Comb - Wikipedia

A comb is a tool consisting of a shaft that holds a row of teeth for pulling through the hair to clean, untangle, or style it. Combs have been used since ... Comb FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Tootheddeviceusedforstyling,cleaningandmanaginghairandscalp Forotheruses,seeComb(disambiguation). Atypicalplasticcomb Acombisatoolconsistingofashaftthatholdsarowofteethforpullingthroughthehairtoclean,untangle,orstyleit.Combshavebeenusedsinceprehistorictimes,havingbeendiscoveredinveryrefinedformsfromsettlementsdatingbackto5,000yearsagoinPersia.[1] WeavingcombsmadeofwhaleboneanddatingtothemiddleandlateIronAgehavebeenfoundonarchaeologicaldigsinOrkneyandSomerset.[2] Contents 1Description 2Usesandtypes 2.1Afropick 2.2Nitcomb 2.3Hygiene 2.4Unbreakableplasticcomb 2.5Modernartisancombs 2.6Makingmusic 3Gallery 4Seealso 5References 6Externallinks Description[edit] LocalartisancuttingandfilinganimalhorntomakecombsinAlappuzha,Kerala Combsconsistofashaftandteeththatareplacedataperpendicularangletotheshaft.Combscanbemadeoutofanumberofmaterials,mostcommonlyplastic,metal,orwood.Inantiquity,hornandwhalebonewassometimesused.Combsmadefromivory[3]andtortoiseshell[4]wereoncecommonbutconcernsfortheanimalsthatproducethemhavereducedtheirusage.Woodencombsarelargelymadeofboxwood,cherrywood,orotherfine-grainedwood.Goodqualitywoodencombsareusuallyhandmadeandpolished.[5] Combscomeinvariousshapesandsizesdependingonwhattheyareusedfor.Ahairdressingcombmayhaveathin,taperedhandleforpartinghairandcloseteeth.Commonhaircombsusuallyhavewiderteethhalfwayandfinerteethfortherestofthecomb.[6]HotcombswereusedsolelyforstraighteninghairduringthecolonialerainNorthAmerica.[7] Ahairbrushcomesinbothmanualandelectricmodels.[8]Itislargerthanacomb,andisalsocommonlyusedforshaping,styling,andcleaninghair.[9]Acombinationcombandhairbrushwaspatentedinthe19thcentury.[10] Usesandtypes[edit] DanteGabrielRossetti–WomanCombingHerHair(1865) Combscanbeusedformanypurposes.Historically,theirmainpurposewassecuringlonghairinplace,decoratingthehair,mattingsectionsofhairfordreadlocks,orkeepingakippahorskullcapinplace.InSpain,apeinetaisalargedecorativecombusedtokeepamantillainplace.[5] Inindustryandcraft,combsareusedinseparatingcottonfibresfromseedsandotherdebris(thecottongin,amechanizedversionofthecomb,isoneofthemachinesthatusheredintheIndustrialRevolution).Acombisusedtodistributecolorsinpapermarblingtomaketheswirlingcolourpatternsincomb-marbledpaper.[11] Combsarealsoatoolusedbypoliceinvestigatorstocollecthairanddandruffsamplesthatcanbeusedinascertainingdeadorlivingpersons'identities,aswellastheirstateofhealth,toxicologicalprofiles,andsoforth.[12] Afropick[edit] Afropicks Thistypeofcombhasloose,thickteethandisusuallyusedonkinkyorAfro-texturedhair.Itislongerandthinnerthanthetypicalcomb,anditissometimesworninthehair.[13][14] Nitcomb[edit] nitcomb,madeofbenttwigs,Sutz-Lattrigen,around2700BC Specializedcombssuchas"fleacombs"or"nitcombs"canbeusedtoremovemacroscopicparasitesandcausethemdamagebycombing.[15]Acombwithteethfineenoughtoremovenitsissometimescalleda"fine-toothedcomb",asinthemetaphoricusage"goover[something]withafine-toothedcomb",meaningtosearchcloselyandindetail.Sometimesinthismeaning,"fine-toothedcomb"hasbeenreanalysedas"finetoothcomb"andthenshortenedto"toothcomb",orchangedintoformssuchas"thefinestoftoothcombs".[16][17] Hygiene[edit] Sharingcombsisacommoncauseofparasiticinfectionsmuchlikesharingahat,asoneusercanleaveacombwitheggsorliveparasites,facilitatingthetransmissionoflice,fleas,mites,fungi,andotherundesirables.Siblingsarealsomorelikelytopassonnitstoeachotheriftheyshareacomb.[18] Unbreakableplasticcomb[edit] Anunbreakableplasticcombisacombthat,despitebeingmadeofplasticratherthan(moreexpensive)metal,doesnotshatterintomultiplepiecesifdroppedonahardsurfacesuchasbathroomtiles,ahardwoodfloor,orpavement.[19]Suchcombswereintroducedinthemid-twentiethcentury.[20]Todaymostplasticcombsareunbreakableastechnologyhasreachedapointofunderstandingthecausationofbrittlenessintheseproducts.[21] Modernartisancombs[edit] Modernartisanmetalcombscraftedfrombrass,stainlesssteel,titaniumandsterlingsilver. Modernartisancombscraftedfromawidevarietyofnewandrecycledmaterialshavebecomepopularoverrecentyears.Usedskateboarddecks,vinylrecords,[22]brass,titaniumalloy,acrylic,sterlingsilver,andexoticwoodareafewofthematerialsbeingused. Makingmusic[edit] Mainarticle:Combandpaper Stringingaplant'sleaforapieceofpaperoveronesideofthecombandhummingwithcroppedlipsontheoppositesidedramaticallyincreasesthehigh-frequencyharmoniccontentofthehumproducedbythehumanvoicebox,andtheresultingspreadsoundspectrumcanbemodulatedbychangingtheresonatingfrequencyoftheoralcavity.[23]Thiswastheinspirationforthekazoo,amembranophone. Thecombisalsoalamellophone.Combteethhaveharmonicqualitiesoftheirown,determinedbytheirshape,length,andmaterial.Acombwithteethofunequallength,capableofproducingdifferentnoteswhenpicked,eventuallyevolvedintothethumbpiano[24]andmusicbox.[25] Gallery[edit] AncientEgyptiancomb,c.fifteenthcenturyBC Etruscancomb,c.seventhcenturyBC Scythiancomb,c.400BC AncientRomancomb Theworld'soldestrunicinscription(160AD)ontheVimosecomb,Denmark Aliturgicalcomb,possiblymadeinItaly,fifteenthcentury Asetofcombsfoundonthe16th-centuryshipMaryRose Ivorysculpturedcombofthesixteenthcentury Indianmetalcombforkeepinghairinplace,adornedwithapairofbirds.Afterremovingthecentralstopper,perfumecanbepouredintotheopeninginordertomoistentheteethofthecombandthehairofthewearer. APunjabiwoodencomb Headlousecomb Artisanhand-finishedmetalcomb BamboocomboftheKanakpeople Seealso[edit] Hairbrush Liturgicalcomb Razor Shubi-Chinesecombs Uncombablehairsyndrome References[edit] ^Vaux,WilliamSandysWright(1850).NinevehandPersepolis:AnHistoricalSketchofAncientAssyriaandPersia,withanAccountoftheRecentResearchesinThoseCountries.A.Hall,Virtue,&Company. ^HelenChittock,“ArtsandcraftsinIronAgeBritain:reconsideringtheaestheticeffectsofweavingcombs,”OxfordJournalofArchaeology,33(3)August2014,pp.315-6. ^Sandell,HanneTuborg;Sandell,Birger(1991).ArchaeologyandEnvironmentintheScoresbySundFjord.MuseumTusculanumPress.ISBN 9788763512084. ^White,CarolynL.(2005).AmericanArtifactsofPersonalAdornment,1680–1820:AGuidetoIdentificationandInterpretation.RowmanAltamira.ISBN 9780759105898. ^abSherrow,Victoria(2006).EncyclopediaofHair:ACulturalHistory.GreenwoodPublishingGroup.ISBN 9780313331459.Retrieved2016-03-07. ^Laing,LloydRobert(2006).TheArchaeologyofCelticBritainandIreland:C.AD400–1200.CambridgeUniversityPress.ISBN 9780521838627. ^Hodder,Ian(1997).InterpretingArchaeology:FindingMeaninginthePast.PsychologyPress.ISBN 9780415157445. ^Corporation,Bonnier(1937).PopularScience.BonnierCorporation.p. 39. ^Cooley,ArnoldJames(1866).TheToiletandCosmeticArtsinAncientandModernTimes.R.Hardwicke.Retrieved2016-03-07. ^TheCanadianPatentOfficeRecordandRegisterofCopyrightsandTradeMarks.PatentOffice.1895.p. 437. ^Wolfe,RichardJ.(1990).MarbledPaper:ItsHistory,Techniques,andPatterns :withSpecialReferencetotheRelationshipofMarblingtoBookbindinginEuropeandtheWesternWorld.UniversityofPennsylvaniaPress.ISBN 9780812281880. ^O'Sullivan,FrankDalton;Wright,WalterEdward(1940).PracticalInstructioninPoliceWorkandDetectiveScience:ACourseofInstruction...ContainingLecture-lessonsforLawEnforcementOfficersandOthers.AmericanPoliceReviewPublishingCompany. ^Moore,JenniferGrayer(2015).FashionFadsThroughAmericanHistory:FittingClothesintoContext.ABC-CLIO.ISBN 9781610699020. ^Company,JohnsonPublishing(1972).Jet.JohnsonPublishingCompany. ^Copeland,Lennie(2001).TheLice-BusterBook:WhattoDoWhenYourChildComesHomewithHeadLice.GrandCentralPublishing.ISBN 9780759526297. ^"finetoothcomb/fine-toothcomb".WSU.edu.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2010-05-28.Retrieved2012-01-19. ^Morewitz,H.(2008)."ABriefHistoryofLiceCombs".Nuvoforheadlice.com.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2008-05-10.Retrieved2008-06-29. ^Sinha,Meenakshi;Rajgopal,Reena;Banerjee,Suchismita(2012).AllYouWantedToKnowAboutHairCare.SterlingPublishersPvt.Ltd.ISBN 9788120791022. ^Adams,GlennArthur(2000).ALikelyStory.iUniverse.ISBN 9780595004294.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-12-23.Retrieved2016-03-07. ^Division,GreatBritainCentralOfficeofInformationReference(1951).HomeAffairsSurvey. ^International,A.S.M.;Lampman,Steve(2003).CharacterizationandFailureAnalysisofPlastics.ASMInternational.ISBN 9781615030736. ^"Tameyourhipsterbeardwithacombmadefromwhat?".Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-04-14.Retrieved2016-10-18. ^Green,Douglas(2001).TheEverythingLawnCareBook:FromSeedtoSoil,MowingtoFertilizing–hundredsofTipsforGrowingaBeautifulLawn.AdamsMedia.p. 23.ISBN 9781580624879. ^Nicholls,David(1998).TheCambridgeHistoryofAmericanMusic.CambridgeUniversityPress.ISBN 9780521454292. ^Bulleid,HenryAnthonyVaughan(1994).Cylindermusicalboxtechnology:includingmakers,types,dating,andmusic.AlmarPress.ISBN 9780930256227.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2016-12-23.Retrieved2016-03-07. Externallinks[edit] LookupcombinWiktionary,thefreedictionary. WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoCombs. Ashby,S.(2011)."AnAtlasofMedievalCombsfromNorthernEurope".InternetArchaeology(30).doi:10.11141/ia.30.3. Ireland,Kay."Cómousarunpeinenavaje(HowtoUseRazorCombs)".eHowenEspanol(inSpanish). "TheOriginofCombs".TheOriginOf.com.Archivedfromtheoriginalon2012-09-13.Retrieved2008-09-11. vteCleaningtools Broom Brush Bucket Featherduster Floorbuffer Floorscrubber Hataki Ladder Mop Mopbucketcart Needlegunscaler Pegwood Pipecleaner Pithwood Pressurewasher Sandblaster Sponge Squeegee Steammop Tawashi Vacuumcleaner Typesoftools Cleaning Cuttingandabrasive Forestry Garden Hand Kitchen Machineandmetalworking Measuringandalignment Power Woodworking vtePluckedidiophones(lamellophones)FrameClack Cricri Guimbardes Idioglot(angkouch,đànmôi,genggong,gogona,kubing,mukkuri) Heteroglot(khomuz,kouxian,morsing) Individual Sets CombLacedlamellae Withoutresonator Withresonator(mbira) Cut-outlamellae Comb Musicbox Authoritycontrol:Nationallibraries Germany Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comb&oldid=1097140208" Categories:ComblamellophonesDomesticimplementsEarlymusicalinstrumentsHairdressingToiletryHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidataCommonscategorylinkisonWikidataCS1Spanish-languagesources(es)ArticleswithGNDidentifiersArticlescontainingvideoclips Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Inotherprojects WikimediaCommons Languages AlemannischÆngliscالعربيةܐܪܡܝܐAymararuBasaBaliবাংলাBanjarБеларускаяभोजपुरीБългарскиBoarischBrezhonegCatalàČeštinaCymraegDanskDeutschEestiΕλληνικάEmiliànerumagnòlEspañolEsperantoEuskaraفارسیFrançaisGalego한국어Հայերենहिन्दीBahasaIndonesiaItalianoעבריתJawaಕನ್ನಡҚазақшаKernowekKiswahiliKreyòlayisyenKurdîКыргызчаLatinaLatviešuLietuviųLombardMagyarമലയാളംमराठीBahasaMelayuMìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄မြန်မာဘာသာNederlandsNedersaksiesनेपाली日本語NorskbokmålNorsknynorskNouormandOʻzbekcha/ўзбекчаپنجابیپښتوPolskiPortuguêsRomânăRunaSimiРусскийSakizayaᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤසිංහලSimpleEnglishسنڌيکوردیСрпски/srpskiSrpskohrvatski/српскохрватскиSundaSuomiSvenskaதமிழ்తెలుగుไทยTürkçeУкраїнськаاردوVahcuenghTiếngViệtWalon吴语粵語中文Gungbe Editlinks