoldwiththegesture ofhishandthatwhenthesunsankfromthatsideandthenightappearedfromthat side,thentheobserverofthefastshouldbreakit. Book35,Number2423: IbnAbiAufa(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wewerewiththe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)onajourney.Whenthesunsankhesaid toaperson:Getdownandpreparebarleymealforus.Uponthishesaid:Messenger ofAllah,lettherebedusk.(HetheHolyProphet)said:Getdownandpreparebarley mealforus.He(theperson)said:Thereisstill(thelightof)dayuponus.(But)he gotdown(inobediencetothecommandoftheHolyProphet)andpreparedabarley mealforhimandhe(theHolyProphet)drankthat(liquidmeal)andthensaid:When youseethenightapproachingfromthatside(west)(andhepointedtowardstheeast withhishand),thentheobserverofthefastshouldbreakit. Book35,Number2424: Abdullahb.AbiAufa(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wetravelled withtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)ashehadbeenobservingfast. Whenthesunsankhesaid:Soandso,getdownandpreparebarleymealforus.The restofthehadithisthesame. Book35,Number2425: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofIbnAbiAufa(Allahbe pleasedwithhim)throughanotherchainoftransmitters(butwithasightalterationof words):Inthishadithtransmittedbyoneofthenarrators(neitherthesewordsarefound): DuringthemonthofRamadan."norhisstatement:"Andthenightprevailsfrom thatside(theeasternside)."(Thesewordsarefoundinthenarrationof)Hushaimonly. Chapter11:ITISFORBIDDENTOOBSERVEUNINTERRUPTEDFASTING Book6,Number2426: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)saidthattheApostleof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)forbadeuninterruptedfasting.They(someofthe Companions)said:Youyourselffastuninterruptedly,whereuponhesaid:Iamnotlikeyou. Iamfedandsupplieddrink(byAllah). Book35,Number2427: Ibn'UmarreportedthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) abservedfastsuninterruptedlyinRamadanandthepeople(inhiswake)didthis. Butheforbadethemtodoso.Itwassaidtohim(totheHolyProphet):Youyourself observethefastsuninterruptedly(butyouforbidustodoso)Uponthishesaid:Iam notlikeyou;Iamfedandsupplieddrink(byAllah). Book35,Number2428: AhadithlikethishasbeentransmittedbyIbn'Umar(Allahbepleased withbothofthem),buthedidnotmakementionof(thewords):"Duringthemonthof Ramadan." Book35,Number2429: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:TheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)forbade(hisCompanions)fromobservingfastunintermptedly. OneoftheMuslimssaid:MessengerofAllah,youyourselfobserveSaumWisal. whereupontheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Whoamongyouis likeme?Ispendnight(inastate)thatmyAllahfeedsmeandprovidesmedrink. Whenthey(theCompanionsoftheHolyProphet)didnotagreeinabandoningthe uninterruptedfast,thentheHolyProphet(maypeace.beuponhim)alsoobservedthis fastwiththemforaday,andthenforaday.Theythensawthenewmoonandhe(the HolyProphet)said:Iftheappearanceofthenewmoonweredelayed.Iwouldhave observedmore(fasts)withyou(andhedidit)bywayofwarningtothemasthey hadnotagreedtorefrain(fromobservingSaumWisal) Book35,Number2430: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:AbstainfromSaum-Wisal.They(hisCompanions)said: MessengerofAllah,butyouobserveSaumWisal.Uponthishesaid:Youarenotlike meinthismatter,forIspendmynight(inastate)thatmyLordfeedsmeand providesmedrinkDevoteyourselvestothedeeds(theburdenofwhich)youcanbear. Book35,Number2431: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sApostle(maypeace beuponhim)assaying(thewordsassaidintheprevioushadith)butwiththis alteration(ofwords):"Takeuponyourselves(theburdenofthedeeds)forwhichyou havethestrengthtobear." Book35,Number2432: AbuHurairareportedthattheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) forbade(hisCompanions)toobserveSaumWisal. Book35,Number2433: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedTheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)wasobservingprayerduringRamedan.Icameandstoodby hisside.Thenanothermancameandhestoodlikewisetillwebecameagroup.When theApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)perceivedthatwewerebehindhim,he lightenedtheprayer.Hethenwenttohisabodeandobservedsuch(along)prayer(the likeofwhich)heneverobservedwithus.Whenitwasmorningwesaidtohim:Did youperceiveusduringthenight?Uponthishesaid:Yes,itwasthis(realisation)that inducedmetodothatwhichIdid.He(thenarrator)said:TheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)begantoobserveSaumWisalattheendofthemonth(of Ramadan),andsomepersonsamonghisCompanionsbegantoobservethisuninter- ruptedfast,whereupontheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:What aboutsuchpersonswhoobserveuninterruptedfasts?Youarenotlikeme.ByAllah. ifthemonthwerelengthenedforme,IwouldhaveobservedSaumWisal,sothatthose whoactwithanexaggerationwould(havebeenobliged)toabandontheirexaggeration.1501 Book35,Number2434: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)observedSaumWisalduringtheearlypartofthemonthof Ramadan.ThepeopleamongMuslimsalsoobserveduninterruptedfast.This(news) reachedhim(theHolyProphet)andhesaid:HadthemonthbeenlengthenedformeI wouldhavecontinuedobservingSaumWisal,sothatthosewhoactwithforcedhardness would(havebeenobliged)toabandonit.Youarenotlikeme(orhesaid):Iamnot likeyou.Icontinuetodoso(inastate)thatmyLordfeedsmeandprovidesmedrink. Book35,Number2435: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)said:TheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)forbadethem(hisCompanions)toobserveSaumWisaloutofmercyfor them.Theysaid:You(HolyProphet)yourselfobserveit.Uponthishesaid:Iamnot likeyou.MyLordfeedsmeandprovidesmedrink. Chapter12:KISSINGISNOTFORBIDDENWHILEFASTINGIFONE ISNOTURGEDBYSEXUALLUST Book6,Number2436: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)saidthattheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)kissedoneofhiswiveswhilehewasfasting,andthenshe ('A'isha)smiled(asshenarrated). Book35,Number2437: Sufyanreported:Isaidto'Abdal-Rahmanb.Qasim:Haveyouheard fromyourfathernarratingfrom'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)thathekissedher whileobservingfast?He('Abdal-Rahmanb.Qasim)keptsilenceforashortwhileand thensaid:"Yes." Book35,Number2438: 'A'ishareported:Allah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtokiss mewhileobservingfast;andwhoamongyoucancontrolhisdesireastheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)couldcontrolhisdesire. Book35,Number2439: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported:Allah'sMessenger(maypeace beuponhim)usedtokiss(hiswives)whilefastingandembraced(them)whilefasting; buthehadthegreatestmasteryoverhisdesireamongyou. Book35,Number2440: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported:TheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)usedtokiss(hiswives)whilefasting;andhehadthegreatest controloverhisdesire(ascomparedwithyou). Book35,Number2441: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)saidthattheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)usedtoembrace(hiswives)whilefasting. Book35,Number2442: Aswadreported:IandMasruqwentto'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher) andasked.heriftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)embraced(hiswives) whilefasting.Shesaid:Yes;buthehadthegreatestcontroloverhisdesireamong you:orhewasoneofthosewhohadcontroloverhisdesire.Itisfurthernarratedon theauthorityofAswadandMasruqthattheywenttotheMotheroftheBelieversand theyaskedher(andtherestofthehadithisthesame) Book35,Number2443: 'Urwab.Zubairnarratedthat'A'ishatheMotheroftheBelievers(Allah bepleasedwithher)informedhimthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)kissedherwhilefasting. Book35,Number2444: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedbyYahyab.AbuKathirwiththe samechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2445: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)usedtokissherduringthemonthoffasting. Book35,Number2446: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)kissed(hiswives)duringRamadanwhileobservingfast. Book35,Number2447: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatAllah'sApostle(peacebe uponhim)kissed(hiswives)whilefasting. Book35,Number2448: Hafsa(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)kissed(hiswives)whilefasting. Book35,Number2449: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedbyHafsa(Allahbepleasedwithher) throughanotherchainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2450: UmarbAbuSalamareportedthatheaskedtheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim):Shouldoneobservingfastkiss(hiswife)?TheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)saidtohim:Askher(UmmSalama).Sheinformedhim thattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)didthat,whereuponhesaid: MessengerofAllah,Allahpardonedtheeallthysins,thepreviousandthelaterones. UponthistheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim))said:ByAllah,Iamthe mostGodconsciousamongyouandIfearHimmostamongyou. Chapter13:THEREISNOHARMINOBSERVINGFASTIFONEIS JUNBIEVENAFTERDAWN Book6,Number2451: AbuBakr(heisAbuBakrb.Abdal-Rahmanb.Harith)reported:Iheard AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)narratingthathewhoisovertaken bydawninastateofseminalemissionshouldnotobservefast.Imadea mentionofitto'Abdal-Rahmanb.Harith(i.e.tohisfather)buthedeniedit. 'Abdal-RahmanwentandIalsowentalongwithhimtillwecameto'A'ishaandUmmSalama (Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)andAbdal-Rahmanaskedthemaboutit. Bothofthemsaid:(Attimesitsohappened)thattheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)wokeupinthemorninginastateofjunub(butwithoutseminal emissioninadream)andobservedfastHe(thenarrator)said:Wethenproceededtill wewenttoMarwanandAbdal-Rahmanmadeamentionofittohim.Uponthis Marwansaid:Istressuponyou(withanoath)thatyoubettergotoAbuHurairaand refertohimwhatissaidaboutit.SowecametoAbuHurairaandAbuBakrhad beenwithusthroughoutand'Abdal-Rahmanmadeamentionofittohim,whereupon AbuHurairasaid:Didthey(thetwowivesoftheHolyProphet)tellyouthis?He replied:YesUponthis(AbuHuraira)said:Theyhavebetterknowledge.AbuHuraira thenattributedthatwhatwassaidaboutittoFadlb.'Abbasandsaid:Iheardit fromFadlandnotfromtheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).AbuHuraira thenretractedfromwhatheusedtosayaboutit.IbnJuraij(oneofthenarrators) reported:Iasked'Abdal-Malik,ifthey(thetwowives)said(madethestatement)in regardtoRamadan,whereuponhesaid:Itwasso,andhe(theHolyProphet)(wokeup inthe)morninginastateofjunubwhichwasnotduetothewetdreamandthen observedfast. Book35,Number2452: 'A'isha,thewifeoftheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),said: ThedawnbrokeupontheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)duringthe Ramadaninastateofjunubnotbecauseofsexualdream(butonaccountof intercourse)andhewashedhimselfandobservedfast. Book35,Number2453: AbuBakrreportedthatMarwansenthimtoUmmSalamatoaskwhether apersonshouldobservefastwhoisinastateofjunubandthedawnbreaksuponhim, whereuponshesaidthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)(wasattimes) junbionaccountofintercourseandnotduetosexualdream,andthedawnbroke uponhim,butheneitherbrokethefastnorrecompensed. Book35,Number2454: AbuBakrb.'Abdal-Rahmanb.al-Harithb.Hishamreportedonthe authorityof'A'ishaandUmmSalama,thewivesoftheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim):TheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)attimesgotup inthemorninginastateofjunubonaccountofhavingasexualintercourse(withhis wivesduringnight)butnotduetosexualdreamsinthemonthofRamadan,and wouldobservefast. Book35,Number2455: 'A'ishareportedthatapersoncametotheApottleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)askingforafatwa(religiousverdict).She('A'isha)hadbeenoverhearing itfrombehindthecurtain.'A'ishaaddedthathe(theperson)hadsaid:Messengerof Allah,(thetime)ofprayerovertakesmeasIaminastateofjunub;shouldIobserve fast(inthisstate)?UponthistheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said: (Attimesthetime)ofprayerovertakesmewhileIaminastateofjunub,andI observefast(inthatverystate),whereuponhesaid:MessengerofAllah,youarenot likeusAllahhaspardonedallyoursins,thepreviousonesandthelaterones.Upon thishe(theHolyProphet)said:ByAllah,IhopeIamthemostGod-fearirgofyou, andpossessthebestknowledgeamongyouofthose(things)againstwhichIshould guard. Book35,Number2456: Sulaimanb.YasarreportedthatheaskedUmmSalamawhetheraperson (whogetsup)inthemorninginastateofjunubshouldobservefast.Shesaid:The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)(attimes)gotupinthemorningina stateofjunub,notbecauseofsexualdreams(butonaccountofintercourseatnight), andthenobservedfast. Chapter14:SEXUALINTERCOURSEISCOMPLETELYFORBIDDEN DURINGTHEDAYINTHEMONTHOFRAMADAN Book6,Number2457: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatapersoncametothe ApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andsaid:MessengerofAllah,Iamundone. He(theHolyProphet)said:Whathasbroughtaboutyourruin?Hesaid:Ihave hadintercoursewithmywifeduringthemonthofRamadan.Uponthishe(theHoly prophet)said:Canyoufindaslavetosethimfree?Hesaid:NOHe(theHolyProphet again)said:Canyouobservefastfortwoconsecutivemonths?Hesaid:No.He(the HolyProphet)said:Canyouprovidefoodtosixtypoorpeople?,Hesaid:No.Hethen satdownand(inthemeanwhile)therewasbroughttotheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)abasketwhichcontaineddates.He(theHolyProphet)said:Givethese (dates)incharity.He(theman)said:AmItogivetoonewhoispoorerthanI?There isnofamilypoorerthanminebetweenthetwolavaplainsofMedina.TheApostleof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)laughedsothathismolarteethbecamevisibleand said:Goandgiveittoyourfamilytoeat. Book35,Number2458: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofMubammadb. Muslimal-Zuhriwiththesamechainoftransmitters,andhesaid:Therewasbrought an'araqcontainingdates,an'araqbeingahugebasket.Butinthishadithnomen- tionhasbeenmadeof(thefact)thattheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) laughedtillhismolarteethbecamevisible. Book35,Number2459: AbuHurairareportedthatapersonhadintercoursewithhiswifeduring Ramadan(whilefasting).Heaskedforthereligiousverdict(aboutit)fromthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),whereuponhe(theHolyProphet)said:Can youfindaslave(togranthimfreedom)?Hesaid:No.He(theHolyProphetagain) said:Canyouaffordtoobservefastsfortwo(consecutive)months?Hesaid:No. He(theHolyProphet)said:Thenfeedsixtypoormen. Book35,Number2460: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofZuhriwiththesame chainoftransmittersthatapersonbrokefastinRamadanwhereupontheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)commandedhimtofreeaslave(asanatonement), andtherestofthehadithisthesameasnarratedbyIbnUyaina. Book35,Number2461: Humaidb.'Abdal-RahmanreportedthatAbuHurairahadnarratedto himthattheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)commandedtheperson(who) brokethefastinRamadantofreeaslaveorobservefastsfortwo(consecutive)months orfeedsixtypoorpersons. Book35,Number2462: Thishadithhasbeennarratedwiththesamechainoftransmittersonthe authorityofZuhri. Book35,Number2463: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatapersoncametothe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andsaid:Iamburnt,whereuponthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Howisit?He(theperson)said:I hadintercoursewithmywifeduringthedayinRamadan.Uponthis(theHolyProphet) said:Givecharity,givecharity.He(theperson)said:Thereisnothingwithme. Hecommandedhimtositdown,(Inthemeanwhile)therewerebroughttohim(to theHolyProphet)twobasketscontainingeatables,whereupontheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)toldhimtogivethemassadaqa. Book35,Number2464: 'Abbadb.Abdullahb.Zubairnarratedthatheheard'A'isha(Allahbe pleasedwithher)saying:ApersoncametotheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him),andhethennarratedthehadith.But(neitherthesewordsarefound):"Give charity,givecharity"(nor)hiswords:"duringthedaytime". Book35,Number2465: Abbadb.Abdullahb.Zubairreportedthathehadheard'A'isha,thewife oftheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),assaying:Apersoncametothe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)inthemosqueduring(themonthof) Ramadanandsaid:MessengerofAllah,IamburntIamburnt,whereupontheMes- sengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)askedhimastowhatthematterwas.Upon thishesaid:Ihadintercoursewithmywife(inastateoffasting)Thereuponhe (theHolyProphet)said:Givecharity.Uponthishesaid:ApostleofAllah,Iswear byGod,thereisnothingwithme(togiveincharity)asIdonotpossessanything. He(theHolyProphet)said:Sitdown.Sohesatdownandhewasinthisverystate whentherecameapersonurgingadonkeywithaloadofeatablesuponit.TheMes- sengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Whereisthatburntonewhowasjust here?Thereuponthepersonstoodup.TheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) said:Givethis(eatablesbroughtbytheman)incharity.Uponthisthepersonsaid: MessengerofAllah,cantherebeanyoneelse(moredeservingthanI)?ByAllah.weare hungry,wehavenothingwithus.Uponthishe(theHolyProphet)said:Theneat (theseeatables). Chapter15:PERMISSIBILITYOFOBSERVINGTHEFASTORNOTOBSERVING ITINTHEMONTHOFRAMADANFORATRAVELLER Book6,Number2466: IbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)wentoutduringthemonthofRamadanintheyearofVictory (whenMeccawasconquered)andwasfastingtillhereachedKadid(acanalsituatedat adistanceofforty-twomilesfromMecca)andhethenbrokethefast.Anditwasthe habitoftheCompanionsoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)tofollow himineverynewthing(oract).Sotheyfollowedhimalso(inthismatter). Book35,Number2467: ThishadithisnarratedontheauthorityofZuhriwiththesamechainof transmitters.Yahya(oneofthenarrators)saidthatSufyan(thenarrator)hadstated: Idonotknowwhosestatementitis:"ItisthelastwordoftheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)whichisacceptedas(finalasitabrogatestheprevious ones)." Book35,Number2468: IthasbeennarratedontheauthorityofZuhriwiththesamechainof transmittersthatbreakingoffast(inajourney)isthefinalofthetwocommands (whetheronemayfastoronemaybreakit),anditisthelastcommandoftheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)whichistobeacceptedasfinal.Zuhrisaid:The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)marchedonMeccaonthemorningof14th ofRamadan(lit.whenthirteennightshadpassed). Book35,Number2469: AhadlthlikethishasbeentransmittedontheauthorityofIbnShibab whosaidthatthey(theCompnionsoftheHolyProphet)followedthelatestofhis commandsandlookeduponitasoneabrogating(thepreviousones)andthemost firm. Book35,Number2470: Ibn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)journeyedduringthemonthofRamadaninaslateof fastingtillhereached'Usfan.Hethenorderedacupcontainingdrinkingwater andhedrankthatopenlysothatthepeoplemightseeit,andbrokethefast(anddidnot resumeit)tillhereachedMecca.Ibn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)said:Allah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)fastedandbrokethefast,sohewhowishedfasted andhewhowishedtobreakitbrokeit. Book35,Number2471: IbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Donotcondemnonewho observesfast,oronewhodoesnotobserve(inajourney).fortheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)observedfastinajourneyorhedidnotobserveit(too). Book35,Number2472: Jabirb.'Abdullah(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthat Allah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)wentouttoMeccainRamadanintheyearof Victory,andheandthepeoplefastedtillhecametoKura'al-Ghamimandthepeople alsofasted.Hethencalledforacupofwaterwhichheraisedtillthepeoplesawit, andthenhedrank.Hewastoldafterwardsthatsomepeoplehadcontinuedtofast, andhesaid:Thesepeoplearethedisobedientones;thesearethedisobedientones. Book35,Number2473: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbyJa'farwiththesomechainoftrans- mittersandheadded:Itwassaidtohim(totheHolyProphet):Therearepeopleto whomfastinghasbecomeunbearableandtheyarewaitinghowyoudo.He(theHoly Prophet)thencalledforacupofwaterwhenitwasafternoon.Therestofthe hadithisthesame. Book35,Number2474: Jabirb.'Abdullah(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthatinthe courseofajourneyAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)sawaman,people crowdingaroundhimandprovidinghimashade.Uponthishe(theHolyProphet)said: Whatisthematterwithhim?Theysaid:Heisapersonobservingfast.Whereupon theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Itisnorighteousnessthatyou fastonjourney. Book35,Number2475: 'Amrb.al-HasanisreportedtohavesaidthatheheardJabirb.'Abdullah (Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)assayingthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)sawaman.Therestofthehadithisthesameasmentionedabove. Book35,Number2476: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofShu'bawiththesame chainoftransmittersbutwiththisadditionthathe(theHolyProphet)said:"Take advantageoftheconcessionofAllahWhoWantedittoyou."Whenhe(oneofthe narrators)askedhim(theotherone,Yabyab.AbiKathar)hedidnotretainitinhis mind. Book35,Number2477: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wewentouton anexpeditionwithAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)onthe16thofRamadan. Someofusfastedandsomeofusbrokethefast.Butneithertheobserverofthefast foundfaultwithonewhobrokeit,northebreakerofthefastfoundfaultwithonewho observedit. Book35,Number2478: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofQatadawiththe samechainoftransmittersbydifferentnarrators(exceptthisdifference)thatinthe hadithtransmittedbyTaimiandUmarb.AmirandHisham(thedateofsettingout is)18th,andinthehadithtransmittedbySa'iditisthe12th,andintheone transmittedbyShu'baitisthe17thor19th. Book35,Number2479: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wewentout onanexpeditionwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)duringRamadan andneithertheobserverofthefastwasfoundfaultwithforhisfasting,northebreaker ofthefastforbreakingit. Book35,Number2480: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wewentouton anexpeditionwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)duringRamadan. Someofusobservedthefastandsomeofusbrokeit.Neithertheobserverofthefast hadanygrudgeagainstonewhobrokeit,northebreakerofthefasthadanygrudge againstonewhohadfastedTheyknewthathewhohadstrengthenough(tobearits rigour)fastedandthatwasgood,andtheyalsofoundthathewhofeltweakness(and couldnotbeartheburden)brokeit,andthatwasalsogood. Book35,Number2481: AbuNadrareportedAbuSa'idal.KhudriandJabirb.Abdullahassaying: WetravelledwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).Theobserverof thefastobservedit,andthebreakerofthefastbrokeit,butnoneofthemfound faultwitheachother. Book35,Number2482: HumaidreportedthatAnas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)wasaskedabout fastingduringRamadanwhiletravelling.Hesaid:WetravelledwiththeMesseDgerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)duringthemonthofRamadan,butneithertheob- serverofthefastfoundfaultwiththebreakerofthefast,northebreakerofthefast foundfaultwiththeobserverofthefast. Book35,Number2483: AbuKhalidal-AhmarnarratedfromHumaidwhosaid:Iwentoutandwas fasting;theysaidtome:Break(litgoback,repeat).HesaidthatAnasreported thattheCompanionsoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoset outonajourneyandneithertheobserverofthefastfoundfaultwiththebreakerof thefast,northebreakerofthefastfoundfaultwiththeobserverofthefast.(Oneof thenarratorsHumaidsaid):ImetIbnAbiMulaikawhoinformedmethesamething ontheauthorityof'A'isha. Chapter16:THEREWARDOFONEWHODOESNOTOBSERVE FASTBECAUSEOFARELIGIOUSDUTY Book6,Number2484: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:WewerewiththeApostleof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)onajourney.Someofushadbeenobservingthefastand someofushadnotbeenfasting.Wegotdownataplaceonahotday.Mostofushad theclothforshelter.Therewerealsothoseamongstuswhosheltered(themselves againsttheraysofthe)sunwiththehelpoftheirhands.Theobserversofthefastfell down(onaccountofweakness).Thosewhohadnotobserveditgotupandpitched tentsandwateredthemounts.ThereupontheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)said:Thebreakersofthefasthavetakenawaytherewardtoday. Book35,Number2485: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)wasjourneying(alongwithhisCompanions).Someofthem hadobservedthefastwhereastheothershadbrokenit.Thosewhodidnotfastgirded uptheirloinsandworked,buttheobserversofthefastweretooweaktowork.Upon thishe(theApostleofAllah)said:Todaythebreakersofthefasthavegonewith thereward. Book35,Number2486: Qaza'areported:IcametoAbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwith him)andhewassurrounded(bypeople),andwhentheydispersedIsaidtohim:Iam notgoingtoaskyouaboutwhatthesepeoplewereasking.Iaskyouaboutfastingona journey.Uponthishesaid:WetravelledwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)towardsMeccaandwehadbeenobservingfast.Wehaltedataplace.There theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Youarenearingyourenemy andbreakingoffastwouldgiveyougreaterstrength,andthatwasaconcession(given tous).Butsomeofuscontinuedtoobservethefastandsomeofusbrokeit.Wethen gotdownatanotherplaceandhe(theHolyProphet)said:Youaregoingtoencounter theenemyinthemorningandbreakingofthefastwouldgiveyoustrength,sobreak thefast.Asitwasapointofstress,sowebrokethefast.Butsubsequentlywesaw ourselvesobservingthefastwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)on ajourney. Chapter17:CHOICEFOROBSERVINGFASTANDBREAKINGITONAJOURNEY Book6,Number2487: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatHamzab.'Amral-Aslami askedtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)aboutfastingonajourney,and he(theHolyProphet)said:Fastifyoulikeandbreakitifyoulike. Book35,Number2488: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatHamzab.Amral-Aslami askedtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)thus:MessengerofAllah,Iam apersondevotedmuchtofasting.ShouldIfastduringthejourney?He(theHoly Prophet)said:Fastifyoulikeandbreakitifyoulike. Book35,Number2489: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofHishamwiththesame chainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2490: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofHishamwiththesame chainoftransmittersthatHamzasaid:Iamapersonmuchusedtofasting.ShouldI fastduringthejourney?(Therestofthehadithisthesame.) Book35,Number2491: Hamzab.'Amral-Aslami(Allahbepleasedwithhim)said:Messengerof Allah,Ifindstrengthinmeforfastingonajourney;isthereanysinuponme(in doingit)?ThereupontheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Itisa concessionfromAllah.Hewhotookadvantageofit,itisgoodforhim,andhewhopreferred toobservefast,thereisnosinuponhim.Harun(oneofthenarrators)inhis narrationsaid:'ltisaconcession,andhemadenomentionof"fromAllah". Book35,Number2492: AbuDarda'(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Wesetoutduringthe monthofRamadanwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)insuchan intenseheatthatoneofuswouldplacehishandoverhishead(inordertoprotect himself)againsttheexcessiveheat,andnoneamonguswasobservingthefast,except theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)and'Abdullahb.Rawaha. Book35,Number2493: AbuDarda'reported:WewerewiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)onsomeofhisjourneysonanintenselyhotdaysomuchsothataperson wouldplacehishandonhishead(inordertoprotecthimself)againstexcessiveheat, andnoneamongstuswasfastingbuttheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) andAbdullahb.Rawaha Chapter18:ITISPREFERABLEFORTHEPILGRIMNOTTOOBSERVE FASTIN'ARAFATONTHEDAYOF'ARAFA Book6,Number2494: Ummal-Fadlbint-al-Harithreportedthatsomepeoplearguedabout thefastingoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)onthedayof'Arafa. Someofthemsaidthathehadbeenfasting,whereastheotherssaidthathehadnot beenfasting.Isentacupofmilktohimwhilehewasridinghiscamelat'Arafa,and hedrankit. Book35,Number2495: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAbuNadrwiththe samechainoftransmitters,buthedidnotmentionthathewasmounting(ridingon) hiscamel. Book35,Number2496: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbyAbuNadrontheauthorityofUmair, thefreedslaveofUmmal-Fadl,throughthesamechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2497: Ummal-Fadl(Allahbepleasedwithher)isreportedtohavesaidthat somepeopleamongtheCompanionsoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) wereindoubtaboutfastingonthedayof'Arafaandwewerewithhimonthatday. I(Ummal-Fadl)senthimacupofmilkandhewashaltingat'Arafa,andhe drankthat. Book35,Number2498: Kuraib,thefreedslaveofIbn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithhim),reported fromMaimuna,thewifeoftheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),that peoplehaddoubtaboutthefastingofAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)on thedayof'Arafa.Maimunasenthimacupofmilkandhewashaltingataplaceand hedrankitandthepeoplewereseeinghim. Chapter19:FASTINGONTHEDAYOF'ASHURA(1OTHOFMUHARRAM) Book6,Number2499: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheQuraishusedtofast onthedayof'Ashurainthepre-IslamicdaysandtheMessengerotAllah(maypeace beuponhim)alsoobservedit.WhenhemigratedtoMedina,hehimselfobservedthis fastandcommanded(others)toobserveit.Butwhenfastingduringthemonthof Ramadanwasmadeobligatoryhesaid:Hewhowishestoobservethisfastmaydoso, andhewhowishestoabandonitmaydoso. Book35,Number2500: ThishadithisnarratedontheauthorityofHishamwiththesamechain oftransmitters,buthemadenomentioninthefirstpartofthehadiththatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservefast,andsaidaboutthe secondpartthatheabandonedthe(fast)ofAshura,andhewhowishedobservedthe fastandwhowishedotherwiseabandonedit,andhedidnotholditasthewordsofthe ApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)asmentionedinthenarrationtransmitted byJarir. Book35,Number2501: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported.Inthepre-Islamicdaysfast wasobservedonthedayofAshura,butwiththeadventofIslam(itspositionwas ascertainedasthatofavoluntaryfast).Thenhewhowishedtofastfasted,andhewho likedtoabandonitabandonedit. Book35,Number2502: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)hadorderedtoobservefast(on'Ashura)beforethefasting inRamadanwasmadeobligatory.Butwhenitbecameobligatory,thenhewhowished fastedonthedayofAshura,andhewhowisheddidnotobserveit(onthatday). Book35,Number2503: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheQuraishusedto observefastonthedayofAshuraduringthepre-Islamicdays.TheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeupoghim)thencommandedtofastonthatdaytill(fasting)in Ramadanbecameobligatory.ThentheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) said:Hewhowishedtofastshoulddoso.andhewhowishedtobreakitmaydoso. Book35,Number2504: Abdullahb.'Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthat(theArabs of)pre-IslamicdaysusedtoobservefastonthedayofAshuraandtheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observeditandtheMuslimstoo(observedit)before fastinginRamadanbecameobligatory.Butwhenitbecameobligatory,theMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:'AshuraisoneofthedaysofAllah,sohe whowishedshouldobservefastandhewhowishedotherwiseshouldabandonit. Book35,Number2505: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAbdullahthrough thesamechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2506: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)saidthatthedayof'Ashurawas mentionedbeforetheMessengerofAllah(maypeaceheuponhim).Thereuponthe MessengerofAllah,(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Thatwasadayonwhichthepeople ofpre-Islamicdaysusedtoobservefast.Sohewhoamongstyoulikestoobservefast shoulddoso,andhewhodoesnotlikeitshouldabandonit. Book35,Number2507: Abdullahb.'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthathe heardtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)sayaboutthedayofAshura: Itisadayonwhichthepeopleofpre-Islamicdaysobservedfast.Sohewholikedto fastonthisdayshoulddoso,andhewholikedtoabandonitshouldabandonit. 'Abdullah(Allahbepleasedwithhim)didnotobservefastexceptwhenitcoincided (withthedayswhenhewasinthehabitofobservingvoluntaryfastsduringevery month). Book35,Number2508: Abdullahb.Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthatthedayof 'AshurawasmentionedbeforetheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andhe narratedahadithlikeone(narratedabove). Book35,Number2509: 'Abdullahb.Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthatthedayof 'AshurawasmentionedbeforetheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andhe said:Itisadaywhenthepeopleinthepre-Islamicdaysneedtoobservefast,sohe whowishestoobservefastshoulddoso,andhewhowishestoabandonitshoulddoso. Book35,Number2510: Abdal-Rahmanb.Yazidsaid:Whenal-Ash'athb.Qaisenteredthehouse of'Abdullahhewashavinghisbreakfast.He('Abdullahb.Umar)said:Abd Muhammad(al-Asha'th),comeneartothebreakfast.Thereuponhesaid:Isnottoday thedayof'Ashura?He('Abdal-Rahman)said:Doyouknowwhatthedayof'Ashura is?Hesaid:Whatisit?Hesaid:ItisadayonwhichtheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)usedtoobservefastbeforethe(fasting)inthemonthofRamadan (became)obligatory.Butwhenitbecameobligatorythe(fastingof'Ashura)was abandoned(ascompulsory).AbuKuraibsaid:He(theHolyProphet)abandonedit. Book35,Number2511: ThishadithhasbeennarratedfromJarirontheauthorityofA'mashwith thesamechainoftransmittersandhesaid(thesewordswithalittlebitofvariation fromtheprevioushadith):When(fasting)inRamadanwas(made)obligatory,heaban- donedit(thepracticeofobservingfastonAshura). Book35,Number2512: QaisbSakanreportedthatal-Ash'athb.Qaiswentto'Abdullahonthe dayof'Ashurawhilehewaseating.Hesaid:AbuMuhammad,comenearanddine. Uponthishesaid:Iamfasting.Thereuponhesaid:Weusedtoobservefastandthen (thispractice)wasabandoned. Book35,Number2513: 'AlqamareportedthatAsh'athb.QaiswenttoIbnMas'uddwhilehewas eatingonthedayofAshura.Thereuponhesaid:AbuAbdal-Rahman,itistheday of'Ashura(andyouareeating).Uponthishesaid:Fastwasobservedon(thisday) beforethe(fasting)inRamadanwasmadeobligatory,butwhenitwasmadeobligatory, (fastingonthedayof'Ashura)wasabandoned.Soifyouarenotfasting,then takefood. Book35,Number2514: JabirbSamurareportedthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)commandedustoobservefastonthedayofAshuraandexhortedustodoitand wasparticularaboutitButwhen(fasting)inRamadanwasmadeobligatory,hehence. forthneithercommandedusnorforbadeus,norwashesoparticularaboutit. Book35,Number2515: Abdal-RahmanreportedthatheheardMu'awiyab.AbuSufyandeliveringa sermoninMedina.i.e.whenhecamethere(forHajj).Hedeliveredasermonon thedayof'Ashuraandsaid:PeopleofMedina,whereareyourscholars?Iheard theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)sayonthisveryday:Itisthedayof 'Ashura.AllahhasnotmadefastingonThisdayobligatoryforyoubutIamfasting. Hewholikestoobservefastamongyoushoulddoso,andhewholikesnottoobserve itmaynotobserveit. Book35,Number2516: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofIbnShihabthrough thesamechainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2517: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofZuhriwiththesame chainoftransmittersthatbeheardAllah'sApostle(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying onasimilarday:Iamfastingtoday,sohewhowishestoobservefastshoulddoso; buthedidnotmakementionoftherestofthehadith. Book35,Number2518: IbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthatwhenAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)cametoMedina,hefoundtheJewsobservingthe fastonthedayofAshura.They(theJews)wereaskedaboutitandtheysaid:Itisthe dayonwhichAllahgrantedvictorytoMosesand(hispeople)BaniIsra'iloverthe PharaohandweobservefastoutofgratitudetoHim.UponthistheApostleofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)said:WehaveacloserconnectionwithMosesthanyouhave, andhecommandedtoobservefastonthisday. Book35,Number2519: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbyIbnBishrwiththesamechainoftrans- mitters(butwithaslightvariation)thathe(theHolyProphet)inquiredofthem (Jews)aboutit(fastingonthedayof'Ashura). Book35,Number2520: Ibn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)arrivedinMedinaandfoundtheJewsobservingfast onthedayof'Ashura.TheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtothem: Whatisthe(significance)ofthisdaythatyouobservefastonit?Theysaid:Itisthe dayofgreat(significance)whenAllahdeliveredMosesandhispeople,anddrownedthe Pharaohandhispeople,andMosesobservedfastoutofgratitudeandwealsoobserve it.UponthistheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Wehavemore right,andwehaveacloserconnectionwithMosesthanyouhave;soAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)observedfast(onthedayof'Ashura),andgaveordersthat itshouldbeobserved. Book35,Number2521: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAyyubwiththesame chainoftransmitters. Book35,Number2522: AbuMusa(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Thedayof'Ashurawas onewhichtheJewsrespectedandtheytreateditasId.TheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)said:Youalsoobservefastonthisday. Book35,Number2523: AbuMusareportedthatthepeopleofKhaibar(mostofthemwereJews) observedfastonthtdayof'Ashuraandtheytreateditas'Idandgavetheirwomen ornamentsandbeautifuldresstowear.TheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) said:You(only)observefastonthisday. Book35,Number2524: IbnAbbaswasaskedaboutobservingoffastonthedayofAshura, whereuponhesaid:IdonotknowAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)singling outanyday'sfastandconsideringitmoreexcellentthananother,exceptthisday (thedayofAshura)andthismonth,meaningthemonthofRamadan. Book35,Number2525: Ahadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityof'Ubaidullahb. AbiYazid. Chapter20:ONWHICHDAYTHEFASTISTOBEOBSERVEDINMUHARRAM Book6,Number2526: Hakamb.al-'Arajreported:IwenttoIbn'Abbas(AllahbePleasedwith bothofthem)andhewasrecliningusinghismantleasapillownearthefountainof Zamzam.Isaidtohim:TellmeaboutfastingonAshura.Hesaid:Whenyouseethe newmoonofMuharramthencountthe(days)andobservefastonthe9th.Isaidto him:IsithowtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observedthefast?He said:Yes. Book35,Number2527: Hakamb.'Arajreported:IaskedIbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwiththem) ashewasrecliningusinghiscloakasapillownearZamzamaboutfastingon 'Ashura.Therestofthehadithisthesame. Book35,Number2528: Ibn'AbbasreportedthatwhentheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)fastedonthedayof'Ashuraandcommandedthatitshouldheobservedasa fast,they(hisCompanions)saidtohim:MessengerofAllah,itisadaywhichthe JewsandChristiansholdinhighesteem.ThereupontheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)said:Whenthenextyearcomes,Godwilling,wewouldobserve fastonthe9thButtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)died beforetheadventofthenextyear. Book35,Number2529: Abdullahb'AbbasreportedthattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)hadsaid:IfIlivetillthenext(year),Iwoulddefinitelyobservefaston the9th,andthenarrationtransmittedbyAbuBakris:"HemeantthedayofAshura." Chapter21:HEWHOATEONTHEDAYOFASHVRASHOULDABSTAIN(FROM EATING)FORTHERESTOFTHEDAY(ASAMARKOFRESPECT) Book6,Number2530: Salamab.al-Akwa'(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)sentapersonofthetribeofAslamonthedayof 'Ashuraandcommandedhimtodeclaretothepeopletoobservefastincasetheyhad notobservedit,andtocompletefasttilleveningiftheyhadtakenfood Book35,Number2531: Rubayyi'daughterofMu'awwidhb.'Afra'saidthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)sent(aperson)onthemorningofAshuratothe villagesofAnsararoundMedina(withthismessage):Hewhogotupinthemorning fasting(withouteatinganything)heshouldcompletehisfast,andhewhohadhad hisbreakfastinthemorning,heshouldcompletetherestoftheday(withoutfood). TheCompanionssaid;Wehenceforthobservedfastonit(onthedayof'Ashura)and, Godwilling,madeourchildrenobservethat.Wewenttothemosqueandmadetoys outofwoolforthemandwhenanyonefelthungryandweptforfoodwegavethem thesetoystillitwasthetimetobreakthefast. Book35,Number2532: Khalidb.Dhakwanreported:IaskedRubayyi'daugtherofMu'awwidh aboutfastingonthedayof'Ashura.Thereuponshesaid:TheMessengerofAllah(may peaceheuponhim)senthismessengertothevillagesoftheAnsar,andtherestof thehadithisthesame(butwiththisvariationthatoneoftheCompanions)said:"We usedtomaketoysoutofwoolandtook(themtothemosque)alongwithus.When they(thechildren)askedusforfood,wegavethemthesetoystoplaywith,andthese madethemforgetfultilltheycompletedtheirfast." Chapter22:FORBIDDANCETOOBSERVEFASTON'ID-UL-FITRAND'ID-UL-ADHA Book6,Number2533: AbuUbaid,thefreedslaveofIbnAzhar,reported:IobservedIdalong withUmarb.al-Khattab(Allahbepleasedwithhim).Hecame(outinanopen space)andprayedand(after)completingitaddressedthepeopleandsaid:The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hasforbiddentheobservingoffaston thesetwodays.OneisthedayofFitr(attheendofyourfasts),andthesecondone, thedaywhenyoueat(themeat)ofyoursacrifices. Book35,Number2534: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)forbadetoobservefastonthesetwodays.'Id-ul-Adhabi and'Id-ul-Fitr. Book35,Number2535: Qaza'arelatedfromAbuSa'id.Hesaid:Iheardfromhim(AbuSa'id)a hadithwhichimpressedme,andIsaidtohim:DidyouhearitfromtheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)?Thereuponhesaid:(Isitpossible)that(Ishould)say abouttheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)thatwhichIhavenotheard? Iheardhimsaying:Itisnotpropertofastontwodays,AdhaandFitr(attheend) ofRamadan. Book35,Number2536: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)forbadetoobservefastontwodaysthe dayofFitrandthedayofSacrifice('Id-ul-Adha). Book35,Number2537: Ziyadb.JubairreportedthatapersoncametoIbn'Umar(Allahbe pleasedwiththem)andsaid:IhadtakenavowthatIwouldfastontheday(butit accidentally)synchroniseswiththedayofAdhaorthedayofFitr.ThereuponIbn 'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithhim)said:Allah,theExalted,hascommandedfulfilling ofthevow,buttheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hasforbiddenthe observanceoffastonthisday. Book35,Number2538: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)saidthattheProphet(maypeacebe uponhim)forbadetoobservefastontwodays-thedayofFitrandthedayofAdha. Book35,Number2539: Nubaishaal-HudhalireportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim) assaying:ThedaysofTashriqarethedaysofeatinganddrinking. Book35,Number2540: NabaishareportedthatKhalidsaid:ImetAbuMalihandaskedhimand henarratedittomefromtheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).ahadithlike one(narratedabove)withthisaddition:"AndremembranceofAllah" Book35,Number2541: IbnKa'bb.Malikreportedontheauthorityofhisfatherthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)senthimandAusb.Hadathanduringthe daysofTashriqtomakethisannouncement:Nonebutthebelieverwouldbeadmitted intoParadise,andthedaysofMina'arethedaysmeantforeatinganddrinking. Book35,Number2542: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofIbrahimb.Tahman withthesamechainoftransmittersbutwiththisvariationthathesaid:Bothof themmadetheannouncement." Chapter23:DISAPPROVALOFFASTINGONFRIDAYALONE Book6,Number2543: Muhammadb.'Abbasb.Ja'farreported:IaskedJabirb.'Abdullah(Allah bepleasedwithbothofthem)ashewascircumambulatingtheHouse(Ka'ba)whether theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadforbiddenthefastingonFriday, whereuponhesaid:Yes,bytheLordofthisHouse. Book35,Number2544: Muhammadb.'Abbasb.Ja'farreportedthatheaskedJabirb.Abdullah (Allahbepleasedwiththem),whetherhehadheardlikethisfromtheApostleofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim). Book35,Number2545: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedtheApostleofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:NoneamongyoushouldobservefastonFriday, butonlythatheobservesfastbeforeitandafterit. Book35,Number2546: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sApostle(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Donotsingleoutthenight(preceding)Fridayamong thenightsforprayeranddonotsingleoutFridayamongdaysforfastingbutonly whenanyoneamongyouisaccustomedtofast(ondates)whichcoincidewiththisday (Friday). Chapter24:ABROGATIONOFTHEWORDSOFALLAH:"ANDASFOR THOSEWHOCANFAST(BUTDONOT)THEEXPIATION IS"BYTHEWORDS:"WHOSOEVERWITNESSESITHESHALLHAVETOFASTTHE WHOLEMONTH"(ii.184) Book6,Number2547: Salamab.Akwa'(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatwhenthisverse wasrevealed:"Andasforthosewhocanfast(butdonot)expiationisthefeedingof aneedyperson"(ii.183),(hewholikedtoobservefastdidobserveit)andhewho feltreluctanttoobserveitateandexpiatedtilltheversewasrevealedwhichabro- gatedit. Book35,Number2548: Salamab.Akwa'reported:We,duringthelifetimeoftheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim),inonemonthofRamadan(observedfastaccording toourliking).Hewhowishedtofastlastedandhewhowishedtobreakbrokeitand fedaneedypersonasanexpiation1544tillthisversewasrevealed:"Hewhowitnesses amongyouthemonth(ofRamadan)heshouldobservefastduringit"(ii.184). Chapter25:PERMISSIBILIYOFCOMPLETINGTHE(MISSED)FASTSOF RAMADANBEFORETHECOMMENCEMENTOFTHECOMINGRAMADAN Book6,Number2549: AbuSalamareported:Iheard'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)assaying: IhadtocompletesomeofthefastsofRamadan,butIcouldnotdoitbutduring themonthofSha'banduetomydutiestotheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)orwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim). Book35,Number2550: ThishadithisnarratedontheauthorityofYahyab.Sa'idwiththesame chainoftransmittersbutwiththisvariationthathesaidthat('A'ishadidnotobserve fastbutinSha'ban)outofregardfortheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim). (Inanotherversion,thewordsare):"Yahyasaid:Ithinkitwasduetotheregardfor theApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)." Book35,Number2551: ThishadithisreportedontheauthorityofYahyawiththesamechainof transmittersbutnomentionismadeofthedutytotheMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim). Book35,Number2552: 'A'ishareported:Ifoneamongstushadtobreakfasts(ofRamadandueto naturalreasons,i.e.menses)duringthelifeoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebe uponhim)shecouldnotfinditpossibletocompletethemsolongshehadbeeninthe presenceofAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)tillSha'bancommenced. Chapter26:COMPLETINGOFTHEFASTONBEHALFOFTHEDEAD Book6,Number2553: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeace beuponhim)assaying:Ifanyonediesinastate(thathehadtocomplete)somefasts, hisheirmustfastonhisbehalf. Book35,Number2554: Ibn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported:Awomancame totheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andsaid:Mymotherhasdied, andfastsofamonthareduefromher.Thereuponhesaid:Don'tyouseethatifdebt wasduefromher,wouldyounotpayit?Shesaid:Yes(Iwouldpayonherbehalf). Thereuponhesaid:ThedebtofAllahdeservesitspaymentmorethan(thepaymentof anyoneelse). Book35,Number2555: Ibn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reported:Amancametothe ApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andsaid:MessengerofAllah,mymother hasdied(inastate)thatshehadtoobservefastsofamonth(ofRamadan).ShouldI complete(them)onherbehalf?thereuponhe(theHolyProphet)said:Wouldyou notpaythedebtifyourmotherhaddied(withoutpayingit)?Hesaid:Yes.He(the HolyProphet)said:ThedebtofAllahdeservesmorethatitshouldhepaid. Book35,Number2556: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofIbn'Abbas(Allahbe pleasedwiththem)fromtheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim). Book35,Number2557: IbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reported:Awomancametothe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)andsaid:MessengerofAllah,mymother hasdiedandthereisduefromherafastofvow;shouldIfastonherbehalf? Thereuponhesaid:Youseethatifyourmotherhaddiedindebt,woulditnothavebeen paidonherbehalf?Shesaid:Yes.He(theHolyProphet)said:Thenobservefaston behalfofyourmother. Book35,Number2558: Abdullahb.Buraida(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedontheauthority ofhisfather:WhenweweresittingwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him),awomancametohimandsaid:Ihadgiftedtomymotheramaid-servant,and nowshe(themother)hasdied.Thereuponhe(theHolyProphet)said:Thereisa definiterewardforyouandshe(themaid-servant)hasbeenreturnedtoyouasan inheritance.She(thatwoman)againsaid:Fastsofamonth(ofRamadan)aredueupon her;shouldIobservethemonherbehalf?He(theHolyProphet)said:Observefasts onherbehalf.She(again)said:ShedidnotperformHajj,shouldIperformitonher behalf?He(theHolyProphet)said:PerformHajjonherbehalf. Book35,Number2559: 'Abdullahb.Buraida(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedontheauthority ofhisfather:IwassittingwiththeApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim);the restofthehadithisthesamebutwiththisvariationthatthe(thenarrator)said: "Fastsoftwomonths." Book35,Number2560: IbnBuraida(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedontheauthorityofhis father:AwomancametotheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),andtherest ofthehadithisthesame,buthesaid:"Fastingofonemonth."Thishadithhasbeen narratedontheauthorityofSufyanwiththesamechainoftransmittersinwhichitis said:"Fastingoftwomonths." Book35,Number2561: Buraida(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedasimilarhadithonthe authorityofhisfatherthatawomancametotheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)andhesaid:"Fastingforonemonth." Chapter27:WHENANOBSERVEROFFASTISINVITEDTOAFEAST, ORSOMEONEFIGHTSWITHHIM,HESHOULDSAY:"IAMFASTING" Book6,Number2562: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sApostle(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Ifanyoneofyouisinvitedtoamealwhenheisfasting, heshouldsay:"Iamfasting." Book35,Number2563: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Whenanyoneofyou getsupinthemorninginthestateoffasting,heshouldneitheruseobscenelanguage nordoanyactofignorance.Andifanyoneslandershimorquarrelswithhim,he shouldsay:"Iamfasting,Iamfasting." Chapter28:EXCELLENCEOFFASTING Book6,Number2564: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: Allah,theMajesticandtheExalted,said:EveryactofthesonofAdamisforhim exceptfasting.ItisdoneforMysake,andIwillgivearewardforit.ByAllahin WhoseHandisthelifeofMuhammad,thebreathoftheobserveroffastissweeterto Allahthanthefragranceofmusk. Book35,Number2565: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)as saying:Fastingisashield. Book35,Number2566: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying: AllahtheExaltedandMajesticsaid:EveryactofthesonofAdamisforhim,except fasting.Itis(exclusively)meantforMeandI(alone)willrewardit.Fastingisashield. Whenanyoneofyouisfastingonaday,heshouldneitherindulgeinobscenelanguage, norraisethevoice;orifanyonerevileshimortriestoquarrelwithhimheshouldsay:I amapersonfasting.ByHim,inWhoseHandisthelifeofMuhammad,thebreathof theobserveroffastissweetertoAllahontheDayofjudgmentthanthefragranceof musk.Theonewhofastshastwo(occasions)ofjoy,onewhenhebreaksthefasthe isgladwiththebreakingof(thefast)andonewhenhemeetshisLordheisgladwith hisfast. Book35,Number2567: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Every(good)deedofthesonofAdamwouldbe multiplied,agooddeedreceivingatenfoldtosevenhundredfoldreward.Allah,the ExaltedandMajestic,hassaid:Withtheexceptionoffasting,foritisdoneforMeand Iwillgivearewardforit,foroneabandonshispassionandfoodforMysake.There aretwooccasionsofjoyforonewhofasts,joywhenhebreaksit,andjoywhenhe meetshisLord,andthebreath(ofanobserveroffast)issweetertoAllahthanthe fragranceofmusk. Book35,Number2568: AbuHurairaandAbuSa'id(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported Allah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)(assaying):Allah,theExaltedand Majestic,said:Fast(isexclusively)meantforMeandIwouldgiveitsreward.Thereare two(occasions)ofjoyfortheobserveroffast.Hefeelsjoywhenhebreaksthefast andheishappywhenhemeetsAllah.ByAllahinWhoseHandisthelifeofMuhammad, thebreathoftheobserveroffastissweetertoAllahthanthefragranceofmusk.A hadithlikethisisnarratedontheauthorityofAbuSinanwiththesamechainof transmitters(andthewordsare):"AshemeetsAllah,Herewardshim,andheishappy." Book35,Number2569: Sahlb.Sa'd(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:InParadisethereisagatewhichiscalledRayyan throughwhichonlytheobserversoffastwouldenterontheDayonResurrection.None elsewouldenteralongwiththem.Itwouldbeproclaimed:Wherearetheobserversof fastthattheyshouldbeadmittedintoit?-andwhenthelastofthemwouldenter,it wouldbeclosedandnoonewouldenterit. Book35,Number2570: AbuSa'idalKhudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:EveryservantofAllahwhoobservesfastfora dayinthewayofAllah,Allahwouldremove,becauseofthisday,hisfacefarther fromtheFire(ofHell)totheextentofseventyyears'distance. Book35,Number2571: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbySuhailwiththe,arnechainoftrausmitters. Book35,Number2572: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Hewhoobservesfastforadayinthewayof AllahHewouldremovehisfacefromtheHelltotheextentofseventyyears'distance. Chapter29:PERMISSIBILITYOFMAKINGANINTENTIONFORVOLUNTARY FASTINGBEFORENOONANDPERMISSIBILITYOFBREAKINGVOLUNIARYFASTWITHOUTREASON Book6,Number2573: 'A'isha,theMotheroftheBelievers(Allahbepleasedwithher),reported thatonedaytheMessengerofAllahtpaypeacebeuponhim)saidtome:'A'isha, haveyouanything(toeat)?Isaid:'MessengerofAllah,thereisnothingwithus. Thereuponhesaid:Iamobservingfast.Shesaid:TheMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)wentout,andtherewasapresent,forusand(atthesametime)some visitorsdroppedin.WhentheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)cameback, Isaidtohim:MessengerofAllah,apresentwasgiventous,(andinthemeanwhile) therecametousvisitors(amajorPortionofithasbeenspentonthem),butIhavesaved somethingforyou.Hesaid:Whatisit?Isaid:Itishais(acompoundofdatesand clarifiedbutter).Hesaid:Bringthat.SoIbroughtittohimandheateitandthensaid: Iwokeupinthemorningobservingfast.Talhasaid:InarratedthishadithtoMujahid andhesaid:This(observingofvoluntaryfast)islikeapersonwhosetsapartSadaqa outofhiswealth.Hemayspenditifhelikes,orhemayretainitifhesolikes. Book6,Number2574: 'A'isha,theMotheroftheBelievers(Allahbepleasedwithher),reported: TheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)cametomeonedayandsaid:Isthere anythingwithyou(toeat)?Isaid:No.Thereuponhesaid:Ishallthenbefasting. Thenhecametousanotherdayandwesaid:MessengerofAllah,haishasbeenoffered tousasagift.Thereuponhesaid:Showthattome;Ihadbeenfastingsincemorning. Hethenateit. Chapter30:EATINGANDDRINKING(ANDSEXUALINIERCOURSE) INFORGETFULNESSDOESNOTBREAKTHEFAST Book6,Number2575: AbuHurairareportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)as saying:Ifanyoneforgetsthatheisfastingandeatsordrinksheshouldcompletehis fast,foritisonlyAllahWhohasfedhimandgivenhimdrink. Chapter31:THEFASTOBSERVEDBYTHEAPOSTLEOFALLAH (MAYPEACEBEUPONHIM)BESIDESRAMADAN Book6,Number2576: Abdullahb.Shaqiqreported:Isaidto'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher): DidtheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observefastforfullonemonth besidesRamadan?Shesaid:Idonotknowofanymonthinwhichhefastedthrough- out,butthatofthemonthofRamadanand(themonth)inwhichhedidnotfastat all,tillheranthecourseofhislife. Book6,Number2577: 'Abdullahb.Shaqiqreported:Isaidto'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher): DidtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observefastduringamonth? Shesaid,IdonotknowofanymonthinwhichhefastedthroughoutexceptRamedan and(themonth)inwhichhedidnotfastatalltillheranthecourseofhislife. Maypeacebeuponhim. Book6,Number2578: Abdullahb.Shaqiqreported.Iasked'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher) aboutfastingoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).Shesaid:Heused toobservefast(attimes)socontinuouslythatwesaid:Hehasfasted,hehasfasted. And(attimes)hedidnotobservefast(fordays)andwebegantosay:Hehas abandonedfasting,hehasabandonedfasting.Shesaid:Ididnotseehimobservingfast throughoutthewholeofthemonthsincehearrivedinMedina,butthatofRamadan. Book6,Number2579: AhadithlikethishasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAbdullahb.Shaqiq butinthechainoftransmittersnomentionismadeofHishamandMuhammad. Book6,Number2580: 'A'isha,theMotheroftheBelievers(Allahbepleasedwithher),reported thattheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservefasts(soconti- nuously)thatwesaidthathewouldnotbreak,anddidnotobserve(them)tillwesaid thathewouldnotfast:andIdidnotseetheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeupon him)completingthefastofamonth,butthatofRamadan,andIdidnotseehim fastingmoreinanyothermonththanthatofSha'ban. Book6,Number2581: AbuSalamareported:Iasked'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)about thefastingoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim).Shesaid:Heusedto observefast(attimessocontinuously)thatwesaid:Hehasfasted(nevertobreak),and hedidnotobservefasttillwesaid:Hehasgivenupperhapsnevertofast,andInever sawhimobserving(voluntaryfasts)moreinanyothermonththanthatofSha'ban.(lt appearedasif)heobservedfastthroughoutthewholeofSha'banexceptafew(days). Book6,Number2582: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported:TheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)didnotobservefastinanymonthoftheyearmorethaninthe monthofSha'ban,andusedtosay:Doasmanydeedsasyouarecapableofdoing,for Allahwillnotbecomeweary(ofgivingyoureward),butyouwouldbetired(ofdoing gooddeeds);andhealsosaid:ThedeedlikedmostbyAllahisonetowhichthedoer adheresconstantlyevenifitissmall. Book6,Number2583: IbnAbbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported:TheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)didnotfastthroughoutanymonthexceptduringramadan. Andwhenheobservedfast(hefastedsocontinuously)thatonewouldsaythathewould notbreak(them)andwhenheAbandoned,heabandoned(socontinuously)thatone wouldsay:ByAllah,perhapshewouldneverfast. Book6,Number2584: ThishadithhasbeennarratedontheauthorityofAbuBishrwiththesame chainoftransmitters(withaslightvariationofwordsandtheseare),thathe(the narrator)said:"DuringanymonthcontinuouslysincehecametoMedina." Book6,Number2585: 'Uthmanb.Hakimal-Ansarisaid:IaskedSa'idb.JubairaboutfastingIn Rajab,andwewerethenpassingthroughthemonthofRajab,whereuponhesaid:I heardIbn'Abbas(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)assaying:TheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservefast(socontinuously)thatwe(were inclined)tosaythathewouldnotbreak(them)anddidnotobservethemsoconti- nuously)thatwe(wereinclinedtosay)thathewouldnotobservefast. Book6,Number2586: Anas(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservefasttillitwassaidthathehadobserved fast,hehadobservedfast(perhapsnevertobreakit),andhedidnotfasttillitwas saidthathehadgivenupfast,hehadgivenupfast(perhapsnevertoobserveit). Chapter32:FORBIDDANCETOOBSERVEPERPETUALFASTANDEXCELLENCE OFOBSERVINGFASTONALTERNATEDAYS Book6,Number2587: 'Abdullahb.'Amrb.al-'AsreportedthattheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)wasinformedthathecouldstandupfor(prayer)throughoutthe nightandobservefasteverydaysolongashelived.ThereupontheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)said:Isityouwhosaidthis?Isaidtohim:Messengerof Allah.itisIwhosaidthat.ThereupontheMessengerofAllahmaypeacebeupon him)said:Youarenotcapableenoughtodoso.Observefastandbreakit;sleepand standforprayer,andobservefastforthreedaysduringthemonth;foreverygoodis multipliedtentimesandthisislikefastingforever.Isaid:MessengerofAllah.Iam capableofdoingmorethanthis.Thereuponhesaid:Fastonedayanddonotfastforthe nexttwodays.Isaid:MessengerofAllah,Ihavethestrengthtodomorethanthat. TheHolyProphet(maypeacebeuponhim),said:Fastonedayandbreakontheother day.ThatisknownasthefastingofDavid(peacebeuponhim)andthatisthebest fasting.Isaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis.ThereupontheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:Thereisnothingbetterthanthis.'Abdullahb. 'Amr(Allahbepleasedwiththem)said:HadIacceptedthethreedays(fastingduring everymonth)astheMesseingerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaid,itwould havebeenmoredeartomethanmyfamilyandmyproperty. Book6,Number2588: Yahyareported:Iand'Abdullahb.YazidsetouttillwecametoAbu Salama.Wesentamessengertohim(inhishouseinordertoinformhimaboutour arrival)andhecametous.Therewasamosquenearthedoorofhishouse,andwe wereinthatmosque,tillhecameouttous.Hesaid:Ifyoulikeyoumayenter(the house)and,ifyoulike,youmaysithere(inthemosque).Wesaid:Wewouldrather sithereand(you)relatetous.He(Yahya)thennarratedthat'AbdullahbAmrb. al-'As(Allahbepleasedwiththem)toldhim:Iusedtoobservefastuninterruptedly andrecitedthe(wholeofthe)Qur'aneverynight.It(theuninterruptedfastingand recitaloftheQur'ineverynight)wasmentionedtotheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)orhesentforme,andIwenttohimandhesaidtome:Ihavebeen informedthatyoufastcontinuouslyandrecite(thewholeoftheQur'An)everynight.I said:ApostleofAllah,itisright,butIcovettherebynothingbutgood,whereuponhe said:Itsufficesforyouthatyoushouldobservefastforthreedaysduringevery mouth.Isaid:ApostleofAllah,Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis.Hesaid:Your wifehasarightuponyou,yourvisitorhasarightuponyou,yourbodyhasaright uponyou;soobservethefastofDavid,theApostleofAllah(peacebeuponhim),for hewasthebestworshipperofAllah.Isaid:ApostleofAllah,whatisthefastof David?Hesaid:Heusedtofastonedayanddidnotfasttheotherday.He(also) said:RecitetheQur'anduringeverymonth.Isaid:ApostleofAllah,Iamcapableof doingmorethanthis,whereuponhesaid:Reciteitintwentydays;reciteitinten days.Isaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis,whereuponhesaid:Reciteit everyweek,anddonotexceedbeyondthis,foryourwifehasarightuponyou,your visitorhasarightuponyou,yourbodyhasarightuponyou.He('Amrb.'As)said: IwashardtomyselfandthusIwasputtohardship.TheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)hadtoldme:'Youdonotknowyoumaylivelong(thusandbearthe hardshipsforalongtime),andIacceptedthatwhichtheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)hadtoldme.WhenIgrewoldIwishedIhadavailedmyselfoftheconces- sion(grantedby)theApostleofAllah(may-peacebeuponhim).Thishadithhasbeen narratedbyYahyab.AbuKathirwiththesamechainoftransmittersandhemadethis additionafterthesewords:Duringeverymonth,(fasting)forthreedays,thereisforyou tentimesforeverygoodandthatisperpetualfasting(forthreedayswouldbringa rewardforfullthirtydays).Isaid:WhatisthefastoftheApostleofAllah,David?He said:Halfoftheage(observingfastonalternatedaysforthewholelife).Andinthe hadithnomentionhasbeenmadeoftherecitaloftheQur'an,andhedidnotsay:Your visitorhasarightuponyou,but(instead)hesaid:Yoursonhasarightuponyou. Book6,Number2589: 'Abdullahb.'Amr(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reported:TheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtome:RecitethewholeoftheQur'Anduring everynonth.Isaid:Ifindpower(toreciteit)inashorterperiod.Hesaid:Then reciteitintwentynights.Isaid:Ifindpower(toreciteitinashorterperiodeven thanthis),whereuponhesaid:Thenreciteitinseven(nights)anddonotexceed beyondit. Book6,Number2590: 'Abdullahb.'Amrb.al-'As(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:'Abdullah,don'tbelikesoandso whoobservedprayerduringthewholenightandthenabandonedit(altogether). Book6,Number2591: Abdu'llahb.'Amrb.'As(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reported:Itwas conveyedtotheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)thatIobservefastsucces- sivelyandprayduringthewholenight.HesentformeorImethimandhe(theHoly Prophet)said:Ithasbeenconveyedtomethatyouobservefastcontinuouslyanddo notbreakitandprayduringthewholenight.Don'tdothat.forthereissharefor youreyes,shareforyourownself,shareforyourfamily;soobservefastandbreak it,prayandsleepandobservefastforonedayduringthetendays,andthereisa rewardforyou(forother)nine(daysbesidesthetenthdayofthefast).Isaid:Apostle ofAllah,Ifindmyselfmorepowerfulthanthis.Hesaid:ThenobservethefastofDavid (peacebeuponhim).He('Amr)said:ApostleofAllah,howdidDavidobservefast? He(theHolyProphet)said:Heusedtofastonedayandbreakitontheotherday, andhedidnotrun(fromthebattlefield)asheencountered(theenemy).Hesaid:Apostle ofAllah,whocanguaranteethisforme(willIalsoencountertheenemydauntlessly)? 'Ata',thenarratorofthehadith,said:Idonotknowhowthere(creptin)thematterof perpetualfast.TheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),however,said:Hewho observedperpetualfastdidnotfastatall;hewhoobservedperpetualfastdidnot fastatall,hewhoobservedperpetualfastdidnotfastatall.Thishadithhasbeen narratedbyIbnJuraijwiththesamechainoftransmitters.ImamMuslimhasnarrated thishadithontheauthorityofAbu'Abbasal-Sa'ibb.Farrukhandhewasatrustworthy andreliable(narrator)amongthepeopleofMecca. Book6,Number2592: Abdullahb.Amr(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported:The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtome:'Abdullahb.Amr,youfast continuouslyandstandinprayerforthewholeofnight.Ifyoudolikethat,your eyeswouldbehighlystrainedandwouldsinkandlosesight.Thereisno(rewardfor) fasting(forhim)whofastsperpetually.Fastingforthreedaysduringthemonthis likefasting,thewholeofthemonth.Isaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis, whereuponhesaid:ObservethefastofDavid.Heusedtofastonedayandbreak(the other)day.Andhedidnotturnbackintheencounter. Book6,Number2593: ThishadithisnarratedontheauthorityofHabibb.AbuThabitwiththe samechainoftransmittersandhesaid:"Andyouwouldbecomeexhausted." Book6,Number2594: 'Abdullahb.'Amr(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reported:The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtome:Ihavebeeninformedthat youstandforprayerthewholeofnightandfastduringtheday.Isaid:Idothat, whereuponhesaid:Ifyoudidthatyouinfactstrainedheavilyyoureyesandmade yourselfweak.Thereisarightofyoureyes(uponyou)andarightofyourself(upon you)andarightofyourfamily(uponyou).Standforprayerandsleep.observefasts andbreak(them). Book6,Number2595: 'Abdullahb.'Amr(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:WithAllahthebestfastingisthatof DavidandthebestprayeristhatofDavid(peacebeuponhim)forheslepthalfofthe nightandstoodforprayerforthethirdofitand(then)sleptthesixthpartofitand heobservedfastonedayandbrokeontheother. Book6,Number2596: 'Abdullahb.'Amrb.al-'AsreportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeupon him)assaying:ThebestfastingintheeyeofAllahisthatofDavid,forhefastedfor halfoftheage(hefastedonalternatedays),andthebestprayerintheeyeofAllah, theExaltedandMajestic,isthatofDavid(peacebeuponhim),forhesleptforhalf ofthenightandthenstoodforprayerandthenagainslept.Heprayedforone-third ofthenightaftermidnight.He(thenarrator)said:Iasked'Amrb.Dinarwhether 'Amrb.Aussaidthathestoodforprayerone-thirdofthenightaftermidnight.He said:Yes. Book6,Number2597: AbuQatadareportedthatAbualMalihinformedme:Iwentalongwith yourfatherto'Abdullahb.Amr,andhenarratedtousthattheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)wasinformedaboutmyfastingandhecametome, andIplacedaleathercushionfilledwithfibreofdate-palmsforhim.Hesatdown uponthegroundandtherewasthatcushionbetweenmeandhim,andhesaidtome: Doesthreedays'fastinginamonthnotsufficeyou?Isaid:MessengerofAllah,(Iam capableofobservingmorefasts).Hesaid:(Would)five(notsufficeforyou)?Isaid: MessengerofAllah,(Iamcapableofobservingmorefasts)Hesaid:(Would)seven (fasts)notsufficeyou?Isaid:MessengerofAllah,(Iamcapableofobservingmore fasts).He(theHolyProphet)thensaid:(Would)nine(fastsnotsufficeyou)?Isaid: MessengerofAllah,(Iamcapableofobservingmorefasts).Hesaid:(Would)eleven (fastsnotsufficeyou)?Isaid:MessengerofAllah,(Iamcapableofobservingmore faststhanthese).ThereupontheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)said:There isnofasting(betterthan)thefastingofDavidwhichcompriseshalfoftheage,fasting adayandnotfastingaday. Book6,Number2598: 'Abdullahb.Amr(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)hadsaidtohim:Observefastforadayand therewouldberewardforyoufortherest(ofthedays).Hesaid:Iamcapableof doingmorethanthis.Hethensaid:Observefastfortwodays,andtherewouldbe rewardforyoufortherest(ofthedays).Hesaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethan this.He(theHolyProphet)said:Observefastforthreedaysandtherewouldbe rewardforyoufortherestofthedays.Hesaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis, whereuponhesaid:Observefastforfourdaysandtherewouldberewardforyoufor therestofthedays.Hesaid:Iamcapableofdoingmorethanthis.Thereuponhe said:Thenobservefast(whichisthe)bestintheeyeofAllah,thefastofDavid(peace beuponhim);heusedtoobservefastonedayandbreakontheotherday. Book6,Number2599: 'Abdullahb.'Amr(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtome!'Abdullahb.'Amr,ithasbeen conveyedtomethatyouobservefastduringthedayandstandinprayerduringthe wholenight.Don'tdothat,foryourbodyhasashareofitsowninyou,youreyehas ashareofitsowninyou,yourwifehasashareofherowninyou.Observefastand breakittoo.Fastforthreedaysineverymonthandthatisaprepetualfasting.Isaid! MessengerofAllah,Ihavegotstrengthenough(todomorethanthis),whereuponhe said:ThenobservethefastofDavid(peacebeuponhim).Observefastonedayand breakit(ontheother)day.Andhe('Abdullahb.'Amr)usedtosay:WouldthatI hadavailedmyselfofthisconcession. Chapter33:EXCELLENCEOFOBSERVINGFASTFORTHREEDAYSDURING EVERYMONTH.ANDFASTINGONTHEDAYOF'ARAFA AND'ASHURAANDMONDAYANDTHURSDAY Book6,Number2600: Mu'adhaal-'Adawiyyareportedthatsheasked'A'isha,thewifeofthe ApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim),whethertheMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)observedfastsforthreedaysduringeverymonth.Shesaid:YesIsaid toher:Whichwere(theparticular)daysofthemonthonwhichheobservedfast? Shesaid:Hewasnotparticularaboutthedaysofthemonthonwhichtoobservefast. Book6,Number2601: 'Imranb.Husain(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthattheApostle ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtohim(orhesaidtoanotherpersonandhewas listeningtoit):O,soandso,didyouobservefastinthemiddleofthemonth?He said:No.Thereuponhe(theMessengerofAllah)said:Whenyoubreakit,then observefastfortwodays. Book6,Number2602: AbuQatadareportedthatapersoncametotheApostleofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)andsaid:Howdoyouobservefast?TheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)feltannoyed.1560When'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithhim)noticed hisannoyance,hesaid:WearewellpleasedwithAllahasourLord,withIslamasour CodeofLife,andwithMuhammadasourProphet.WeseekrefugewithAllahfrom theangerofAllahandthatofHisMessenger.'Umarkeptonrepeatingthesewords tillhis(theProphet's)angercalmeddown.ThenUmarsaid:MessengerofAllah. whatisthepositionofonewhoperpetuallyobservesfasts?Thereuponhesaid:He neitherfastednorbrokeit,orhesaid:Hedidnotfastandhedidnotbreakit. Hesaid:Whatabouthimwhoobservesfastfortwodaysandbreaksoneday.There- uponhesaid:Isanyonecapableofdoingit?He('Umar)said:Whatistheposition ofhimwhoobservesfastforadayandbreaksontheotherday?Thereuponhe(the HolyProphet)said:ThatisthefastofDavid(peacebeuponhim).He('Umar)said: Whatabouthimwhoobservesfastonedayandbreaksitfortwodays.Thereuponhe (theMessengerofAllah)said:Iwish,Iweregivenstrengthtoobservethat. Thereafterhesaid:Theobservanceofthreedays'fasteveryMonthandthatof Ramadaneveryyearisaperpetualfasting.IseekfromAllahthatfastingonthedayof 'Arafamayatoneforthesinsoftheprecedingandthecomingyears.andIseekfromAllah thatfastingonthedayofAshuramayatoneforthesinsoftheprecedingyear. Book6,Number2603: AbuQatadaal-Ansari(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)wasaskedabouthisfasting.The MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)feltannoyed.Thereupon'Umar(Allah bepleasedwithhim)said:WearepleasedwithAllahastheLord,withIslamasour CodeofLife,withMuhammadastheMessengerandwithourpledge(toyouforwilling andcheerfulsubmission)asa(sacred)commitment.Hewasthenaskedaboutperpetual fasting,whereuponhesaid:Heneitherfastednordidhebreakit,orhedidnotfastandhe didnotbreakit.Hewasthenaskedaboutfastingfortwodaysandbreakingoneday. He(theHolyProphet)said:Andwhohasstrengthenoughtodoit?Hewasasked aboutfastingforadayandbreakingfortwodays,whereuponhesaid:MayAllah bestowuponusstrengthtodoit.Hewasthenaskedaboutfastingforadayand breakingontheother,whereuponhesaid:ThatisthefastingofmybrotherDavid (peacebeuponhim).HewasthenaskedaboutfastingonMonday,whereuponhesaid: ItwasthedayonwhichIwasborn.onwhichIwascommissionedwithprophethood orrevelationwassenttome,(andhefurther)said:Threedays'fastingeverymonth andofthewholeofRamadaneveryyearisaperpetualfast.Hewasaskedabout fastingonthedayof'Arafa(9thofDhu'I-Hijja),whereuponhesaid:Itexpiatesthesins oftheprecedingyearandthecomingyear.Hewasaskedaboutfastingonthedayof 'Ashura(10thofMuharram),whereuponbesaid:Itexpiatesthesinsofthepreceding year.(ImamMuslimsaidthatinthishadiththereisa)narrationofImamShu'ba thathewasaskedaboutfastingonMondayandThursday,butwe(ImamMuslim)did notmentionThursdayforwefounditasanerror(inreporting). Book6,Number2604: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbyShu'bawiththesamechainoftransmitters. Book6,Number2605: ThishadithhasbeennarratedbyGhailanb.Jarirwiththesamechainof transmitters,butwithonevariation,thattherehasbeenmadementionofMonday andnotofThursday. Book6,Number2606: AbuQatadaAnsari(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatAllah's Massenger(maypeacebeuponhim)wasaskedaboutfastingonMonday,whereuponhe said:Itis(theday)whenIwasbornandrevelationwassentdowntome. Chapter34:FASTINGINTHEMONTHOFSHA'BAN Book6,Number2607: 'Imranb.Husain(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeaceheuponhim)havingsaidtohimortosomeoneelse:Didyoufastinthe middleofSha'ban?Hesaid:No.Thereuponhe(theHolyProphet)said:Ifyoudid notobservefast,thenyoushouldobservefastfortwodays. Book6,Number2608: Imranb.Husain(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthatAllah's Apostle(waypeaceheuponhim)said.toaperson:Didyouobserveanyfastinthe middleofthismonth(Sha'ban)?Hesaid:No.ThereupontheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)said:Fastfortwodaysinsteadof(onefast)whenyouhave completed(fastsof)Ramadan. Book6,Number2609: 'Imranb.Husain(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthattheApostle ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)saidtoaperson:Didyouobservefastinthe middleofthismonth.i.e.Sha'ban?Hesaid:No.Thereuponhesaidtohim:Whenit istheendofRamadan,thenobservefastforonedayortwo(Shu'bahadsomedoubt aboutit)buthesaid:Ithinkthathehassaid:twodays. Book6,Number2610: Thishadithisnarratedby'Abdullahb.Hanib.AkhiMutarrifwiththe samechainoftransmitters. Chapter35:EXCELLENCEOFTHEFASTOFMUHARRAM Book6,Number2611: AbuHaraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:ThemostexcellentfastafterRamadanisGod's month.al-Muharram,andthemostexcellentprayerafterwhatisprescribedis prayerduringthenight. Book6,Number2612: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthathe(theMessenger ofAllah)wasaskedastowhichprayerwasmostexcellentaftertheprescribedprayer, andwhichfastwasmostexcellentafterthemonthofRamadan.Hesaid:Prayer offeredinthemiddleofthenightandthemostexcellentfastafter(fasting)inthe monthofRamadanisthefastinGod'smonthal-Muharram. Book6,Number2613: AhadithlikethishasbeenreportedfromtheApostleofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)by'Abdal-Malikwiththesamechainoftransmittersinconnectionwith fast. Chapter36:EXCELLENCEOFOBSERVINGFASTFORSIXDAYSINTHE MONTHOFSHAWWALAFTERRAMADAN Book6,Number2614: AbuAyyubal-Ansari(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:HewhoobservedthefastofRamadanand thenfolloweditwithsix(fasts)ofShawwal.itwouldbeasifhefastedperpetually. Book6,Number2615: AbuAyyubal-Ansarireported(throughanotherchainoftransmitters): IheardAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)sayinglikethis. Book6,Number2616: AbuAyyubreportedahadithlikethis(throughanotherchainoftransmitters). Chapter37:EXCELLENCEOFLAILAT-UL-QADRANDEXHORTATIONTOFINDIT Book6,Number2617: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedthatsomepersonsamong theCompanionsoftheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)wereshownLailat- ul-Qadrwhilesleepinginthelastweek(ofRamadan).ThereuponAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)said:Iseethatyourdreamsagreeregardingthelastweek; sohewhowantstoseekitshouldseekitinthelastweek(duringthenight). Book6,Number2618: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedAllah'sApostle(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:SeekLailat-ul-Qadrinthelastweek(ofRamadan). Book6,Number2619: SalimreportedontheauthorityofhisfatherthatapersonsawLailat-ul- Qadronthe27th(ofRamadan).ThereuponAllah'sApostle(maypeacebeuponhim) said:Iseethatyourdreamsagreeregardingthelastten(nightsofRamadan). Soseekitonanoddnumber(ofthesetennights). Book6,Number2620: Salimb.'Abdullahb.'Umarreportedthathisfathersaid:IheardAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:SofarasLailat-ul-Qadrisconcerned. somepersonsamongyouhaveseenit(inadream)inthefirstweekandsomepersons amongyouhavebeenshownthatitisinthelastweek;soseekitinthelastten (nights). Book6,Number2621: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Seekit(Lailat-ul-Qadr)inthelast(tennights).Ifone amongyoushowsslacknessandweakness(intheearlierpartofRamadan),itshould notbeallowedtoprevailuponhiminthelastweek. Book6,Number2622: IbnUmar(Allahbepleasedwiththem)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:Hewhoisanxioustoseekit(Lailat-ul-Qadr)should seekitinthelastten(nightsofRamadan). Book6,Number2623: 'Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedAllah'sMessenger (maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:SeekthetimeofLailat-ul-Qadrinthelast(ten nights),orhesaid:inthelastnine(nights). Book6,Number2624: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)assaying:IwasshownLailat-ul-Qadr;thensomemembersofmy familyawokemeup,thenIwascausedtoforgetit.Soseekitinthelastweek. Harmalasaid:(TheHolyProphetdidnotsay:"Iwasmadetoforget,"buthestated): "ButIforgotit." Book6,Number2625: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthatAllah's Messenger(maypeacebeuponhim)spentindevotion(ini'tikaf)themiddletennights ofthemonthofRamadan,andwhentwentynightswereoveranditwasthetwenty-first night,hewentbacktohisresidenceandthosewhowerealongwithhimalso returned(totheirrespectiveresidences).Hespentonemonthindevotion.Thenhe addressedthepeopleonthenighthecameback(tohisresidence)andcommanded themasAllahdesired(himtocommand)andthensaid:Iusedtodevotemyself (observei'tikaf)duringtheseten(nights).ThenIstarteddevotingmyselfinthelast ten(nights).Andhewhodesirestoobservei'tikafalongwithmeshouldspendthe night)athisplaceofi'tikaf.AndIsawthisnight(Lailat-ul-Qadr)butIforgotit(the exactnight);soseekit;Inthelasttennightsonoddnumbers.Isaw(theglimpsesof thatdream)thatIwasprostratinginwaterandmud.AbuSa'idal-Khudrisaid:It rainedonthetwenty-firstnightandthewaterdripped(fromtheroof)ofthemosque attheplacewheretheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observedprayer. Ilookedathimandashecompletedthedawnprayer,(Ifound)hisfacewaswetwith mudandwater. Book6,Number2626: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)devoted(himselftoprayer)inthemiddle (tennights)ofRamadan.Therestofthehadithisthesameexceptforthesewords: "Thatheadheredtohisplaceofi'tikafandhisforeheadwasbesmearedwithmud andwater." Book6,Number2627: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reportedthattheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observedi'tikaf(confinedhimselffordevotion andprayer)inthefirstten(days)ofRamadan;hethenobservedi'tikafinthemiddle ten(days)inaTurkishtentwithamathangingatitsdoor.He(theHolyProphet) tookholdofthatmatandplaceditinthenookofthetent.Hethenputhisheadout andtalkedwithpeopleandtheycamenearhim,andhe(theHolyProphet)said:I observedi'tikafinthefirstten(nightsanddays)inordertoseekthatnight (Lailat-ul-Qadr).Ithenobservedi'tikafinthemiddletendays.Then(anangel) wassenttome andIwastoldthatthis(night)isamongthelastten(nights).Hewhoamongyou likestoobservei'tikafshoulddoso;andthepeopleobserveditalongwithhim,and he(theHolyProphet)said:That(Lailat-ul-Qadr)wasshowntomeonanodd(night) andI(sawinthedream)thatIwasprostratinginthemorninginclayandwater.So inthemorningofthetwenty-firstnightwhenhe(theHolyProphet)gotupfordawn (prayer).therewasarainfallandthemosquedripped,andIsawclayandwater.When hecameoutaftercompletingthemorningprayer(Isaw)thathisforeheadandthetip ofhisnosehad(traces)ofclayandwater,andthatwasthetwenty-firstnightamong thelastten(nights). Book6,Number2628: AbuSalamareported:'WediscussedamongstourselvesLailat-ul-Qadr.I cametoAbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)whowasafriendofmine andsaidtohim:Wouldyounotgowithustothegardenofdatetrees?Hewentout withacloakoverhim.Isaidtohim:DidyouheartheMessengerofAllah(maypeace beuponhim)makingmentionofLailat-ul-Qadr?Hesaid:Yes,(andadded)wewere observingi'tikafwiththeMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)inthemiddle tendaysofRamadan,andcameoutonthemorningofthetwentiethandtheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)addressedusandsaid:Iwasshown Lailat-ul-Qadr,butIforgot(theexactnight)orIwascausedtoforgetit, soseekitinthelast tenodd(nights),andIwasshownthatIwasprostratinginwaterandclay.Sohewho wantedtoobservei'tikafwiththeMessengerofAllah(inaypeacebeuponhim)should return(totheplaceofi'tikaf).He(AbuSa'idal-Khudri)said:Andwereturnedand didnotfindanypatchofcloudinthesky.Thenthecloudgatheredandtherewas(so heavy)adownpourthattheroofofthemosquewhichwasmadeofthebranchesof date-palmsbegantodrip.ThentherewasprayerandIsawtheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)prostratinginwaterandclaytillIsawthetracesofclayon hisforehead. Book6,Number2629: ThisbadithhasbeenreportedontheauthorityofYahyab.AbuKathir withthesamechainoftransmitters(withaslightvariationofthesewords):Isaw theMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)afterhehadcompleted(theprayer) andtherewasatraceofclayonhisforeheadandtip(ofthenose). Book6,Number2630: AbuSa'idal-Khudri(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:TheMessenger ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)observedi'tikafinthemiddletendaysofRamadan toseekLailat-ul-Qadrbeforeitwasmademanifesttohim.When(thesenights)were over,hecommandedtostrikethetent.Thenitwasmademanifesttohimthat (Lailat-ul-Qadr)wasinthelasttennights(ofRamadan),andcommandedtopitchthetent (again).Hethencametothepeopleandsaid:Opeople,Lailat-ul-Qadrwasmade manifesttomeandIcameouttoinformyouaboutitthattwopersonscamecontend- ingwitheachotherandtherewasadevilalongwiththemandIforgotit.Soseekit inthelasttennightsofRamadan.Seekitontheninth,ontheseventhandonthe fifth.I(oneofthenarrators)said:AbuSa'id,youknowmorethanusaboutnumbers. Hesaid:Yes,indeedwehavebetterrightthanyou.Isaid:Whatisthisninth, seventh,andfifth?Hesaid:Whentwenty-one(nightsareover)andthetwenty-second begins,itistheninth,andwhentwenty-three(nights)areover,thatwhichfollows (thelastnight)istheseventh,andwhentwenty-fivenightsareover,whatfollowsit isfifth.IbnKhalladsaid:InsteadofthewordYahliqan(contending),hesaid Yakhtasiman,(theyaredisputing). Book6,Number2631: 'Abdullahb.UnaisreportedAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)as saying:IwasshownLailat-ul-Qadr;thenIwasmadetoforgetit,andsawthatIwas prostratinginwaterandclayinthemorningofthat(night).He(thenarrator)said: Therewasadownpouronthetwenty-thirdnightandtheMessengerofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)ledusinprayer,andashewentback,therewasatraceofwater andclayonhisforeheadandonhisnose.He(thenarrator)said:'Abdullahb.Unais usedtosaythatitwasthetwenty-third(night). Book6,Number2632: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)andIbnNumairreportedAllah'sMes- senger(maypeacebeuponhim)assaying:Lookfor(andinthewordsofWaki,seek) Lailat-ul-QadrinthelasttennightsofRamadan. Book6,Number2633: Zirrb.Habaishreported:IthuaskedUbayyb.Ka'b(Allahbepleased withhim):Yourbrother(infaith)IbnMas'udsays:Hewhostands(forthenightprayer) throughouttheyearwouldfindLailat-ul-Qadr,whereuponhesaid:MayAllahhave mercyuponhim;(hesaidthesewords)withtheintentionthatpeoplemightnotrely only(ononenight),whereasheknewthatit(Lailat-ul-Qadr)isinthemonthof Ramadananditisthetwenty-seventhnight.Hethentookoath(withoutmakingany exception,i.e.withoutsayingInnshaAllah)thatitwasthetwenty-seventhnight.I saidtohim:AbuMundhir,onwhatgrounddoyousaythat?Thereuponhesaid:By theindicationorbythesignwhichtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) gaveus,andthatisthatonthatday(thesun)wouldrisewithouthavinganyrayinit. Book6,Number2634: Zirrb.HubaishreportedthatUbayyb.Ka'b(Allahbepleasedwithhim) saidaboutLailat-ul-Qadr:ByAllah,Iknowwellaboutit.Shu'basaid:Tothebestof myknowledgeitwasthetwenty-seventhnightforwhichtheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)commandedustostandforprayer.Shu'badoubtedthese words:ThatitwasthenightforwhichtheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim) commandedustostandforprayer.And(hefurther)said:Thiswasnarratedtomeby afriendofminefromhim(theHolyProphet). Book6,Number2635: AbuHuraira(Allahbepleasedwithhim)reported:Weweretalkingabout Lailat-ul-QadrinthepresenceoftheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)and hesaid:Hewhoamongstyouremembers(thenight)whenthemoonaroseanditwas likeapieceofplate(atthefagendofthemonthinastateofwaning). Chapter38:OBSERVINGOFI'TIKAFINTHELASTTENDAYSOFRAMADAN Book6,Number2636: Ibn'Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthattheApostle ofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservei'tikafinthelasttendaysof Ramadan. Book6,Number2637: Abdullahb.Umar(Allahbepleasedwithbothofthem)reportedthatthe MessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservei'tikafinthelastten daysofRamadan.Nafi'said:Abdullah(Allahbepleasedwithhim)showedmethe placeinthemosquewheretheMessengerofAllah(maypeacebeuponhim)usedto observei'tikaf. Book6,Number2638: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeacebeuponhim)usedtoobservei'tikafinthelasttendaysofRamadan. Book6,Number2639: Thishadithhasbeennarratedby'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher) throughanotherchainoftransmitters. Book6,Number2640: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthattheMessengerofAllah (maypeaceheuponhim)usedtoobservei'tikifinthelasttendaysofRamadantill Allahcalledhimback(tohisheavenlyhome).Thenhiswivesobservedi'tikafafter him. Chapter39:WHENSHOULDAPERSONENTERTHEPLACEOFI'TIKAF ASHEINTENDSTOOBSERVEIT Book6,Number2641: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatwhentheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)decidedtoobservei'tikaf,heprayedinthemorning andthenwenttotheplaceofhisi'tikaf,andhecommandedthatatentshouldbe pitchedforhim,anditwaspitched.He(once)decidedtoobservei'tikafinthelast tendaysofRamadan.Zainab(thewifeoftheHolyProphet)commandedthatatent shouldbepitchedforher.Itwaspitchedaccordingly.AndsomeotherwivesofAllah's Apostle(maypeacebeuponhim)commandedthattentsshouldbepitchedforthem too.Andtheywerepitched.WhentheMessengerofAllah(maypeaceheuponhim) offeredthemorningprayer,helookedandfound(somany)tents.Thereuponhesaid: Whatisthisvirtuethatthese(ladies)havedecidedtoacquire?Hecommandedhis tenttobestruckandabandonedi'tikafinthemonthofRamadanandpostponeditto thefirsttendaysofShawwal. Book6,Number2642: Thishadithhasbeenreportedthroughanotherchainoftransmitters,and thereitismentionedthat.'A'isha,HafsaandZainab(Allahbepleasedwiththem) pitchedthetentsfori'tikaf. Chapter40:ONESHOULDEXERTMORE(INDEVOTIONANDPRAYER) INTHELASTTENDAYSOFRAMADAN Book6,Number2643: 'A'Isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatwhenthelasttennights beganAllah'sMessenger(maypeacebeuponhim)keptawakeatnight(forprayerand devotion),wakenedhisfamily,andpreparedhimselftoobserveprayer(withmore vigour). Book6,Number2644: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reportedthatAllah'sMessenger(may peacebeuponhim)usedtoexerthimselfindevotionduringthelasttennightstoa greaterextentthanatanyothertime. Chapter41:FASTINGONTHE10THOFDHU'L-HIJJA Book6,Number2645: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported:IneversawtheMessengerof Allah(maypeacebeuponhim)fastinginthetendaysofDhu'I-Hijja. Book6,Number2646: 'A'isha(Allahbepleasedwithher)reported:TheApostleofAllah(may peacebeuponhim)didnotobservefastinthetendaysofDhul-Hijja.