Occipital Lobe - Physiopedia

The occipital lobe is the seat of most of the brain's visual cortex, allowing you to see and process stimuli from the external world and to assign meaning ... Search Search Search Togglenavigation pPhysiopedia pPhysiopedia About News Contribute Courses Resources Contact Donate Login pPhysiopedia About News Contribute Courses Resources Shop Contact Donate p o + Contents Editors Categories Share Cite Contentsloading... Editorsloading... Categoriesloading... Whenreferingtoevidenceinacademicwriting,youshouldalwaystrytoreferencetheprimary(original)source.Thatisusuallythejournalarticlewheretheinformationwasfirststated.InmostcasesPhysiopediaarticlesareasecondarysourceandsoshouldnotbeusedasreferences.Physiopediaarticlesarebestusedtofindtheoriginalsourcesofinformation(seethereferenceslistatthebottomofthearticle).IfyoubelievethatthisPhysiopediaarticleistheprimarysourcefortheinformationyouarereferingto,youcanusethebuttonbelowtoaccessarelatedcitationstatement.Citearticle OccipitalLobe Jumpto:navigation,search OriginalEditor-Lucindahampton TopContributors-Lucindahampton  Contents 1Introduction 2Anatomy 3Function 4Damage 5Interaction 6References Introduction[edit|editsource] The occipitallobeistheseatofmostofthebrain'svisualcortex,allowingyoutoseeandprocessstimulifromtheexternalworldandtoassignmeaningtoandremembervisualperceptions.Locatedjustunderthe parietallobe andabovethe temporallobe,theoccipitallobeisthebrain'ssmallestlobe,butitsfunctionsareindispensable.[1] Anatomy[edit|editsource] Theoccipitallobeisthesmallestlobeaccountingforonly18%ofthetotalneocorticalvolume.Theboundariesoftheoccipitallobehavebeenarbitrarilydefined,givingitatriangularshape.Itsitsposteriortothetemporallobeandparietallobes,underlyingtheoccipitalboneandoverlyingthetentoriumcerebelli.ComposedofthreeBrodmannareas: primaryvisualcortex(Brodmannarea17) secondaryvisual(association)cortex(Brodmannareas18and19) Bloodsupply:branchesoftheposteriorcerebralartery(PCA) [2] Function[edit|editsource] Althoughweknowthattheoccipitallobeisdedicatedtovision,thisprocessishighlycomplex,andincludesanumberofseparatefunctions.Thoseinclude: Mappingthevisualworld,whichhelpswithbothspatialreasoningandvisualmemory.Mostvisioninvolvessometypeofmemory,sincescanningthevisualfieldrequiresyoutorecallthatwhichyousawjustasecondago. Determiningcolorpropertiesoftheitemsinthevisualfield. Assessingdistance,size,anddepth. Identifyingvisualstimuli,particularlyfamiliarfacesandobjects. Transmittingvisualinformationtootherbrainregionssothatthosebrainlobescanencodememories,assignmeaning,craftappropriatemotorandlinguisticresponses,andcontinuallyrespondtoinformationfromthesurroundingworld. Receivingrawvisualdatafromperceptualsensorsintheeyes'retina[1]. Damage[edit|editsource] Damagetotheoccipitallobecaninclude: Difficultywithlocatingobjectsinenvironment Difficultywithidentifyingcolours(ColourAgnosia) Productionofhallucinations Visualillusions-inaccuratelyseeingobjects Wordblindness-inabilitytorecognisewords Difficultyinrecognizingdrawnobjects Inabilitytorecognizethemovementofanobject(MovementAgnosia) Difficultieswithreadingandwriting[3] Interaction[edit|editsource] Theoccipitallobesprimaryroleistocontrolvisionhoweverdamagetootherbrainregionsandbodypartscaninhibitvision.Someevidencesuggeststhat,whentheoccipitallobeisdamaged,nearbybrainregionsmaybeabletocompensateforsomeofitsfunctions. Theoccipitallobeisheavilydependenton: Theeyes,particularlytheretinas,whichtakeinandprocessvisualinformationtothenbefurtherprocessedbytheoccipitallobe. Thefrontallobe,whichcontainsthebrain'smotorcortex.Withoutmotorskills,theeyescannotmoveortakeininformationfromsurroundingregions. Thetemporallobe,whichhelpsassignmeaningtovisualinformation,inadditiontoencodingitintomemories[1]. References[edit|editsource] ↑1.01.11.2SpinalcordOccipitalLobeAvailablefrom:https://www.spinalcord.com/occipital-lobe(accessed3.1.2021) ↑RadiopediaOccipitalLobeAvailablefrom:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/occipital-lobe?lang=gb(accessed3.1.2021) ↑QLDgovt.OccipitalLobeAvailablefrom:https://www.health.qld.gov.au/abios/asp/boccipital(accessed3.1.2021) Retrievedfrom"https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Occipital_Lobe&oldid=263965" Categories:HeadHead-AnatomyBrainBrain-AnatomyNeurology GetTopTipsTuesdayandTheLatestPhysiopediaupdates EmailAddress IgivemyconsenttoPhysiopediatobeintouchwithmeviaemailusingtheinformationIhaveprovidedinthisformforthepurposeofnews,updatesandmarketing. HP Yesplease OurPartners ThecontentonoraccessiblethroughPhysiopediaisforinformationalpurposesonly.Physiopediaisnotasubstituteforprofessionaladviceorexpertmedicalservicesfromaqualifiedhealthcareprovider.Readmore pPhysiopedia oPhysiospot +Physioplus  PhysiopediaAboutNewsCoursesContributeShopContact ContentArticlesCategoriesPresentationsResearchResourcesProjects LegalDisclaimerTermsPrivacyCookies ©Physiopedia2022|PhysiopediaisaregisteredcharityintheUK,no.1173185 Backtotop