Further shipping GHG emission reduction measures adopted

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Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) following technical means to ... of the implementation of the CII and EEXI requirements, ... 17June2021 FurthershippingGHGemissionreductionmeasuresadopted InternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO)adoptskeymandatorymeasurestoreduceships’carbonintensity;establishesshipratingsystem. ​​TheMEPCadoptedamendmentstoMARPOLAnnexI tointroduceaprohibitionontheuseandcarriageforuseasfuelofheavyfueloil(HFO)byshipsinArcticwatersonandafter1July2024.​ NewmandatorymeasurestocutthecarbonintensityofinternationalshippinghavebeenadoptedbytheInternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO),settingshippingonacoursetomeetgreenhousegasreductiontargetsestablishedinthe2018InitialIMOStrategyforReducingGHGEmissionsfromShips.IMO'sMarineEnvironmentProtectionCommittee(MEPC76),meetinginaremotesessionfrom10to17June2021,adoptedamendmentstotheInternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips(MARPOL)AnnexVIthatwillrequireshipstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions.Theseamendmentscombinetechnicalandoperationalapproachestoimprovetheenergyefficiencyofships,alsoprovidingimportantbuildingblocksforfutureGHGreductionmeasures.ThenewmeasureswillrequireallshipstocalculatetheirEnergyEfficiencyExistingShipIndex(EEXI)followingtechnicalmeanstoimprovetheirenergyefficiencyandtoestablishtheirannualoperationalcarbonintensityindicator(CII)andCIIrating.CarbonintensitylinkstheGHGemissionstotheamountofcargocarriedoverdistancetravelled.Shipswillgetaratingoftheirenergyefficiency(A,B,C,D,E-whereAisthebest).Administrations,portauthoritiesandotherstakeholdersasappropriate,areencouragedtoprovideincentivestoshipsratedasAorBalsosendingoutastrongsignaltothemarketandfinancialsector.AshipratedDforthreeconsecutiveyears,orE,isrequiredtosubmitacorrectiveactionplan,toshowhowtherequiredindex(Corabove)wouldbeachieved.IMOSecretary-GeneralKitackLimsaidtheadoptionofthenewmeasureswouldbuildonIMO'spreviouslyadoptedmandatoryenergyefficiencymeasures,toleadshippingontherightpathtowardsdecarbonisation."Thepathtodecarbonizationisalong,butalsoacommonpathinwhichweneedtoconsiderandrespecteachother'sviews.Wehavemadeaconsiderableamountofprogresssincethestartofourjourney,"Mr.Limsaid,"…yourprogresswillcontinuetoprovidethebenefitofexperiencetobeabletomakeambitious,andevidence-baseddecisionsforphase3oftheimplementationoftheoperationalmeasurewhichwillbefurtherstrengthenedanddevelopedtakingintoaccountthereviewoftheshort-termmeasureandthelatestclimatescience,"headded.TheamendmentstoMARPOLAnnexVI(adoptedinaconsolidatedrevisedAnnexVI)areexpectedtoenterintoforceon1November2022,withtherequirementsforEEXIandCIIcertificationcomingintoeffectfrom1January2023.Thismeansthatthefirstannualreportingwillbecompletedin2023,withthefirstratinggivenin2024.AreviewclauserequirestheIMOtoreviewtheeffectivenessoftheimplementationoftheCIIandEEXIrequirements,by1January2026atthelatest,and,ifnecessary,developandadoptfurtheramendments.  ImpactassessmentInadoptingthemeasure,MEPCalsoconsideredtheoutcomesofacomprehensiveimpactassessmentofthemeasurewhichexaminedpotentialnegativeimpactsonStates,andagreedtokeeptheimpactsonStatesofthemeasureunderreviewsothatanynecessaryadjustmentscanbemade.Inadoptingtheamendments,theMEPCagreedinitsresolutiontoundertakealessons-learnedexercisefromthecomprehensiveimpactassessmentoftheamendmentstoMARPOLAnnexVI,withaviewtoimprovingtheprocedureforconductingfutureimpactassessments.Secretary-GeneralLimwelcomedtheapprovalandconsiderationoftheoutcomeoftherelatedcomprehensiveimpactassessmentandthedecisiontokeepimpactsofthemeasureunderreviewandtoinitiatealessons-learnedexercise.MARPOLAnnexVIhas100ContractingStates,whobetweenthemrepresent96.65%ofworldmerchantshippingbytonnage.TheMEPCalsoadoptedaworkplantodevelopmid-andlong-termmeasurestofurthercutshipping'sGHGemissions,inlinewiththeInitialIMOstrategyonreductionofGHGfromshipsGuidelinesadoptedAlongsidetheMARPOLamendments,theMEPCadoptedrelatedguidelinestosupporttheimplementationoftheamendments. (fulllistbelow).Theguidelinesincludethe2021Guidelinesontheoperationalcarbonintensityreductionfactorsrelativetoreferencelines(CIIReductionfactorGuidelines,G3).Thisincludestherequiredreduction(Z)factor,whichissetatarate,relativeto2019,of11%by2026.Thiswould befurtherstrengthenedafterthatdate,takingintoaccountthereviewofthemeasureandlatestclimatescience.MeetingtheinitialGHGstrategyambitionThecombinedtechnicalandoperationalmeasures,referredtoasshorttermcarbonintensitymeasures,areinlinewiththeambitionoftheInitialIMOGHGStrategy,whichaimstoreducecarbonintensityofinternationalshippingby40%by2030,comparedto2008. Theinitialstrategysetsoutshort-mid-andlong-termmeasures.Themeasuresjustadoptedfallintotheshort-termmeasures.FutureworkTheMEPCdiscussedanumberofsubmissionsonhowtoprogressthenextstagesofIMO'sworktocutGHGemissionsfromships,leadingtotherevisionoftheinitialGHGstrategyin2023. TheMEPCadoptedaworkplanontheconcretewayforwardtomakeprogresswithcandidatemid-andlong-termmeasuresincludingmeasurestoincentivizethemoveawayfromfossilfuelstolow-andzero-carbonfuelstoachievedecarbonizationofinternationalshipping. AproposalinitiallyconsideredbyMEPCsuggestedamandatorylevyof$100pertonnecarbondioxideequivalentonheavyfueloil.Thisproposalwillbefurtherconsideredattheintersessionalworkinggroupmeetinginthecontextoftheadoptedworkplanalongwithotherproposalsformid-termmeasures.Theworkplanenvisagesthreephases:PhaseI-Collationandinitialconsiderationofproposalsformeasures(Spring2021tospring2022);PhaseII-Assessmentandselectionofmeasures(s)tofurtherdevelop(Spring2022tospring2023);andPhaseIII–Developmentof(a)measure(s)tobefinalizedwithin(an)agreedtargetdate(s).Mr.Limwelcomedtheadoptionoftheworkplan."Concessionshavebeenmadeonallsidesintheinterestofsecuringtheframeworkwehaveinplace.Ourconsiderationofmid-andlong-termmeasureswilldemandevenmoreofus.IamverypleasedthattheCommitteehasagreedonaworkplantosupportcarryingoutthisdimensionofourworkinastructuredwaythatwillkeepthemembershiptogether,"Mr.Limsaid."AgreementontheworkplansendsthesignalthattheOrganizationanditsMemberStatesarereadytofurtherconsiderthecurrentandfutureproposalsformid-termmeasures.Weneedtogearupworkrelatingtothevariousphasesoftheworkplaninordertogiveefficientandadequateconsiderationtoconcreteproposalsforthereductionofgreenhousegasesinkeepingwithourgoalsintheinitialstrategy. Letuscontinuetoworktogetheronthetasksyouhaveinfrontofyouaswecontinuetomakeprogressonthiscommonpath,"hesaid.IMRBproposalTheCommitteehadanon-exhaustiveconsiderationofaproposaltoestablishanInternationalMaritimeResearchBoard,fundedbyataxonoilfuelusedbyshipping.ThediscussionwillresumeattheCommittee'snextsession. CorrespondenceGroupandIntersessionalWorkingGroupTheMEPCapprovedthetermsofreferenceforaCorrespondenceGrouponCarbonIntensityReductionandmeetingsoftheIntersessionalWorkingGrouponReductionofGHGEmissionsfromShips(ISWG-GHG9andISWG-GHG10).TheISWG-GHG9willmeet15-22 SeptemberandISWG-GHG1018-22October2021,aheadofMEPC77,whichisscheduledtomeet22-26November2021. MEPC76–otheroutcomesTheMEPCalsoadoptedotheramendments.ProhibitingHFOintheArcticTheMEPCadoptedamendmentstoMARPOLAnnexI(additionofanewregulation43A)tointroduceaprohibitionontheuseandcarriageforuseasfuelofheavyfueloil(HFO)byshipsinArcticwatersonandafter1July2024.Theprohibitionwillcovertheuseandcarriageforuseasfuelofoilshavingadensityat15°Chigherthan900kg/m3orakinematicviscosityat50°Chigherthan180mm2/s.Shipsengagedinsecuringthesafetyofships,orinsearchandrescueoperations,andshipsdedicatedtooilspillpreparednessandresponsewouldbeexempted.Shipswhichmeetcertainconstructionstandardswithregardtooilfueltankprotectionwouldneedtocomplyonandafter1July2029.APartytoMARPOLwithacoastlineborderingArcticwatersmaytemporarilywaivetherequirementsforshipsflyingitsflagwhileoperatinginwaterssubjecttothatParty'ssovereigntyorjurisdiction,upto1July2029.TheamendmentswereapprovedatMEPC75,seehttps://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/Pages/MEPC-75th-session.aspx.AmendmentstoMARPOLAnnexesIandIVconcerningtheexemptionofUNSPbargesfromsurveyandcertificationrequirementsTheMEPCadoptedamendmentsto MARPOLAnnexesIandIVconcerningtheexemptionofUNSPbargesfromsurveyandcertificationrequirements.TheamendmentspecifiesthattheAdministrationmayexemptaUNSPbargefromtheannualsurveyandcertificationrequirements,foraperiodnotexceeding5yearsprovidedthattheUNSPbargehasundergoneasurveytoconfirmthatcertainconditionsaremet.TheamendmentsalsoprovidetheformfortheInternationalOilPollutionExemptionCertificateforUnmannedNon-self-propelledBarges.TheMEPCalso approved arelatedcircularonguidelinesforexemptionofUNSPbarges.TheamendmentswereapprovedatMEPC75,seehttps://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/Pages/MEPC-75th-session.aspx.AmendmentstoAFSConvention-cybutreneTheMEPCadoptedamendmentstotheIMOConventionfortheControlofHarmfulAnti-foulingSystemsonShips(AFSConvention),toincludecontrolsonthebiocidecybutryne.TheAFSConventionalreadyprohibitstheuseofbiocidesusingorganotincompounds.ThedraftamendmentswereapprovedatMEPC75,seehttps://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/MeetingSummaries/Pages/MEPC-75th-session.aspx.FurtherinformationCarbonintensitymeasuresindetailTheshort-termmeasureisaimedatmeetingthetargetsetintheIMOInitialGHGStrategy–toreducecarbonintensityofallshipsby40%by2030,comparedto2008.ThesewillbemandatorymeasuresunderMARPOLAnnexVI.TheywillbringinAttainedEnergyEfficiencyExistingShipIndex(EEXI)isrequiredtobecalculatedforshipsof400gtandabove,inaccordancewiththedifferentvaluessetforshiptypesandsizecategories.Thisindicatestheenergyefficiencyoftheshipcomparedtoabaseline.ShipsarerequiredtomeetaspecificrequiredEnergyEfficiencyExistingShipIndex(EEXI),whichisbasedonarequiredreductionfactor(expressedasapercentagerelativetotheEEDIbaseline).Annualoperationalcarbonintensityindicator(CII)andCIIrating.TheCIIdeterminestheannualreductionfactorneededtoensurecontinuousimprovementoftheship'soperationalcarbonintensitywithinaspecificratinglevel. TheactualannualoperationalCIIachieved(attainedannualoperationalCII)wouldberequiredtobedocumentedandverifiedagainsttherequiredannualoperationalCII.Thiswouldenabletheoperationalcarbonintensityratingtobedetermined. Theratingwouldbegivenonascale-operationalcarbonintensityratingA,B,C,DorE-indicatingamajorsuperior,minorsuperior,moderate,minorinferior,orinferiorperformancelevel.Theperformancelevelwouldberecordedintheship'sShipEnergyEfficiencyManagementPlan(SEEMP). AshipratedDforthreeconsecutiveyears,orE,wouldhavetosubmitacorrectiveactionplan,toshowhowtherequiredindex(Corabove)wouldbeachieved.Administrations,portauthoritiesandotherstakeholdersasappropriate,areencouragedtoprovideincentivestoshipsratedasAorB.Insimpleterms,theshort-termtermmeasureareaimedatachievingthecarbonintensityreductionaimsoftheIMOinitialGHGStrategy.TheydothisbyrequiringallshipstocalculatetheirEnergyEfficiencyExistingShipIndex(EEXI)andtoestablishtheirannualoperationalcarbonintensityindicator(CII)andCIIratingInotherwords,shipsgetaratingoftheirenergyefficiency(A,B,C,D,E–whereAisthebest).Ashiprunningonalowcarbonfuelclearlygetsahigherratingthanonerunningonfossilfuel.However,therearemanythingsashipcandotoimproveitsratingthroughvariousmeasures,suchashullcleaningtoreducedrag;speedandrouteingoptimization;installationoflowenergylightbulbs;installationofsolar/windauxiliarypowerforaccommodationservices;etc.GuidelinesThefollowingcomprehensivesetofguidelines,adoptedbyMEPC76,supportthenewrequirements:2021Guidelinesonthemethodofcalculationoftheattainedenergyefficiencyexistingshipindex(EEXI);2021Guidelinesonsurveyandcertificationoftheenergyefficiencyexistingshipindex(EEXI);2021Guidelinesontheshaft/enginepowerlimitationsystemtocomplywiththeEEXIrequirementsanduseofapowerreserve;2021Guidelinesonoperationalcarbonintensityindicatorsandthecalculationmethods(CIIGuidelines,G1);2021GuidelinesonthereferencelinesforusewithoperationalCarbonIntensityIndicators(CIIreferencelinesguidelines,G2);2021Guidelinesontheoperationalcarbonintensityreductionfactorsrelativetoreferencelines(CIIReductionfactorGuidelines,G3);2021GuidelinesontheoperationalCarbonIntensityratingofships(CIIratingguidelines,G4).Readmore:https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Cutting-GHG-emissions.aspx