股市術語集錦 - 富途牛牛幫助中心

股市術語集錦 · 牛市: 股票市場上買入者多於賣出者,股市行情看漲稱為牛市。

· 熊市: 熊市與牛市相反。

· 開盤價: 係指當日開盤後該股票嘅第一筆交易成交嘅價錢。

· 收盤價: 指 ... Login/SignupDownloadappDownloadappOnlineInquiryLogintoaccessOnlineInquiry+CongratulationsYou'vesuccessfullygotadvancedquotesworth5000HKDDownloadAPP>>HomeQuotesNewsLearnLessonsLibraryHelpCenterAboutLanguage简繁ENHelpCenterStockAcademyBasicknowledgeofstocksStockmarketterminologyStockAcademyBasicknowledgeofstocksStockRealTradeStockmarketterminologyBullmarket:Therearemorebuyersthansellersinthestockmarket,sothestockmarketisbullish.Bearmarket:Abearmarketistheoppositeofabullmarket.Therearemoresellersthanbuyersinthestockmarket.Openingprice:Itreferstothepriceofthefirsttransactionofthestockaftertheopeningofthemarketonthatday.Ifthereisnotransactionpricewithin30minutesafterthemarketopens,theclosingpriceofthepreviousdayshallbetheopeningprice.ClosingPrice:Referstothepriceofthelaststocktradeddaily,i.e.,theclosingprice.HighestPrice:Itisthehighestofthepricestradedonthatday.Sometimesthehighestpriceisonlyone,sometimesitismorethanone.LowestPrice:Itisthelowestofthepricestradedonthatday.Sometimesthelowestpriceisonlyone,sometimesitismorethanone.PerformanceStocks：Itisthestocksofcompaniesthathaveanexcellenttrackrecordbutaregrowingataslowerpace. Thesetypesofcompaniesarestrongenoughtowithstandarecession,butthesetypesofcompaniesdonotprovideyouwithencouragingprofits.Sincethesecompaniesaremorematureanddonotneedtospendalotofmoneytoexpandtheirbusiness,themainpurposeofinvestinginthemistocollectdividends.Also,don'tinvestinthesestockswithahighP/Eratio,andpayattentiontothehistoryofstockpricevolatilityduringeconomicdownturns.Popularstocks:Referstostockswithlargetradingvolume,strongliquidity,andhighstockprices.Growthstocks:Itreferstothestocksissuedbysuchcompaniescontinuingtogrowinsalesandprofitsfasterthanthecountryandindustryasawhole. Thesecompaniesareusuallyambitious,focusonscientificresearch,andsetasidelargeamountsofprofitsforreinvestmenttofueltheirexpansion.Aroundlot:Itisaninternationallyusedunitforcalculatingthenumberofsharestraded.Instocks,aroundlotisconsidered100sharesoralargernumberthatcanbeevenlydividedby100.Volume:Thenumberofsharestradedreflectsthevolumeoftransactions.Thisisgenerallymeasuredbythenumberofsharestradedandtheamounttraded.BothindicatorsarecurrentlyavailablefortheShenzhenandShanghaimarkets.Price:Itreferstotheunitofincreaseordecreaseofthecallprice.Thepricelevelvariesaccordingtothepricepershareofthestock. TaketheShanghaiStockExchangeasanexample:$0.10foreverylast$100,$0.20forevery$100-200,$0.30forevery$200-300,$0.50forevery$300-400,and$1.00forevery$400andabove.Suspension:Thestockexchangesuspendsitstradinginthestockmarketduetothecontinuousriseorfallofstockpricesduetocertainnewsorcertainactivities.Afterthesituationisclarifiedorthecompanyreturnstonormal,thetradingwillberesumedandlistedontheexchange.Change:Thedailyclosingpriceiscomparedwiththepreviousday'sclosingpricetodeterminewhetherthestockpricerisesorfalls.Itisgenerallyindicatedbythe"+"-"signonthebulletinboardabovethetradingdesk.LimitMove:Themostsignificantincrease(decrease)inthestockpriceinonedayasspecifiedbytheExchangeisthepercentageofthepreviousday'sclosingprice,whichcannotbeexceeded,ortradingwillbeautomaticallyhalted.Openhigh:Itmeansthattheopeningpriceismuchhigherthantheclosingpriceofthepreviousday.Openlow:Itmeansthattheopeningpriceismuchlowerthantheclosingpriceofthepreviousday.Bedull:Itmeansthatinvestorsdonotactivelybuyandsell,andtakeawait-and-seeattitudesothatthestockpricechangesvarylittleontheday. Consolidation:Itmeansthatafteraperiodofsharpriseorfall,thestockpricebeginstofluctuateslightlyandenterastageofstablechanges.Thisphenomenoniscalledconsolidation,whichisthestageofpreparationforthenextmajorchange.Gaps:Referstothestrongbullishorbadnewsstimulus,thestockpricebegantofluctuatesharply.Agapusuallyoccursbeforethestartorendofamajorstockpricemovement.Price-earningsratio(orP/Eratio):Theprice-to-earningsratioistheratioofthestockpricepersharetotheearningspershare. Price-to-earningsratio=commonstockmarketpricepershare÷commonstockannualearningspershareThenumeratorintheaboveformulaisthecurrentstockmarketprice,andthedenominatorcanbethelastyear'searningsortheforecastearningsforthenextyearorseveralyears. Theprice-earningsratioisoneofthemostbasicandimportantindicatorsforestimatingthevalueofcommonstocks.Itisgenerallybelievedthatitisnormalfortheratiotoremainbetween20-30.Averysmallratioindicatesthatthestockpriceislowwithlowrisks,anditisworthbuying;toolargeindicatesthatthestockpriceishighwithhighrisks,soyoushouldbecautiouswhenbuying.ButstockswithhighP/Eratiosaremostlyhotstocks,andstockswithlowP/Eratiosmaybeunpopularstocks.Call-back:Aphenomenoninwhichthepriceofastockfallsbacktemporarilyasitrisestoofast.Rebound:Itreferstothephenomenonthatinafallingpricequotation,thesharepricesometimesralliestemporarilyunderthesupportofbuyersbecauseithasfallentoofast.Thereboundissmallerthanthedecline,andthedownwardtrendresumesaftertherebound.Long:Apersonwhoisoptimisticaboutthestock'sfuturemarketbuysthestockfirst,waitsforthestocktorisetoacertainprice,andsellsthestockforthedifference.Shortsellers:Aninvestorwhobelievesthatthestockhasrisentoitspeakandwillsoonfall,orwhenthestockhasalreadystartedtofall,thinksitwillcontinuetofallandsellsatthehighprice.LongMarket:Alsoknownasabullmarket,amarketinwhichstockpricesgenerallyrise.ShortMarkets:Amarketinwhichstockpricesareonalong-termdownwardtrend,andinashortmarket,stockpricesmoveinsmallandlargedeclines.Alsoknownasabearmarket.LongFlip:Alongpositionthatwasoriginallybullishontheprice,butchangeditsmindandsolditsshares,sometimeswithborrowedshares,inanactionknownasashortfliporlongflip.Short-flip-long:Theactofbuyingback,andsometimesbuyingmoreshares,ofastockthathasbeensold,whichiscalledshorting.ShortBuying:Aformofspeculationinwhichastockisexpectedtoriseinpriceandisthereforebought,andthensold,beforeactualdelivery,tocollectthedifferenceormakeupthedifferenceinactualdelivery.Shortselling:Aspeculativeactofsellingstockinanticipationthatthestockpricewillfall,thusmakingupthesaleofthestockasifitweresoldbeforeactualsettlementoccurs,andsettlingonlythedifferenceatthetimeofsettlement.Bearnews:Factorsandnewsthatcontributedtothestock'sdeclineinfavoroftheshorts.Bullnews:It'sthefactorsandnewsthatspurredthestocktoriseinfavorofthebulls.Holdup:Itmeansthatthestockpriceisexpectedtoriseandthestockpricewillfallafterbuying,orthestockpriceisexpectedtofall,butthestockpricewillriseafterthestockissold. Theformeriscalledthebullsandthelatteristhebears.Largeinvestors:Thesearelargeinvestors,suchasconsortia,trusts,andothergroupsorindividualswithlargeamountsofcapital.Middleinvestors:Thisreferstoinvestorswhohavealargeamountofinvestment.Retailinvestors：Itistheindividualinvestorwhotradesaverysmallnumberofshares.Broker:Apersonwhoexecutesaclient'sordertobuyorsellsecurities,commodities,orotherproperty,andreceivesacommissionfordoingso.ShortSnapping：Buyingatalowpriceinanticipationofarisingsharepriceandthensellingatahighpriceshortly.Orexpectthesharepricetofall,sellatahighpricefirst,andthenwaitfortheopportunitytorepurchaseatalowpriceintheshortterm.Consolidation:Afteraperiodofrapidupwardordownwardmovement,thepriceofastockencountersresistanceorsupportandmovesslightlyupordown,makingachangeofhand.Pull-up:Apullbackisanunusualwaytoraisethepriceofstocksignificantly.Usually,largeinvestorswillselloutafterapullbacktomakeahugeprofit.Squeeze:Itisanunusualwaytodepressthepriceofastock.Usually,largeinvestorsbuyinlargequantitiesafterthesuppressiontomakehugeprofits.DarkHorse:Astockthathasdoubledormultipliedinpricewithinacertainperiod.WhiteHorse:Itmeansthatthestockpricehasformedalong,slowlyrisingchannel,withsomeroomtorise.Deceptionline:Largeinvestorstakeadvantageofstockinvestors'superstitiousbeliefintechnicalanalysisdataandchartstodeliberatelyliftandsuppressstockindices,resultingintheformationofacertainlineinthetechnicalchartstolurestockinvestorstobuyorsellinlargequantities,therebyachievingtheirgoalofmakingafortune.Thistypeofdeceptivetechnicalchartlineiscalledacheatline.TechnicalAnalysis：Ananalyticalstudyofmarketsandstocksbasedonsupplyanddemand.Technicalanalysisstudiespricemovements,tradingvolumes,tradingtrendsandpatterns,andchartsrepresentationsofthesefactorstopredicthowcurrentmarketbehaviormayaffectfuturesupplyanddemandforsecuritiesandindividualholdingsofsecurities.FundamentalAnalysis：Ananalysisofabusinessbasedonsales,assets,earnings,productsorservices,markets,andmanagement.Alsoreferstotheanalysisofmacro-political,economic,andmilitarydynamicstopredicttheirimpactonthestockmarket.Unlistedstocks:Sharesthatarenotregisteredandlistedonthestockexchange.Proxy:Writtenevidenceoftheshareholder'sappointmentofanotherperson(othershareholders)toexercisevotingrightsonhisorherbehalfatageneralmeetingofshareholders.Turnover:ThenumberofsharestradedasapercentageofthenumberofshareslistedandoutstandingontheExchange.Warrants:Acertificateissuedtotheoriginalshareholdersofacompanytopurchaseacertainnumberofsharesatadiscountedpricewhentheissuingcompanyissuesnewshares.Warrantsareusuallytime-limitedandexpireafteracertainperiod.Theyexpireandcanbesoldortransferredbytheholderduringtheirterm.Exemptions:Theclosingpriceofastockonthedaybeforethestockisex-dividendminusthedifferencebetweentherightsincludedintheex-dividend.Payout:Theclosingpriceofastockonthepreviousdayminusthedividendpaidbythelistedcompanyiscalledapayout.Cumrights:Anystockwithrightsthathavenotbeendeliveredisreferredtoasaninclusionright.FillingRights:Anincreaseinthesharepriceaftertheex-rights,whichmakesupthedifferencebetweentheex-rightsandtheshareprice,iscalledafill-in.Shareincrement:Listedcompaniesoftenundertakecapitalincreases(coveredallotments)orcapitalreserveadditions(uncoveredallotments)forbusinessneeds.RightsIssue:WhentheCompanyissuesadditionalnewshares,theyareallocatedtoshareholdersforsubscriptionataspecialprice(belowmarketprice)basedonthenumberofsharesownedbytheshareholders.Sitinasedanchair(Frontrunning)：Whenthestockpriceisexpectedtorise,buyatalowpriceandsellforaprofitwhenmanyretailinvestorsfollow,andthestockpricerises.Carryinasedanchair：Theresultisthatthepriceofthestockisinflatedsothatotherscanprofitfromit,whilethepriceofthestockisnotlowenoughtomakeaprofit.Getoffthesedanchair：Investorsmakeralliesandsettleforthenexttransaction.Resistancelines:Whenthepriceofastockrisesnearacertainlevel,ifthereisalargeamountofselling,thestockstopsrisingorevengoesbackdown.Supportline:Thepriceatwhichastockdropstonearacertainlevel,suchasthelevelatwhichitstopsfallingorevenrisesifthereisalotofbuying.Gap:Whenthestockmarketisstimulatedbystrongpositiveornegativenews,thestockpricestartstojumpsharply,whenitgoesup,theopeningorlowestpriceofthedayishigherthantheclosingpriceofthepreviousdaybymorethantworeportingunits,itiscalled"gapup";whenitgoesdown,theday'sdaymarketorthehighestpriceislowerthanthepreviousday'sclosingpricebytworeportingunits,andinoneday'strading,itgoesupordownbymorethanonereportingunit,itiscalled"gapdown".Fillinthegap:Itmeansthatashortpositionthatwasnottradedwhenthegapoccurredwillbefilled,i.e.thestockwillreturntothepre-gappriceoversometimetofillthegap.Retreat:Aphenomenoninanuptrendwherethestockpricerisestoofastandfallsbacktoadjusttheprice.Highprice:Thehighestpriceatwhichanindividualstockmovesfromalongmarkettoashortmarket.Breakout:Apricemovementinstockafteraperiodoftrading.Bottom-finding:Thestockstopsfallingandrallieswhenitcontinuestofalltoacertainpricelevel,andsoononeormoretimes.Head：Whenthestockrisestoacertainpricelevel,itmeetsresistanceandslips.Pegging:Buythestock.Peggingout:Sellthestock.Near-termTrend：Thenear-termtrendrefersto20to30daysinthepastfromnow.FullDelivery:Itisamethodoftradinginthesettlementpowerspecificallycreatedbythesecuritiesauthoritiesforsharesofareorganizedcompanyorapubliccompanythatisinsignificanttrouble.OrderWashing:Toachievethepurposeofspeculation,itisnecessarytoallowlow-pricedandweak-willedsedanpassengerstogetoffthesedanonthewaytoreducethepressureontheupshiftandatthesametimeincreasetheaveragepriceofstockholders.Knock-to-knocktransfer：Aknock-to-knocktransferisatransfertransactioninwhichabrokerbuysastockatalowprice,receivesacommissionfromthecustomer,andthensellsittoanothercustomeratahigherprice,fromwhichhemakesanotherprofitonthedifference.Helpful？YesNoTellus:Didn'tanswermyquestionCan'tunderstandNotdetailedenoughSubmitBacktotheTop