Fermentation: Anaerobic Respiration - BYJU'S

Fermentation Definition. “Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which energy can be released from glucose even if oxygen is not available.” What is ... BiologyBiologyArticleFermentationAnaerobicRespiration Fermentation:AnaerobicRespiration FermentationDefinition “Fermentationisananaerobicprocessinwhichenergycanbereleasedfromglucoseevenifoxygenisnotavailable.” WhatisFermentation? Fermentationoccursinyeastcellsandbacteriaandalsointhemusclesofanimals.Itisananaerobicpathwayinwhichglucoseisbrokendown. Therespirationthathappensattheminutelevelinourbody,viz.,inthecelliscalledthecellularrespiration.Itoccursinthepresenceorabsenceofoxygen.Anytypeofcellularrespirationbeginswithglycolysiswherea3-Cmolecule,pyruvicacidisformedastheendproduct. Differentcellshandlethispyruvateintwomajorways,fermentationisoneofthem.Letushaveadetailedlookatthefermentation,itstypesandanaerobicrespiration. TypesofFermentation Therearethreedifferenttypesoffermentation: LacticAcidFermentation Inthis,starchorsugarisconvertedintolacticacidbyyeaststrainsandbacteria.Duringexercise,energyexpenditureisfasterthantheoxygensuppliedtothemusclecells.Thisresultsintheformationoflacticacidandpainfulmuscles. AlcoholFermentation Pyruvate,theendproductofglycolysisisbrokendownintoalcoholandcarbondioxide.Wineandbeerareproducedbyalcoholicfermentation. AceticAcidFermentation Starchandsugarpresentingrainsandfruitsfermentintovinegarandcondiments.E.g.applecidervinegar. Fermentation–AnaerobicRespiration Anaerobicrespirationisatypeofcellularrespirationwhererespirationtakesplaceintheabsenceofoxygen.Fermentationisananaerobicpathway-acommonpathwayinthemajorityofprokaryotesandunicellulareukaryotes.Inthisprocess,glucoseispartiallyoxidisedtoformacidsandalcohol. Inorganismslikeyeast,thepyruvicacidformedbypartialoxidationofglucoseisconvertedtoethanolandcarbondioxide(CO2).Thisanaerobicconditioniscalledalcoholicorethanolfermentation.Thewholereactioniscatalyzedbytheenzymes,pyruvicaciddecarboxylaseandalcoholdehydrogenase.Incertainbacteriaandanimalmusclecells,underanaerobicconditions,thepyruvicacidisreducedtolacticacidbylactatedehydrogenase.Thisiscalledlacticacidfermentation.Theendproductsoftheseanaerobicpathwaysmakethemhazardousprocesses.Forexample,aconcentrationofalcoholabove13percentproducedbyyeastcellscould killthemselves. Inthealcoholicandlacticacidfermentation,NADH+H+isthereducingagentwhichisoxidizedtoNAD+.TheenergyreleasedinboththeprocessesisnotmuchandthetotalsumofATPmoleculesproducedduringfermentationistwo,whichisverylessascomparedtoaerobicrespiration.However,thisiscommerciallyemployedinthefoodandbeverageindustries,andpharmaceuticalindustries. Toknowmoreaboutwhatisfermentation,fermentationdefinition,typesoffermentationandanaerobicrespirationkeepvisitingBYJU’Swebsite.  RelatedLinks Respiration Glycolysis Bacteria TestyourKnowledgeonFermentation! Q5 PutyourunderstandingofthisconcepttotestbyansweringafewMCQs.Click‘StartQuiz’tobegin! Selectthecorrectanswerandclickonthe“Finish”buttonCheckyourscoreandanswersattheendofthequiz StartQuiz Congrats! VisitBYJU’SforallBiologyrelatedqueriesandstudymaterials Yourresultisasbelow 0outof0arewrong 0outof0arecorrect 0outof0areUnattempted ViewQuizAnswersandAnalysis BIOLOGYRelatedLinks HibiscusFlowerParts WhatIsGermination HeartDiagram HumanAnatomyAndPhysiology AngiospermsMeaning WhatIsAPredator EcosystemExamples LeafStructure DentalFormulaOfHuman ApoptosisMeaning LeaveaCommentCancelreply YourMobilenumberandEmailidwillnotbepublished.Requiredfieldsaremarked* * SendOTP DidnotreceiveOTP? 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